職高unit5honesty語法課件

1、定義 直接引語： 直接引述別人的話，要加引號(hào) 間接引語： 用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，不用引號(hào) mr. black said, ”i like playing football.” (直接引語) mr. black said that he liked playing football. (間接引語)直接引語間接引語陳述句1祈使句2疑問句3陳述句的轉(zhuǎn)化 陳述句的轉(zhuǎn)化： 1）人稱的變化 2）時(shí)態(tài)的變化 3）指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語和動(dòng)詞的變化）人稱的變化）人稱的變化口訣說明直接引語間接引語一一隨隨主主二隨賓二隨賓三三不不變變引號(hào)內(nèi)的引號(hào)內(nèi)的第一第一人人稱變間引后與主稱變間引后與主句主語的人稱句主

2、語的人稱保保持一致持一致引號(hào)內(nèi)的引號(hào)內(nèi)的第二第二人人稱變間引后與主稱變間引后與主句賓語的人稱保句賓語的人稱保持一致持一致引號(hào)內(nèi)的引號(hào)內(nèi)的第三第三人人稱在變間引后人稱在變間引后人稱不變稱不變she said,“ i like tennis.”she said that she liked tennishe said to lily,“ you must get up early”he told lily that she must get up earlyshe said to me ,“ they want tohelp him”she told me that they wanted hel

3、p him陳述句陳述句 如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，直接引語變間接引語時(shí)，從句的時(shí)態(tài)不變。 he says, “im not good at math. ” he says that he is not good at math.2）時(shí)態(tài)的變化）時(shí)態(tài)的變化陳述句2）時(shí)態(tài)的變化）時(shí)態(tài)的變化 如果主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是一般過去式，直接引語變間接引語時(shí)，從句的時(shí)態(tài)要做相應(yīng)的變化。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一般過去時(shí)過去完成時(shí)一般將來時(shí)一般過去時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去將來時(shí)不變過去完成時(shí) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) he said, “ i cant do it myself.”一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí) he sai

4、d that he couldnt do it himself.陳述句 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) he said, “ i am reading the book.”過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí) he said that he was reading the book.陳述句 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) he said, “ i have not heard from him since may.”過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí) he said that he had not heard from him since may.陳述句 一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí) he said, “ i came to help you.”過去

5、完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí) he said that he had come to help me.陳述句 過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)he said, “ i had finished my homework before supper.”不變不變 he said that he had finished my homework before supper.陳述句 一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí) he said, “ ill do it after class.”過去將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí) he said that he would do it after class.陳述句直接引語間接引語指示代詞this, these時(shí)間

6、狀語nowtodayyesterdaytomorrowthis weeknext week. 地點(diǎn)狀語here動(dòng)詞come 3）指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語和動(dòng)詞的變化指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語和動(dòng)詞的變化陳述句that，thosethenthat daythe day beforethe next daythat weekthe next weektherego 注意： 直接引語如果是客觀真理，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。 he said light travels much faster than sound.” he said that light travels much faster

7、 than sound.” 如果在當(dāng)?shù)剞D(zhuǎn)述，here 不必改為there，動(dòng)詞come 不必改為go. 如果在當(dāng)天、當(dāng)月、當(dāng)年轉(zhuǎn)述today, yesterday, tomorrow 等時(shí)間狀語也不必改變。 陳述句祈使句 祈使句的轉(zhuǎn)化： 1）肯定句的轉(zhuǎn)化 2）否定句的轉(zhuǎn)化 轉(zhuǎn)述祈使句時(shí)，要將祈使句的v原變?yōu)閹o的不定式，并在不定時(shí)的前面加上tell, ask, order等動(dòng)詞。 she said to us, “please sit down.”祈使句she asked us to sit down. 如果祈使句為否定句，在不定式的前面加not。 he said, dont make so

8、 much noise, boys.”祈使句he told the boys not to make so much noise. 疑問句 疑問句的轉(zhuǎn)化： 1）一般疑問句的轉(zhuǎn)化 2）特殊疑問句的轉(zhuǎn)化 一般疑問句 變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，要構(gòu)成以連詞whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，句末用句號(hào)。 主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞是said時(shí)，要改為asked。 he said, are you interested in english?” 沒有間接賓語時(shí)，可以加一個(gè)間接賓語。 he said, “did you see him last night?”疑問句he asked me if/whether i was

9、interested in english. he asked (me) whether i had seen him the night before. 特殊疑問句 變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，構(gòu)成用原來的疑問詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。 將疑問式改為陳述句結(jié)構(gòu)，句末用句號(hào)。 “ what do you want?” he asked me. he asked me, “why did you come so late?”疑問句he asked me what i wanted. he asked me why i had come so late. 1.當(dāng)直接引語是陳述句：由( that) 引導(dǎo)主語+ (said) that+句子（時(shí)態(tài)往過去推) told 2.當(dāng)直接引語是一般疑問句: 用 if引導(dǎo) whether主語+(asked)