(完整word)九年級英語定語從句講解與練習(xí)

1、一、 定義：在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句；被定語從句 所修飾的詞叫做先行詞。女口： 1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman.2) You must do everything that I do .引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞：關(guān)系代詞 that, which, who(賓格 who,所有格 whose)關(guān)系副詞 where, when、why關(guān)系詞的作用：1、引導(dǎo)定語從句2、代替先行詞3、在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個成分單詞作定語時通常放在它所修飾的詞之前，作前置定語。短語和從句作定語時則放在所修飾的詞之后，作后置定語。二、 關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)

2、的定語從句1. who 指人，在從句中做主語(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way .2. whom 指人，在定語從句中充當(dāng)賓語，?？墒÷?。(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about .注意：關(guān)系代詞 whomwhom 在口語和非正式語體中常用whowho 代替，可省略。(2) The man who/whom you met just now is my frien

3、d.3. which 指物，在定語從句中做主語或者賓語，做賓語時可省略(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys . ( which 在句子中做主語)(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday . ( which 在句子中做賓語)4. that 指人時，相當(dāng)于 who 或者 whom ;指物時，相當(dāng)于 which。在賓語從句中做主語或者賓語，做賓語時可省略。(1) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here.(在句子中

4、做主語 )(2) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning ?(在句子中做賓語)5. whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定語從句中做定語(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor .(2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in . whose 指物時，常用以下結(jié)構(gòu)來代替 The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.=The classroom the door of which i

5、s brokenwill soon be repaired. Do you like the book whose color is yellow ?=Do you like the book the color of which is yellow 注：that 用法(1)不用 that 的情況在引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句時。(錯)The tree, that is four hun dred years old, Is very famous here.(b)介詞后不能用。We depe nd on the land from which we get our food.We depe nd o

6、n the land that/which we get our food from.(2)只能用 that 作為定語從句的關(guān)系代詞的情況(a) 在 there be 句型中，只用 that，不用 which。(b) 在不定代詞，如：anything, nothing, the one, all(c)先行詞有 the only, the very, the same, the last, just(d) 先行詞為序數(shù)詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級時，只用(e)先行詞既有人，又有物時。Gate School定語從句練習(xí)Name:_等作先行詞時，只用that，不用 which。修飾時，只用 that。th

7、at,不能用 which。.先行詞指物，在主句中作表語時.(g) 為了避免重復(fù).(h) 先行詞是 the way 或 the reason 時，that 可作關(guān)系副詞，也可省略(i)主句的主語是疑問詞who /which 時e.g. Is this the book that you borrowed in the library?這是你在圖書館借的那本書嗎？Who that break the wi ndow should be puni shed .誰打碎了窗戶都要受到懲罰.All that is needed is a supply of oil.所需的只是供油問題。Fi nally,

8、the thief han ded everythi ng that he had stole n to the police.那賊最終把偷的全部東西交給了警察。三、關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語從句關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞：在句中作狀語關(guān)系副詞=介詞+關(guān)系代詞why=for whichwhere=in/ at/ on/ . which (介詞同先行詞搭配)when=during/ on/ in/ . which (介詞同先行詞搭配)1. where 指地點，在定語從句中做地點狀語用來表示地點的定語從句。(1) Shan ghai is the city where I was born. (2) The hous

9、e where I lived ten y ears ago has bee n pulled dow n.2. when 引導(dǎo)定語從句表示 時間。在定語從句中做時間狀語也可做連接詞用(1) I still remember the day whe n I first came to the school. (2) The time whe n we got together fin ally came.注表示時間“timetime一詞的定語從句只用 whenwhen 引導(dǎo)，有時不用任何關(guān)系代詞. .By the time you arrived in London, we had staye

10、d there for two weeks.你到達(dá)倫敦時，我們在那里已待了兩個星期。I still remember the first time I met her. 我仍然記得我第一次見到她。Each time he goes to bus in ess trip, he brings a lot of livi ng n ecessities, such as towels, soap, toothbrush etc。3. why 指原因在定語從句中做原因狀語(1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane. (2) I don

11、 t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.注意：關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的從句可以由介詞+ +關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的從句替換(1) The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear,(2) From the year whe n/in which he was going to school he bega n to know what he wan ted whe n he grew up.注：1)介詞后面的關(guān)系代詞不能省略。2) that 前不能有介詞。3)某些在從句中充當(dāng)時間，

