[定語從句知識總結(jié)]簡單定語從句例句100句

1、定語從句知識總結(jié)簡單定語從句例句100句 定語從句： 關(guān)系代詞 (that, which, who, whom, whose, as) 引導(dǎo)詞 限制性定語從句 （對于所修飾的詞進(jìn)行解釋和限定） 關(guān)系副詞 (when where why) 定語從句 非限制性定語從句 the girl that i saw just now is very beautiful. 判斷：是否影響整句話的完整性。一個是名詞/代詞，一個是句子或名詞. 定語從句=先行詞+關(guān)系詞+從句 一.定語從句 （一）限制性定語從句 1. 關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句 定語從句的連接詞不可以用what. 先行詞為人 1.who作為引導(dǎo)詞,在

2、從句中做主語 (1) the boys who are playing football are from class one. (2) yesterday i helped an old man who lost his way. 2. whom作為引導(dǎo)詞,在定語從句中充當(dāng)賓語,?？墒÷?。 (1) mr. liu is the person you talked about on the bus. (2) mr. ling is just the boy whom i want to see. 注意:關(guān)系代詞whom在口語和非正式語體（僅指說話的場合）中常用who代替, 可省略。 (3) t

3、he man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 3. that作為引導(dǎo)詞，指人，在定語從句中作主語、賓語或表語 （1）i want to be a guy that she is.(表語) （2）the boys that are playing football are from class one.（主語） （3）mr. ling is just the boy that i want to see.(賓語) 先行詞為物 1.which指物,在定語從句中做主語或者賓語,做賓語時可省略 (1) football is a game which i

4、s liked by most boys. (2) this is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 2.that 指物,相當(dāng)于which。在賓語從句中做主語或者賓語,做賓語時可省略。 (5) the number of the people that/who e to visit the city each year rises one million. (6) where is the man that/whom i saw this morning? whose通常指人,也可指物,在定語從句中做定語(這里呢建議主要從句意上來體會不同) (1) he

5、 has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) i once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. whose指物時,常用以下結(jié)構(gòu)來代替 (3) the classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. (4) the classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. (5) do you like the book whose cover is yellow? (6) do y

6、ou like the book the color of which is yellow? 介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句 關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中做介詞賓語時,從句常由介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)（1.作用是什么，充當(dāng)什么成分。2.介詞的選?。?解釋： do you know the lady with whom our manager is talking in the office? do you know the lady whom our manager is talking with in the office? 及物動詞詞組 talk: talk 是不及物動詞 vi. 談話, 說, 討論, 商

7、議, 演講傳達(dá)意思, 通話, 通訊(會)說話; 有講話的能力說閑話; 揭人隱私, 傳播小道消息 實質(zhì)上，介詞+代詞=副詞（在作用上） 規(guī)那么：指“人”，用“介詞whom”； 如果指“物”，用“介詞which” (1) the school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous. (2) the school in which he once studied is very famous. (3) tomorrow i will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for. (4) to

8、morrow i will bring here a magazine for which you asked. (5) we”ll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/wh o) we have often talked about. (6) we”ll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked. 注意:1.含有介詞的動詞短語一般不拆開使用,如:look for, look after, take care of (1) this is the watch which/

9、that i am looking for. (t) (2) this is the watch for which i am looking. (f) 2.假設(shè)介詞放在關(guān)系代詞前,關(guān)系代詞指人時用whom,不可用who或者that;指物時用which,不能用that;關(guān)系代詞是所有格時用whose (1) the man with whom you talked is my friend. (t) (2) the man with who/that you talked is my friend. (f) (3) the plane in which we flew to canada is

10、 very fortable. (t) (4) the plane in that we flew in to canada is very fortable. (f) 3.“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代詞或者數(shù)詞 (1) he loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.（be kind of） (2) in the basket there are quite many apples, some of which

11、have gone bad. (3) there are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities. 關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句 1. when指時間,在定語從句中做時間狀語 (1) i still remember the day when i first came to the school. (2) the time when we got together finally came. 2. where指地點,在定語從句中做地點狀語 (1) shanghai is the city where i

12、 was born. (2) the house where i lived ten years ago has been pulled down. 3. why指原因,在定語從句中做原因狀語 (1) please tell me the reason why you missed the plane. (2) i don”t know the reason why he lo oks unhappy today. 注意:關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的從句可以由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的從句替換 (1) the reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is

13、 not clear,(一般用for) (2) from the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up. (3) great changes have taken place in the city where i was born . 限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句 限制性定語從句舉例: (1) the teacher told me that tom was the only person that i could depend on. (2) c

14、hina is a country which has a long history. 非限制性定語從句舉例: (1) his mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him. (2) china, which was founded in 1949, is being more and more powerful. 要注意區(qū)分以下幾個句子的不同 i ,believe it a not , is a boy. 判斷：是否影響整句話的完整性。 (1) his brother who is now a doctor always encour

