考研英語一真題及答案解析

1、凱程考研，中國(guó)最權(quán)威的考研輔導(dǎo)班第 1 頁 共 45 頁2016 考研英語一真題及答案解析2016 考研英語一真題及答案解析section 1 use of englishdirections： read the following text。 choose the best word（s） for eachnumbered blank and mark a， b， c or d on answer sheet 1。 （10 points）in cambodia，the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male。 itmay

2、involve not only his parents and his friends， _1_those of the youngwoman， but also a matchmaker。 a young man can _2_ a likely spouse on hisown and then ask his parents to _3_the marriage negotiations， or the youngmans parents may take the choice of a spouse， giving the child little to say in thesele

3、ction。 _4_， a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen。 _5_ aspouse has been selected， each family investigates the other to make sure its childis marrying _6_ a good family。the traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair。formerly it lasted three days，_7_1980s it more commonly lasted a

4、 day and a half。 buddhist priests offer a short sermon and _8_ prayers of blessing。par-ts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting，_9_cotton threads soaked in holy water around the brides and grooms wrists，and _10_a candle around a circle of happily married andrespected couples to blessthe _11_。

5、newlyweds traditionally move in with thewife凱程考研，中國(guó)最權(quán)威的考研輔導(dǎo)班第 2 頁 共 45 頁s parents and may_12_ with them up to a year， _13_they can build a new house nearby。divorce is legal and easy to _14_， but not common。 divorced persons are_15_ with some disapproval。 each spouse retains _16_ property he or she_1

6、7_ into the marriage， and jointly-acquired property is _18_ equally。divorced persons may remarry， but a gender prejudice _19_up。the divorcedmale doesnt have a waiting period before he can remarry _20_the woman mustwait ten months。1。a。by way ofb。with regard toc。on behalf ofd。as wellas2。a。decide onb。p

7、rovide forc。compete withd。adapt to3。a。 closeb。 arrangec。 renewd。 postpone4。a。in theoryb。above allc。in timed。for example5。a。 unlessb。 lessc。 afterd。 although6。a。 intob。 withinc。 fromd。 through7。a。 orb。 sincec。 butd。 so8。a。 testb。 copyc。 recited。 create9。a。 foldingb。 pilingc。 wrappingd。 tying10。a。 pas

8、singb。 lightingc。 hidingd。 serving11。a。 associationb。 meetingc。 collectiond。 union凱程考研，中國(guó)最權(quán)威的考研輔導(dǎo)班第 3 頁 共 45 頁12。a。 dealb。 partc。 growd。 live13。a。 whereasb。 untilc。 ford。 if14。a。 avoidb。 followc。 challenged。 obtain15。a。isolatedb。persuadedc。viewedd。exposed16。a。whereverb。whateverc。wheneverd。however17。

9、a。 changedb。 broughtc。 shapedd。 pushed18。a。investedb。dividedc。donatedd。withdrawn19。a。 warmsb。 clearsc。 showsd。 breaks20。a。 whileb。 so thatc。 onced。 in that1。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案 das well as考點(diǎn)分析 本題考察邏輯關(guān)系選項(xiàng)分析 因?yàn)榭疾爝壿嬯P(guān)系，所以需要我們先對(duì)填空前后的原文信息做定位分析： 文章身處大環(huán)境 not only。but also 之中，這是一個(gè)明顯的并列關(guān)系，表示“不僅而且”該空與前一句“his parents and his

10、friends”也是并列關(guān)系，表示“與他本人以及伴侶的父母朋友相關(guān)” 所以答案只能是 d。 as well as。a。 by way of 通過 b。 with regard to 關(guān)于 c。 on behalf of 代表2。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案 a decide on考點(diǎn)分析 上下文語義凱程考研，中國(guó)最權(quán)威的考研輔導(dǎo)班第 4 頁 共 45 頁選項(xiàng)分析 根據(jù)該句的主語 a young man 與賓語 a likely spouse 的關(guān)系，答案只能是 a。 decide on 決定。表示自己決定自己的對(duì)象。b。 provide for 為提供準(zhǔn)備 c。compete with 與競(jìng)爭(zhēng) d。 adapt

