2022年2022年高考英語句法復習專題-狀語從句

1、精選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載高三英語總復習之句子系列復習（4）狀 語 從 句一.常見狀語從句簡介概說：由從句擔任的狀語,在句子中可修飾謂語（或其它動詞）.形容詞.副詞或為整個句子,它可以用來表示時間.地點.緣由.目的.結果.條件.方式.比較.讓步等；狀語從句為一較大的語法項目,也為近幾年高考題中常見的一個重要試點；高考中已考查了時間.讓步.地點.條件.目的等狀語從句,這些從句仍為今后高考熱點,應作充分預備；（一）時間狀語從句表示時間的狀語從句可由when、 as、 while、 whenever、 after、 before、 tilluntil、since、 once、 as soon

2、 as 或 the精品學習資料精選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載moment 、 by the time、 no soonerthan、 hardly scarcelye.g. when i came into the office、 the teachers were having a meeting. he started as soon as he received the news.once you see him、 you will never forget him.no sooner had i gone to bed than i went to sleep.（二）緣由狀語從句等

3、引w導he；n、 every time精品學習資料精選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載緣由狀語從句為表示緣由或理由的,引導這類從句的最常用的連詞為because、 since、 as 、 now tha（t for表示因果關系時（它引導的不為從句）為并列連詞,語氣不如because強；e.g. he is disappointed because he didn't get the position. as it is raining、 i will not go out.now that you mention it、 i do remember.（三）地點狀語從句引導地點狀語從句的連

4、詞為where 和 wherever 等；e.g. sit wherever you like.make a mark where you have a question.（四）目的狀語從句既然）等,精品學習資料精選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載引導目的狀語從句最常用的詞（組）為so、 so that（從句謂語常有情態(tài)動詞）、 in order that、 in case （以防,以免）等；e.g. speak clearly、 so that they may understand you.she has bought the book in order that she could fol

5、low the tv lessons. he left early in case he should miss the train.（五）結果狀語從句結果狀語從句為表示事態(tài)結果的從句,通常主句為緣由,從句為結果；由so that （從句謂語一般沒有情態(tài)動詞） 、 sothat、 such等th引at導；e.g. she was ill、 so that she didn t attend the meeting. he was so excited that he could not say a word.she is such a good teacher that everyone ad

6、mires her.（六）條件狀語從句條件狀語從句分真實性（有可能實現的事情）與非真實性（條件與事實相反或者在說話者看來不大可能實現的事情） 條件句； 引導條件狀語從句的詞（組） 主要有 if、 unless、 so as long as、 on condition that、 so as far as、 if only = if ；留意：條件從句中的if不能用 whether 替換；e.g. if he is not in the office、 he must be out for lunch. you may borrow the book so long as you keep it

7、clean.so far as i know （據我所知） 、 he will be away for three months.you can go swimming on condition that = if you don t go too far away from the river bank. if he had come a few minutes earlier、 he could have seen her.（七）讓步狀語從句精品學習資料精選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載讓步狀語從句可由although、 though、 as、 even ifthough、 however

8、、 wha tever、 whetheror、 no matter whowhen、 what、等引導；留意：as 引導的讓步狀語從句一般為倒裝的；e.g. though he is a child、 he knows a lot. child as he is、 he knows a lot.whatever = no matter what you say、 i ll never change my mind.（八）方式狀語從句方式狀語從句常由as、 as if though、 the way、 rather than 等引導；e.g. you must do the exercise a

9、s i show you. he acted as if nothing had happened.（九）比較狀語從句比較狀語從句常用than、 so asas、 the morethe等m引or導e ；e.g. i have made a lot more mistakes than you have. he smokes cigarettes as expensive as he can afford. the busier he is、 the happier he feels.（十）使用狀語從句時要留意的幾個問題1.在時間和條件 （有時也在方式.讓步等） 從句中, 主句為一般將來時,從

10、句通常用一般現在時表示將來；e.g. we ll go outing if it doesn t rain tomorrow. i ll write to you as soon as i get to shanghai.2.有些時間.地點.條件.方式或讓步從句,假如從句的主語與主句主語一樣（或雖不一樣,為it）,從句的謂語又包含動詞be ,就可省略從句中的“主語+ be ”部分；e.g. when he was still a boy of ten、 he had to work day and night. if you are asked you may come in.if it is