15、ages him to go to college. 他那當(dāng)醫(yī)生的哥哥常鼓勵他要考上大學(xué)。(他還有其他的哥哥) (2) his brother, who is now a doctor, always encourages him to go to college. 他的哥哥是當(dāng)醫(yī)生的,常鼓勵他要考上大學(xué)。(他只有一個哥哥) 難點分析 (一)限制性定語從句只能用that的幾種情況 1.領(lǐng)先行詞是anything, everything, nothing (something除外), few, all, none, little, some等代詞時,或者是由every, any, all, so

16、me, no, little, few, much等修飾時 (1) have you taken down everything that mr. li has said? (2) there seems to be nothing that seems impossible for him in the world. (3) all that can be done has been done. (4) there is little that i can do for you. 注意:領(lǐng)先行詞指人時,偶爾也可以用who (4) any man that/.who has a sense o

17、f duty won”t do such a thing.(默認(rèn)沒有) 2.領(lǐng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾 (1) the first place that they visited in london was the big ben. 3.領(lǐng)先行詞被形容詞最高級或比擬級修飾時 (1) this is the best film that i have seen. 4.領(lǐng)先行詞被very, only修飾時 (1) this is the very dictionary that i want to buy, (2) after the fire in his house, the old car is

18、the only thing that he owned. 領(lǐng)先行詞指人時,偶爾也可以用who (3) wang hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting/ 5.領(lǐng)先行詞前面有who, which等疑問代詞時 (1) who is the man that is standing there? (2) which is the t-shirt that fits me most? 6.領(lǐng)先行詞既有人,也有動物或者物體時 (1) can you remember the scientist and his t

19、heory that we have learned? 只用which, whom 1. .領(lǐng)先行詞有限定性修飾詞時 what was the name of the war in the usa which lasted 5 years? 2. 領(lǐng)先行詞是one, ones, anyone,等時用who; those做先行詞時,指人用who, 指物用which those who want to go to the great wall sign up here. he who has never been to the great wall is not a true man. 3. 介詞

20、+which, whom (二)關(guān)系代詞as和which引導(dǎo)的定語從句 l as和which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,有相同之處也有不同之處。具體情況是: 1.as和which都可以在定語從句中做主語或者賓語,代表前面整個句子。 (1) he married her, as/which was natural (2) he was honest, as/which we can see. 2. as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,可放在主句之前,或者主句之后,甚至可以切割一個主句;which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句只能放在主句之后。另外,as有“正如,正像”的意思 (1) as is known to all

21、, china is a developing country. (2) he is from the south, as we can see from his aent. (3) john, as you know, is a famous writer. (4) he has been to paris more than several times, which i don”t believe. 注意:當(dāng)主句和從句存在邏輯上的因果關(guān)系時,常用which (5) tom was always late for school, which made his teacher angry. 3

22、.領(lǐng)先行次受such, the same修飾時,常用as (1) i have never heard such a story as he tells. (2) he is not such a fool as he looks. (3) this is the same book as i lost last week. 注意:領(lǐng)先行次由the same修飾時,偶爾也用that引導(dǎo)定語從句,但是和由as所引導(dǎo)的定語從句意思不同 (4) she wore the same dress that she wore at mary”s wedding.（同一事物） 她穿著她在mary婚禮上穿過的

23、一條裙子。 (5) she wore the same dress as her young sister wore.（非同一事物） 她穿著和她妹妹所穿的一樣的裙子。 (三)以the way為先行詞的定語從句通常由in which, that引導(dǎo),而且通?？梢允÷?。?？?1 way作先行詞,如果是在定語從句中 是作主語或賓語 與其他名詞做先行詞 用法一樣 如 this is the way that/which he helps me a lot 作主語 這就是 對我?guī)椭艽蟮姆椒?this is the way that/which /省略he told me 作賓語 這就是他告訴我的那種方

24、法 2 way作先行詞,如果是在定語從句中 作狀語 有三種引導(dǎo)方法 a .the way in which b. the way that c. the way 省略關(guān)系詞 如 this is the way /in which/that/ he studies english 這就是他學(xué)習(xí)英語的方法the way 在定從中 作方式狀語 修飾 學(xué)習(xí) 也就是 他用這種方法 學(xué)習(xí)英語 (四)區(qū)分定語從句和同位語從句 1.定語從句修飾先行詞,它和先行詞是修飾關(guān)系;同位語從句說明先行詞的具體內(nèi)容,是補充說明的關(guān)系，兩者性質(zhì)不同，地位不同 (1) the plane that has just take

25、n off is for london.定語從句 (2) the fact that he has been dead is clear.同位于從句 判斷：看缺不缺成分 2.定語從句由關(guān)系代詞或者關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo),關(guān)系詞在句中充當(dāng)成分,有時可以省略;同位語從句主要由that引導(dǎo),在句中一般不做成分，不能省略！;句子也可以由when, where, how, why, whether, what等詞引導(dǎo),充當(dāng)成分 (1) the news he told me is true. (2) the news that he has just died is true. 3) the problem that