11、to 適用3。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案 barrange考點(diǎn)分析 上下文語義及動(dòng)詞辨析選項(xiàng)分析 該句意思為，他可以自己選擇自己中意的伴侶并讓父母_相關(guān)事務(wù)。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，a。 close 關(guān)閉 c renew 更新；恢復(fù) d postpone“推遲”，語義不正確，只有 b arrange 安排是符合語境。4。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案 ain theory考點(diǎn)分析 上下文語義選項(xiàng)分析邏輯判斷題。主要是看前后兩句的含義，前面是說“他可以自己選擇自己中意的伴侶并讓父母安排相關(guān)事務(wù)，或者幾乎不參與，完全讓父母選擇自己的對(duì)象?！?空格后面說“女方可以拒絕她父母所選擇的對(duì)象?！边@兩句之間沒有舉例說明的關(guān)系，且有一個(gè)may，更證明 a。 i

12、n theory 的正確性。而其他選項(xiàng) b。 above all 最重要的是， c。 intime 準(zhǔn)時(shí) d。 for example 舉例，均不符合題意。5。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案 cafter考點(diǎn)分析 上下文語義凱程考研，中國(guó)最權(quán)威的考研輔導(dǎo)班第 5 頁 共 45 頁選項(xiàng)分析根據(jù)下文“ _a spouse has been selected， each family investigatesthe other” 知道， 只有對(duì)象選擇好后， 父母才會(huì)去調(diào)查研究對(duì)方的背景。 所以只有 after才對(duì)。其他選項(xiàng) a。 unless 除非，否則 b。 lest 以免，唯恐 d。 although 盡管 都不符合

13、題意。6。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案 ainto考點(diǎn)分析 上下文語義及介詞詞義辨析選項(xiàng)分析 這里主要是看marry與相關(guān)介詞的固定搭配。 這里marry into就是指嫁到，而其他選項(xiàng)均沒有這層含義。7。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案 cbut考點(diǎn)分析 邏輯關(guān)系題選項(xiàng)分析根據(jù)上文，說傳統(tǒng)的婚禮時(shí)間跨度很長(zhǎng)，但是到了 1980s，婚禮只持續(xù)一天半。所以與前文發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)變。因此要選擇 but 轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。8。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案 crecite考點(diǎn)分析 上下文語義及動(dòng)詞詞義辨析選項(xiàng)分析空格處需要填一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，和后面的 prayers of blessing 所搭配，c 選項(xiàng)recite 為背誦的意思，與所給短語搭配最為合理，譯為“為祈禱者做祈?！?。9。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

14、答案 dtying凱程考研，中國(guó)最權(quán)威的考研輔導(dǎo)班第 6 頁 共 45 頁考點(diǎn)分析 上下文語義及動(dòng)詞詞義辨析選項(xiàng)分析 本題需要根據(jù)上下文語義分析，空格處需要搭配后文“棉花線頭”，縱觀四個(gè)選項(xiàng)a折疊b堆積 c包裹 d系上， 根據(jù)選項(xiàng)含義， 只有 d 和后文的 “棉花線頭” 搭配最為合理。10。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案 apassing考點(diǎn)分析 上下文語義及動(dòng)詞詞義辨析選項(xiàng)分析 本題根據(jù)選項(xiàng)a傳遞b點(diǎn)亮 c隱藏 d服務(wù)， 原文空格需要填寫一個(gè)動(dòng)詞與后文“around a circle”來搭配，譯為“將蠟燭傳一圈”，故a傳遞為正確選項(xiàng)。11。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案 dunion考點(diǎn)分析 名詞詞義辨析選項(xiàng)分析 本題根據(jù)選項(xiàng)a協(xié)會(huì)，