11、 necessary i ll explain to you again.3.留意區(qū)分不同從句：引導的為什么從句,不僅要依據連詞,仍要依據句子結構和句意來判別；以where為例,能引導多種從句；e.g. you are to find it where you left it.（地點狀語從句）tell me the address where he lives.（定語從句,句中有先行詞） i don t know where he came fro（m.賓語從句）where he has gone is not known yet. （主語從句） this place is where the

12、y once hid. （表語從句）二.狀語從句考點透視筆者依據近年高考試題,將狀語從句的考點作了較為全面的歸納,讓考生在復習備考時,明確狀語從句在高考中到底考什么.怎樣考；考點一：時間狀語從句1. when 、while 、as的用法：when意為“當 /在時,每當” ；while 意為“在期間” ,從句的謂語必需為連續(xù)性動詞；as 意為“一邊一邊,隨著”,動詞通常為動作動詞；如：（ 1） he transplanted the little tree to the garden it was the best time for it .a. whereb. whenc. thatd. un

13、til解析：選b , when 引導時間狀語從句,句意為：在最合適的時候,他將小樹移植了；（ 2） -i , m going to the post office.- you rtehere 、can you get me some stamps.a. asb. whilec. becaused. if解析 :雖然 as 和 while 都可表示“在期間”,但 as 要與動作動詞連用,而此題的“are there”為狀態(tài),不為動作,只能用while ,應選 b；精品學習資料精選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載2. before的用法：before 的本意為“在之前” ,依據詳細語境仍可懂得為“仍

14、沒來得及/仍沒有就,趁著仍沒就,不知不覺就,才”等；如：（ 3） the american civil war lasted four years the north won in the end .a. afterb. beforec. whend. then解析：美國內戰(zhàn)“在北方獲勝之前”連續(xù)了四年,應選b；（ 4） someone called me up in the middle of the night、but they hung up i could answer the phone.a. asb. sincec.untild. before解析：選d ,句意為：有人半夜打來電話

15、,但為我仍沒來得及接,對方就掛了電話；3 until和 till的用法：與確定式的主句連用,主句謂語必需為連續(xù)性動詞,till/ until表示 “直到” ；與否定式的主句連用,且主句謂語為終止性動詞時,till/ until表示“直到才”；如：（ 5） we were told we should follow the main road we reached the central railway.a. wheneverb. untilc. whiled. wherever解析：選b ,句意為：有人告知我們,我們應當沿著這條主道往前走,直走到中心火車站；（ 6） -was his fath

16、er very strict with him when he was at school .-yes .he had never praised him he became one of the top students in his grade.a. afterb. unlessc. untild. when解析：選c,句意為：直到他成為全級最優(yōu)秀的同學,他父親才夸獎他；4表示“一就”的四類從屬連詞：as soon as= the momentthat; = the minutethat ; = the secondthat; = the instantthat ;= immediatel

17、ythat; = directlythat; = instantlythat;= no soonerthan; = hardlywhen.如：7 did you remember to give mary the money you owed her . yes 、i gave it to her i saw her.a whileb. the momentc.suddenlyd.once解析：選b ,句意為“我一觀察她就仍給她了”,應選b；雖然once 也可表示“一就”但含有很強的條件意味,即“一旦”,不合語境；5可引導時間狀語從句的time短語：every time、each time、t

18、he next time、 thelast time、by the time、the first time、any time等以 time 結尾的短語可引導從句；如：（ 8） i thought her nice and honesti met her.a. first timeb. for the first timec. the first timed. by the first time解析：選項中只有the first time 可引導時間狀語從句,應選c； 6 it besince/before/when句型：“ it be + 時間段 +since”表示“自從以來有多久了”,但如從

19、句謂詞為延緩性動詞時,就意為“（多久）不做了” ；“ it be + 時間段 +before”表示“過之后才”,如 be 為否定式,就表示“沒過就”；“ it be + 時間點 + before”表示“在之前,時間為”；“ it be + 時間點 +when”表示“當時,時間為”；如：（ 9） it is almost five years we saw each other last time.a. beforeb. sincec.afterd. when解析：由句意“我們自上次見面以來已經五年了”可知選b；其中 it is 也可說成 it has been.（ 10） that was r

20、eally a splendid evening .it s yearsi enjoyed myself so much.a whenb. thatc. befored. since解析：在it 后為 is 、從句謂語為一般過去時,應用since,應選 d； enjoy 為延緩性動詞,表示“多年沒這么歡樂過了”；精品學習資料精選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載（ 11） it was some timewe realize the truth.a. whenb. untilc. sinced. before解析：由句意“過了一段時間之后,我們才明白事情的真相”可知用before,應選 d；（ 1