12、地點或原因狀語的”介詞+關(guān)系詞”結(jié)構(gòu)可以同關(guān)系副詞 when ,where 和 why 互換。This is the house in which I lived two years ago. =This is the house where I lived two years ago.Do you remember the day on which you joined our club? =Do you remember the day whe n you joined our club?This is the reas on why he came late. =This is the

13、reas on for which he came late.定語從句練習(xí)題一、請劃出定語從句，并標(biāo)出先行詞 )1. Check the ways you study for an English test.2. Another thing that I found very difficult was English grammar.3. You couldn t understand people who talked fast4. . I have some ideas that may help.5. They said somethi ng you didn t like.6. Ca

14、n you think of any problems you have had recently?8. He would always take pride in everything good I do. 9. My friends and I talked about the rules that we have in school.10. What are some of the rules that a teenager should obey? 12. If you know anyone else who collects them, please tell me.13. Sta

15、nding very close to the person you are talking with is quite common in some countries.14. If you know someone you know doing this, you can ask them.15. All I ever wanted to do was traveling.二、用關(guān)系代詞填空： that 、which 、 who、 whom 、 whose1. This is the man _ wants to see you.2. The student _ answered the

16、question is Zhang Hua.3. The man _ you went to see has come. 4. The man _ I met yesterday lent me some money.5. The woman _ you saw is our geography teacher. 6. The runner _ you are asking about is over there.7. The person _ you should write to is Mr. Ball.8. The man _was passing by saw what happene

17、d.9. Here is the pen _ you lost the day before yesterday. 10. These books _ you lent me were very useful.11. The storybook _ I have just read cannot be easily forgotten. 12. A clock is a machine _ tells people the time.13. This is shirt _ I bought yesterday.14. A dictionary is a book _ gives the mea

18、ning to the word.15. The book _ is on the table is mine. 16. The film _ they are talking about is very interesting.17. I will never forget the people and the places _ I have ever visited. 18. Is there anyone _ family is in Beijing?19. Show me the boy _ mother is a well-known singer. 20. The boy_ fat

19、her is a teacher is good at English.三、單項選擇( ) 1. Your teacher of Chinese is a young lady_ comes from Beijing.A. whoB. whichC. whomD. whose( ) 2. What s the name of the program_ .A. which are listening B. you are listening to C. to that you are listening D. that you are listening( ) 3. The students w

20、ere all interested _ you told them yesterday.A. in which B. in that this C. all that D. in everything( ) 4. He was the only person in his office_ was invited.A. whomB. whoseC. thatD. which() 5. This is the museum_ we visited last year.A. whereB. in whichC. whichD. in that() 6. Charlie told his mothe

21、r all_ had happened.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. who( ) 7. Do you know the student_ ?A. whom I often talkB. with who I often talk C. I often talk withD. that I often talk( ) 8. I like the house_ windows face south.A. whoseB. who s C. its D. its( ) 9. Would you tell me where to get the dictionary _?A. wh

22、at I need B.I need C. which I need itD. that I need it( )10. The young woman_ I spoke just now is a young doctor.A. who B. to whom C. whom D. that練習(xí)答案：一、 注：（劃了線的是定語從句）方框里的詞是先行詞1.Check he ways you study for an English test. （2.Another thing that I found very difficult was English grammar.3.You couldn

23、 t understanpeople who talked fast.4.I have some ideas that may help.5.They said something you didn t like.6.Can you thi nk ofny problems you have had rece ntly?8.He would always take pride in everything good I do.9.My friends and I talked about the_rules_that we have in school.10. What are some of

24、the rules hat a tee nager should obey?12.If you know anyone else who collects them, please tell me.13. Sta nding very close to |the pers on |you are talk ing with is quite com mon in some coun tries.14. If you know s|omeone bou know doing this, you can ask them.15. All I ever wan ted to do was trave

25、li ng.二、 用關(guān)系代詞填空： that、which、who、whom、whose1.This is the man _that who_ wants to see you.2.The stude nt_that who_ an swered the questio n is Zhang Hua.3.The man_ that who_you went to see has come.4.The man_ that who _whom_ I met yesterday lent me some mon ey.5.The woma n_that who whom_ you saw is our geography teacher.6.The runner_ that who whom_ you are ask ing about is over there.7.The pers on_ that who