15、 社團(tuán)b會(huì)議， 會(huì)面 c集合 d結(jié)合。 本句語義為 “這些受尊敬的夫妻祈禱”根據(jù)語境，結(jié)婚是一種夫妻二人的結(jié)合，因此，選項(xiàng)d結(jié)合更符合語境。12。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案 dlive考點(diǎn)分析 上下文語義及動(dòng)詞詞義辨析選項(xiàng)分析 本題比較簡(jiǎn)單。根據(jù)語義“根據(jù)傳統(tǒng)，新婚夫婦要搬到妻子父母家，與父母_一年”根據(jù)語境，應(yīng)為d居住為最佳答案。凱程考研，中國(guó)最權(quán)威的考研輔導(dǎo)班第 7 頁 共 45 頁13。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案 buntil考點(diǎn)分析 時(shí)間邏輯關(guān)系選項(xiàng)分析 根據(jù)原文，“_他們?cè)诟浇ㄔ煲粭澬路孔印?a然而b直到 c為 d如果 結(jié)合語境，b直到最符合原文語境，搭配最為合理。14。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案 dobtain考點(diǎn)分析 上下文語義及

16、動(dòng)詞詞義辨析選項(xiàng)分析 divorce is legal and relatively easy to _14_， but not common。該句句意為離婚是合法的，且相對(duì)容易_。 a.avoid 避免 b.follow 跟隨 c.chanllenge 挑戰(zhàn)，質(zhì)疑 d.obtain 獲得。這里出現(xiàn) and，所以對(duì)于離婚這件事不可能是避免或是挑戰(zhàn)，但是跟隨和離婚之間語義不符，但是獲得離婚（的批準(zhǔn)）是可以的。選 d。15。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案 d viewed考點(diǎn)分析 上下文語義及動(dòng)詞詞義辨析選項(xiàng)分析 divorced persons are _15_ with some disapproval。離婚的人一

17、些不贊同。在段首，已經(jīng)注明離婚是合法的且相對(duì)容易得到批準(zhǔn)，但是不常見。這說明離婚在現(xiàn)實(shí)中肯定是不太受到人們的歡迎的。 而接下來這句就說離婚的人一些不贊同。 再看選項(xiàng)：a.isolated 孤立 b.persuaded 勸說 c.viewed 看做 d。 exposed 接觸，受到的影響c選項(xiàng)固定搭配被認(rèn)為，放進(jìn)。16。 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案 bwhatever凱程考研，中國(guó)最權(quán)威的考研輔導(dǎo)班第 8 頁 共 45 頁考點(diǎn)分析 語法選項(xiàng)分析 each spouse retains _16_ property he or she _17_ into themarriage， 17 個(gè)空對(duì)應(yīng)的都是動(dòng)詞，所以該句意

18、思為：夫婦雙方保有財(cái)產(chǎn)，這個(gè)財(cái)產(chǎn)是他或她（動(dòng)詞）進(jìn)婚姻的。 結(jié)合選項(xiàng) a whenever“無論何地；任何（地方）=any placewhere（定從）”。b whatever“無論什么；任何（東西）=anything that/any+n that” 。c whenever 無論何時(shí)；任何（時(shí)間=any time when）d however 無論如何；無論多么 。根據(jù)語義，這里應(yīng)該不是讓步的關(guān)系，而且填的這個(gè)詞還要能修飾 property。因此，選擇b =retains any property that he or she 。17。 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案 bbrought考點(diǎn)分析 上下文語義及動(dòng)詞義

19、辨析選項(xiàng)分析 each spouse retains _16_ property he or she _17_ into themarriage，結(jié)合選項(xiàng) a changed“改變”。b brought “帶來”。c shaped“形成” dpushed“推，逼迫”。結(jié)合語境只有 b 符合，把財(cái)產(chǎn)帶入婚姻。18。 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案 bdivided考點(diǎn)分析 上下文語義及動(dòng)詞義辨析選項(xiàng)分析 and jointly-acquired property is _18_ equally。 結(jié)合選項(xiàng) a invested投資。bdivided 平分 c donated 捐贈(zèng)dwithdrawn 撤出，提取。根據(jù)