21、2） it was eveningreached the little town of winchester.a. thatb. untilc.sinced. before解析：由句意“我們在到達winchester 這個小鎮(zhèn)之前,天就黑夜了”可知用before,應選 d ；（ 13） did jack come back early last night. yes.it was not yet eight o , clockhe arrived home.a. beforeb.whenc. thatd. until解析：由句意“ （當）他回來時,仍不到8 點”可知用when,應選 b；考點二

22、：地點狀語從句引導地點狀語從句的從屬連詞有where在的地方 或 wherever 在的任何地方等；如：（ 14） the famous scientist grew uphe was born and in 1930 he came to shanghai.a. whenb. wheneverc. whered. wherever解析：表示“在他誕生的地方”,用 where 引導地點狀語從句,應選c；考點三：條件狀語從句引導條件狀語從句的從屬連詞有if 、unless=ifnot 假如不,除非, as/so long as 、while=as long as只要 ,supposingthat

23、、provided/providingthat、in case假使 , on condition that 在的條件下 等；如：（ 15） the wto cannot live up to its nameit does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind.a. as long asb. whilec. ifd. even though解析： 選 c,句意為 “假如 wto 不包括一個占人類五分之一人口的國家,那么世貿組織也就名不符實了；”另外, as long as 表示惟一條件,語氣過重；（ 16） it

24、is known to all thatyou exercise regularly、you won t keep good health.a. unlessb. wheneverc.althoughd. if解析：由句意“假如你不常常錘煉,你就沒有好的身體”可知用unless,應選 a ；17 i know the money is safe、i shall not worry about it.a. even thoughb. unlessc. as long asd. while解析：選c,句意為：只要我知道這引起錢為安全的,我就不擔憂了；考點四：目的狀語從句引導目的狀語從句的從屬連詞有

25、so that 、 in order that 為了,以便 ；in case以防,以免 ,lest免得,以防 , for fear that 以免,惟恐 等；從句中一般含有can 、 could、 may、might 、will、would等情態(tài)動詞；如：（ 18） id like to arrive 20 minutes earlyi can have time for a cup of tea.a. as soon asb. as a resultc. in cased. so that解析：選d ,句意為：為了有時間喝杯茶,我想早到20 分鐘；（ 19） i always take so

26、mething to read when i go to the doctor si have to wait.a. in caseb. so thatc. in orderd. as if解析：去看病時帶些讀物,明顯為“以防萬一”需要久等時好閱讀,應選a ；考點五：緣由狀語從句引導緣由狀語從句的從屬連詞有because、since、now that、when 既然 、as、seeing that 由于 、considering that、given that 考慮到 等；如：（ 20） parents should take seriously their children s reques

27、ts for sunglasseseye protection is necessary in sunnyweather.a. becauseb.thoughc. unlessd. if精品學習資料精選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載解析：“艷陽天里有必要愛護眼睛”為“父母親應當仔細對待孩子們買太陽鏡的要求”的緣由,應選a ；（ 21） everybody knows about it 、i don t want to talk any more.a. forb. evenc. sinced. however解析：答案為c；句意為：既然大家都明白此事,我就不多說了；（ 22） youve got

28、 a chance、you might as well make full use of it.a now thatb. afterc. althoughd. as soon as解析：選a ,句意為：既然你有機會,你不妨充分利用它；（ 23） why do you want a new jobyouve got such a good one already.a. thatb. wherec. whichd. when解析：選d ,句意為：既然你有了這么好的一份工作,干嗎不要找新的工作呢？考點六：讓步狀語從句引導讓步狀語從句的從屬連詞有although、though、as、while 雖然

29、、even if/though 即使 、whetheror不論不管仍為以及“疑問詞+ever”和“ no matter + 疑問詞”等；如：（ 24）, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class.a. a quiet student as he may beb. quiet student as he may bec. be a quiet student as he mayd. quiet as he may be a student解析： as 引導讓步狀語從句時,表語.狀語等要置于句首；當表語為單數名詞前時,前面的不定冠詞

30、通常省略,應選；（ 25） i accept that he is not perfect、i do actually like the person.a. whileb. sincec. befored.unless解析：由句意“盡管我承認他并不十全十美,但我的確喜愛他”可知用while （盡管）,應選 a；（ 26） there was never any time for kate to feel lonely、she was an only child.a. ever sinceb. now thatc. even thoughd. even as解析：選c,句意為：盡管kate 為獨