20、語義應(yīng)該是共同財(cái)產(chǎn)被（夫妻雙方）平分。凱程考研，中國(guó)最權(quán)威的考研輔導(dǎo)班第 9 頁 共 45 頁19。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案 cshows考點(diǎn)分析 動(dòng)詞固定搭配選項(xiàng)分析 divorced persons may remarry， but a gender prejudice_19_up。 該句語義為離過婚的人或許會(huì)再婚， 但是性別偏見。 結(jié)合選項(xiàng) a。warm （up）加熱 b.clear（up） 變晴 c.show （up） 顯現(xiàn) d.break（up）分裂，分開；，顯然 c 是正確選項(xiàng)。20。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案 awhile選項(xiàng)分析 上下文語義考點(diǎn)分析 很明顯的兩類人的對(duì)比比較關(guān)系。只能選擇 while。真題翻譯在

21、柬埔寨，伴侶的選擇對(duì)于年輕男性來說是一個(gè)復(fù)雜的問題。這不僅與他本人以及未來伴侶的父母朋友相關(guān)， 而且與媒婆也有著千絲萬縷的關(guān)系。 他可以自己選擇自己中意的伴侶并讓父母安排相關(guān)事務(wù)，或者幾乎不參與，完全讓父母選擇自己的對(duì)象。理論上來說，女方可以拒絕她父母所選擇的對(duì)象。在選好自己的對(duì)象后，每個(gè)家庭都能會(huì)去調(diào)查對(duì)方家庭來確保他們的孩子嫁到好人家。傳統(tǒng)的婚禮是一段漫長(zhǎng)，多姿多彩的過程。從前會(huì)持續(xù)三天，但是到了 20 世紀(jì) 80 年代，一般會(huì)持續(xù)一天半。佛教徒通常會(huì)做簡(jiǎn)短誦經(jīng)，并為新人祈福。儀式通常包括剪發(fā)，在新郎新娘的胳膊上系上浸滿圣水的棉繩， 在幸福的、 受人尊敬的夫婦中傳遞蠟燭來祈禱新人的結(jié)合。通

22、常情況下，新婚夫婦會(huì)到妻子父母家里住一年，直到他們?cè)诟浇ㄒ粭澬路孔訛橹?。凱程考研，中國(guó)最權(quán)威的考研輔導(dǎo)班第 10 頁 共 45 頁離婚是合法的，而且很容易獲得批準(zhǔn)，但是在實(shí)際中這種情況并不常見。離過婚的男女會(huì)受到一些人的詬病。 夫婦雙方在離婚后可保有他或她婚前帶來的財(cái)產(chǎn)， 而且可平分婚后共同取得的財(cái)產(chǎn)。離過婚的人或許會(huì)再婚，但是性別偏見還是很明顯。比如，離過婚的男性再婚前不需要一段等待期而女性則需要等待十個(gè)月。section reading comprehensionpart adirections： read the following four texts。answer the ques

23、tions after each textby choosing a，b，c or d。mark your answers on answer sheet 1。（ 40 points）text1france，which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion， has decided itsfashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for women。itslawmakers gave preliminary approval last w

24、eek to a law that would make it a crimeto employ ultra-thin models on runways。 the parliament also agreed to banwebsites that “incite excessive thinness” by promoting extreme dieting。such measures have a couple of uplifting motives。 they suggest beautyshould not be defined by looks that end up impin

25、ging on health。 thats a start。and the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models fromstarving themselves to death as some have done。it tells the fashion industry that凱程考研，中國(guó)最權(quán)威的考研輔導(dǎo)班第 11 頁 共 45 頁it must take responsibility for the signal it sends women， especially teenage girls，ab

26、out the social tape-measure they must use to determine their individual worth。the bans， if fully enforced， would suggest to women （ and many men） thatthey should not let others be arbiters of their beauty。 and perhaps faintly， theyhint that people should look to intangible qualities like character a

27、nd intellectrather than dieting their way to size zero or wasp-waist physiques。the french measures， however， rely too much on severe punishment tochange a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep-and bone-showing。 underthe law， using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined inde

28、x ofbody mass could result in a $85，000 fine and six months in prison。the fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on materialadornment and idealized body types。 in denmark， the united states， and a fewother countries， it is trying to set voluntary standards for models and fashi

29、onimages that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement。in contrast to france s actions，denmark s fashion industry agreed last monthon rules and sanctions regarding the age， health， and other characteristics ofmodels。 the newly revised danish fashion ethical charter clearly states：”we areaware of a

30、nd take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on bodyideals， especially on young people”。 the charters main tool of enforcement isto deny access for designers and modeling agencies to copenhagen fashion week凱程考研，中國(guó)最權(quán)威的考研輔導(dǎo)班第 12 頁 共 45 頁（cfw）， which is run by the danish fashion insti

31、tute。 but in general it relies ona name-and -shame method of compliance。relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of bodyideals may be the best step。 even better would be to help elevate notions ofbeauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry。21。 according t

32、o the first paragraph，what would happen in france？aphysical beauty would be redefined。bnew runways would be constructed。cwebsites about dieting would thrive。dthe fashion industry would decline。22。 the phrase “impinging on”（line 2，para.2） is closest in meaning toaheightening the value ofbindicating t

33、he state ofclosing faith inddoing harm to23。 which of the following is true of the fashion industry？凱程考研，中國(guó)最權(quán)威的考研輔導(dǎo)班第 13 頁 共 45 頁athe french measures have already failed。bnew standards are being set in denmark。cmodels are no longer under peer pressure。dits inherent problems are getting worse。24.a de

34、signer is most likely to be rejected by cfw forapursuing perfect physical conditionsbcaring too much about models character。cshowing little concern for health factorsdsetting a high age threshold for models。25.which of the following may be the best title of the text？aa challenge to the fashion indus

35、trys body idealsba dilemma for the starving models in francecjust another round of struggle for beautydthe great threats to the fashion industry21 答案 a physical beauty would be redefined凱程考研，中國(guó)最權(quán)威的考研輔導(dǎo)班第 14 頁 共 45 頁解析： 這是一道細(xì)節(jié)題， 根據(jù) france 定位到第一段第一句， 主干成分為 france has lostan absolute right to define ph

36、ysical beauty。此外第二段第二句 they suggest beautyshould not be define by looks故而 a physical beauty would be redefined 為同義替換，即為正確答案。22 答案 d doing harm to解析：此題為詞義題。定位到第二段第二句 they suggest beauty should not bedefined by looks that end up impinging on health。 根據(jù) end up 可以看出 beautyshould not be defined by looks

37、和 that end up impinging on health 為順承關(guān)系，所以“ 改變?nèi)藗儗?duì)美不僅僅是外表的定義 ”可以結(jié)束對(duì)健康的危害。 故而可以推知 doing harmto 是正確答案。23 答案 b new standards are being set in denmark解析：此題是正誤判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第二句話 in denmark，it is trying to setvoluntary standards for models and fashion可知 b 選項(xiàng) new standards are beingset in denmark 是其同義替換。24 答案 c

38、showing little concern for health factors解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。一個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)師很可能因?yàn)槭裁丛虮?cfw 拒絕，根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞可回到文中定位至倒數(shù)第二段， 首句說丹麥的時(shí)尚界就有關(guān)模特的年齡， 健康及其他特性的內(nèi)容達(dá)成一致意見， 切一項(xiàng)新法案也明確規(guī)定， 他們已經(jīng)意識(shí)到時(shí)尚界對(duì)于人們尤其是年輕人的身體健凱程考研，中國(guó)最權(quán)威的考研輔導(dǎo)班第 15 頁 共 45 頁康所帶來的影響，并且該對(duì)此負(fù)責(zé)，接著下一句就說，這一法規(guī)的執(zhí)行方式就是拒絕一些設(shè)計(jì)師，因?yàn)榭梢酝茢嘣O(shè)計(jì)師很可能因?yàn)椴豢紤]身體健康因素而被 cfw 拒絕。25 答案 d a challenge to the fas

39、hion industrys body ideals解析：主旨題。本文從首段就開始闡述法國(guó)的觀點(diǎn)，即時(shí)尚界已經(jīng)失去了定義女性身體之美的權(quán)利， 且議會(huì)也禁止網(wǎng)站通過宣傳過度節(jié)食來強(qiáng)調(diào)過度消瘦。 二段繼續(xù)說明美麗不能只看外表更不能以犧牲健康為代價(jià)。 三段說女性不該讓他人來評(píng)判自己的美麗。 以及后面的段落中也一直在不斷說明一點(diǎn)， 即健康很重要， 不能只看外表。 所以文章最佳標(biāo)題應(yīng)該是 d，對(duì)時(shí)尚界完美身材的質(zhì)疑。text 2for the first time in history more people live in towns than in the country。 inbritain th