31、生女,但她從未感到孤獨；（ 27） -dad、i ve finished my assignment.-good、andyou play or watch tv、you mustn t disturb me.a. wheneverb. whetherc. whateverd. no matter解析：選b ,句意為：不管你玩仍為看電視,你千萬不要打攪我；（ 28） he tried his best to solve the problem、difficult it was.a howeverb.no matterc.whateverd. although解析：因difficult為形容詞,修

32、飾形容詞要用連接副詞however（不管多么） ,應選 a；注：英語中,表示“雖然,盡管”之類的連詞不行與表示“但為”的詞but 和副詞however 等連用,但可與 yet 、still 等連用；如：（ 29） although he is considered a great writer、.a. his works are not widely readb. but his works are not widely readc. however his works are not widely readd. still his works are not widely read解析： a

33、lthough 不與 but 或 however 連用, 排除 b 和 c；雖可與 still 連用, 但 still 應放在 are 之后, 排除 d； 應選 a ；考點七：狀語從句的連詞這為狀語從句最常見的考查形式,命題意圖為檢測考生對規(guī)律關聯詞的實際運用才能；近年來考查的熱點聚焦于：精品學習資料精選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載1). 引導時間狀語從句的when、 while、 as、 before、 until、 since；引導條件狀語從句的unless、once；引導地 點狀語從句的where 以及引導目的或結果 狀語從句的so that 等這些一般連詞；2). 引導時間狀語從句的

34、the moment 、 immediately ；引導條件狀語從句的in case；引導緣由狀語從句的 now that和引導讓步狀語從句的even if , even though 等這些特別連詞；例如： . it was some time we realized the truth.a. whenb. untilc. sinced. before . - why didn t you tell him about the meeting.- he rushed out of the room i could say a word.a. beforeb. untilc. whend. a

35、fter簡析：before 說明主句謂語動詞與從句謂語動詞之間的先后關系,有“在以前” 、 “沒來得及就”,“不等就”的意思如句 ；句考查的為句型it + be +時間段+ before. 過了 /要過如干時間某人才做某事； . you tried it、 you can t imagine how pleasant it is.a. unlessb. becausec. althoughd. when簡析： unless 意為“除非,如不” ,相當于if not ； . if you are traveling the customs are really foreign to your o

36、wn、 please do as the romans do.a. in whichb. whatc. whend. where簡析：句中where the customs are really foreign to your own為地點狀語從句,in which用于引導定語從句,因而不選a 項； . i d like to arrive 20 minutes early i can have time for a cup of tea.a. as soon asb. as a resultc. in cased. so that簡析：句中so that（以便）引導的為目的狀語從句； . y

37、oud better take something to read when you go to see the doctor you have to wait.a. even ifb. as ifc. in cased. in order that簡析：句中in case（以防萬一）引導的為條件狀語從句； . - did you remember to give mary the money you owed her.- yes 、 i gave it to her i saw her .a. whileb. the momentc. suddenlyd. once簡析： the momen

38、t （一就）引導時間狀語從句,與as soon as immediately 相同； . there was never any time for kate to feel lonely 、 she was an only child.a. ever sinceb. now thatc. even thoughd. even as簡析： even though she was an only child（盡管她為獨生子女）為讓步狀語從句；考點八：狀語從句的時態(tài)主要考查1. 在時間.條件.讓步等狀語從句中用一般現在時表示將來的時間；2. when、 before 、 after 引導的從句的動作

39、與主句動作的先后關系；例如： . - what could you do if it tomorrow.- we have to carry it on 、 since we ve got everything ready.a. rainb. rainsc. will raind. is raining . when the old man to walk back to his house、 the sun itself behind the mountain.a. started; had already hiddenb. had started ; had already hiddenc

40、. had started; was hidingd. was starting ; hid簡析：如主從句的動作先后發(fā)生在過去,通常先發(fā)生的用過去完成時；before、 after 本身已能表達動作的先后關系,所以主從句的動作都可用一般過去時；考點九：狀語從句的強調精品學習資料精選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載主要考查如何強調not until 引導的時間狀語從句和because引導的緣由狀語從句；例如： it was not until she got home jennifer realized she had lost her keys.a. whenb. thatc. whered.