40、is has had a curious result。 while polls show britons rate”thecountryside”alongside the royal family， shakespeare and the national healthserivce （nhs） as what makes them proudest of their country， this has limitedpolitical support。a century ago octavia hill launched the national trust not to rescue

41、stylishhouses but to save“the beauty of natural places for everyone forever”。it wasspecifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they couldexperience“ a refreshing air 。 ” hill s pressure later led to creation of national parksand green belts。 they don t make countryside any mo

42、re， and every year concreteconsumes more of it 。 it needs constant guardianship。凱程考研，中國(guó)最權(quán)威的考研輔導(dǎo)班第 16 頁 共 45 頁at the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse thissentiment。 the conservativesplanning reform explicitly gives rural developmentpriority over conservation，even authorisi

43、ng“ off-plan” building where local peoplemight object。 the concept of sustainable development has been defined asprofitable。 labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councilsoppose development。 the liberal democrats are silent。 only ukip， sensing itschance，has sided with those plead

44、ing for a more considered approach to usinggreen land。 its campaign to protect rural england struck terror into many localconservative parties。the sensible place to build new houses，factories and offices is where peopleare， in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place。the london agents stirl

45、ingackroyd recently identified enough sites for half a million houses in the londonarea alone，with no intrusion on green belt。 what is true of london is even truerof the provinces。the idea that” housing crisis” equals“ concreted meadows” is pure lobby talk。the issue is not the need for more houses b

46、ut， as always，where to put them。under lobby pressure，george osborne favours rural new-build against urbanrenovation and renewal。 he favours out-of-town shopping sites against highstreets 。 this is not a free market but a biased one。 rural towns and villages havegrown and will always grow。 they do so

47、 best where building sticks to their edgesand respects their character。 we do not ruin urban development should be凱程考研，中國(guó)最權(quán)威的考研輔導(dǎo)班第 17 頁 共 45 頁planned， not let rip。 after the netherlands， britain is europes most crowedcountry。 half a century of town and country planning has enabled it to retain anen

48、viable rural coherence， while still permitting low-density urban living。 there isno doubt of the alternative - the corrupted landscapes of southern portugal，spain or ireland。 avoiding this rather than promoting it should unite the left andright of the political spectrum。26。britains public sentiment

49、about the countrysideahas brought much benefit to the nhs。bdidnt start till the shakespearean age。cis fully backed by the royal family。dis not well reflected in politics。27。according to paragraph 2， the achievements of the national trust are nowbeingagradually destroyed。beffectively reinforced。cprop

50、erly protected。dlargely overshadowed。凱程考研，中國(guó)最權(quán)威的考研輔導(dǎo)班第 18 頁 共 45 頁28。which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 3？aukip may gain from its support for rural conservation。bthe conservatives may abandon ”off -plan“ building。cthe liberal democrats are losing political influence。dlabour is und

51、er attack for opposing development。29。the author holds that george osbornes preferenceareveals a strong prejudice against urban areas。bshows his disregard for the character of rural areas。cstresses the necessity of easing the housing crisis。dhighlights his firm stand against lobby pressure。30。in the

52、 last paragraph，the author shows his appreciation ofathe size of population in britain。bthe enviable urban lifestyle in britain。cthe town-and-country planning in britain。dthe political life in today is britain。26 答案 d is not well reflected in politics凱程考研，中國(guó)最權(quán)威的考研輔導(dǎo)班第 19 頁 共 45 頁解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。精讀題干，劃出關(guān)鍵詞。根據(jù)

53、題干回到原文精確定位到首段最后一句，該句中的 polls 民意調(diào)查對(duì)應(yīng)題干中的 public sentiment， 定位答案處為“ this has limitedpolitical support”，意思為這在政治支持方面是有限的。與 d 選項(xiàng)“在政治上沒有得到很好的反響”為同義替換。27 答案 d largely overshadowed解析： 細(xì)節(jié)題。 根據(jù)題干， 題干中出現(xiàn)大寫 the national trust， 定位到第二段首句 thenational trust 該句。二段首句只是對(duì) hill 的該項(xiàng)目做介紹，需向后看影響。往下可以讀到 hills pressure 這句，寫到

54、“hill 的項(xiàng)目創(chuàng)造出國(guó)家公園和綠地。他們不再制造鄉(xiāng)村了，而且每年鋼筋混凝土消耗的鄉(xiāng)村越來越多。鄉(xiāng)村需要持久的保護(hù)”。對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)，該項(xiàng)目的成就很大程度上被奪取了光輝。28 答案 a ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation解析：推斷題。題干問的是從第三段能推出什么，考察的是相應(yīng)段落的段落中心。觀察選項(xiàng)不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，選項(xiàng)中都是大寫的 ukip，the conservatives，the liberal democrats，labour?？筛鶕?jù)選項(xiàng)中的大寫回段落中尋找，發(fā)現(xiàn) ukip 所在的定位句為 only 的倒裝強(qiáng)調(diào)句（倒裝強(qiáng)調(diào)句往

55、往為答案所在處）。該句子意思是：只有 ukip 意識(shí)到其機(jī)會(huì)，并支持這些人。和選項(xiàng) a 對(duì)應(yīng)一下，ukip 可能能從其對(duì)農(nóng)村保護(hù)的支持中獲得好處，是同義替換。29 答案b shows his disregard for the character of rural areas解析：細(xì)節(jié)題 問的是作者對(duì)于奧斯本的偏好（觀點(diǎn)）的具體看法。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞奧斯本定位至第五段， 因?yàn)閱柕氖亲髡邔?duì)于奧斯本觀點(diǎn)的看法， 所以只需要看在奧斯本的觀點(diǎn)之后凱程考研，中國(guó)最權(quán)威的考研輔導(dǎo)班第 20 頁 共 45 頁作者的表達(dá)內(nèi)容，第五段倒數(shù)兩句話就是作者表達(dá)自己觀點(diǎn)的地方，即“我們沒有破壞城市中受到保護(hù)的地方”， “你

56、們?yōu)槭裁匆茐泥l(xiāng)村的呢？”這就說明奧斯本一方的觀點(diǎn)是要破壞鄉(xiāng)村環(huán)境。所以可得出答案是奧斯本想法表明了他對(duì)于鄉(xiāng)村人們的忽視。30 答案c the-town-and-country planning in britain解析：根據(jù)題干定位到最后一段，問的是作者欣賞贊同什么，作者的觀點(diǎn)即是文章末段的段落中心，可定位到末段末句。末句指出，避免 this 會(huì)將左右黨派聯(lián)系起來，this 代詞指代指代上句中所提到的內(nèi)容。 should 即作者贊同的地方， 也就是作者贊同的是城鄉(xiāng)結(jié)合。text3“there is on and only one social responsibility of busine

57、ss，” wrote miltonfriedman， a nobel prize-winning economist， “that is， to use its resources andengage in activities designed to increase its profits?！?but even if you acceptfriedmans premise and regard corporate social responsibility （csr） policies asa waste of shareholders money， things may not be a

58、bsolutely clear-cut。 newresearch suggests that csr may create monetary value for companies-at leastwhen they are prosecuted for corruption。the largest firms in america and britain together spend more than $15 billion ayear on csr， according to an estimate by epg， a consulting firm。 this could addval

59、ue to their businesses in three ways。 first， consumers may take csr spendingas a “ signal”that a company s products are of high quality。second，customersmay be willing to buy a companys products as an indirect way to donate to the凱程考研，中國(guó)最權(quán)威的考研輔導(dǎo)班第 21 頁 共 45 頁good causes it helps。and third，through a m

60、ore diffuse “ halo effect， ”wherebyits good deeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and others。previous studies on csr have had trouble differentiating these effects because consumers can be affected by all three。al recent study attempts to separate them by looking at bribery prosecutions