41、before簡析：強調句的基本結構為it is/was + 被強調部分 +that/who. 要判定一個句子為不為強調句,可以把 it is/was . that/who. 去掉,適當調整語序,假如句子完整,那肯定為強調句；not until. 句型的強調句形式為 it was not until . that. ；考點十：狀語從句的成分省略主要考查在時間.條件.緣由.讓步.方式等狀語從句中的成分省略問題或依據省略情形解決問題的才能；例如： . the research is so designed that once nothing can be done to change it.a. b

42、eginsb. having begunc. beginningd. begun . while watching television、 .a. the doorbell rangb. the doorbell ringsc. we heard the doorbell ringd. we heard the doorbell rings簡析：句中once begun 實際上就為once it is begun 的省略形式；解答句時要考慮到狀語從句成分省略的前提條件,那就為：主從句主語相同,且從句中含有be 動詞,因此我們可從watchingtelevision 判定出主從句的主語都應為we

43、 ,再由 rings 的形式錯誤排除d；考點十一：狀語從句的語氣這方面近年來較少考查；內容包括：1). as if /as though 從句.wish 引導的賓語從句以及if only.（ 但愿, 要為就好了）句子的虛擬情形：用一般過去時表示對現在的虛擬,用過去完成時表示對過去的虛擬；2). if 引導的非真實條件句；例如： . when a pencil is partly in a glass of water 、 it looks as if it .a. breaksb. has brokenc. were brokend. had been broken簡析：從句子供應的語境看來,

44、筆并沒有真的折斷,因此從句應用虛擬語氣；由于主從句動作為同時發(fā)生的,因而選項c 為正確答案； . you didn t let me drive. if we in turn、 you so tired.a. drove; didn t getb. drove; wouldn t getc. were driving; wouldn t gdet. had driven; wouldn t have got考點十二：狀語從句或主句的語序一般情形下,引導狀語從句的連詞應放在從句之首,其后用陳述句語序；但要留意以下幾種倒裝情形：1. “ only +狀語從句”位于句首,主句用部分倒裝語序,從句語序

45、不變；例如： only when the war was over to his hometown.a. did the young soldier returnb. the young soldier returned.c. returned the young soldierd. the young soldier did return2. not until從句被提到句首時,主句用部分倒裝語序,從句語序不變；例如： not until all the fish died in the river how serious the pollution was.a. did the villa

46、gers realizeb. the villagers realizedc. the villagers did realized. didn't the villagers realize3.表示“一就” 的兩個常見結構“ no sooner than.”和“ hardly.when. ”,當 no sooner 和“ hardly位于句首時,主句用部分倒裝語序,且用過去完成時態(tài)；例如： - did linda see the traffic accident.- no、 no sooner than it happened.a. had she goneb. she had go

47、nec. has she goned. she has gone精品學習資料精選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載4. so/such.that （ 如 此以 致） 結 構 中 , so或such位 于 句 首 加 強 語 氣 時 , 主 句 用 部分倒裝語序；例如： so difficult it to work out the problem that i decided to asked tom for advice.a. i did findb. did i findc. i have foundd. have i found簡析：該句的正常語序為i found it so difficu

48、lt to work out the problem that i decided to ask tom for advice .5. as 引導的讓步狀語從句要用倒裝語序；被提前的部分可以為從句的表語.狀語或動詞原形；如被前置的表語為單數名詞時,須省略冠詞；例如： . 、 carolina couldn t get the door open.a. try as she mightb. as she might tryc. she might as tryd. might she as try . 、 he talks a lot about his favorite singers aft

49、er class.a. a quiet student as he may beb. quiet student as he may bec. be a quiet student as he mayd. quite as he may be a student6. however 或 no matter how 引導的讓步狀語從句的一般語序應為however/no matter how+ 形容詞 副詞 +主語+謂語動詞；例如：例如： well have to finish the job、 .a. long it take howeverb. it takes however longc.

50、long however it takesd. however long it takes7. 應留意 “the +比較級+主語 + 謂語動詞 、 the + 比較級 + 主語+謂語動詞”這一句型結構中的詞序；例如： as far as i am concerned 、 education is about learning and the more you learn 、 .a. the more for life you are equippedb. the more equipped for life you arec. the more life you are equipped fo

51、rd. you are equipped the more for life簡析：這一句型結構中的前半部分相當于一個條件狀語從句；.the more you learn 、 the more equipped for life you are . 相當于 .if you learn more 、 you are more equipped for life .1994-2021 高考試題狀語從句總匯1. how long has this bookshop been in business. 1982. 94 a. afterb. inc. fromd. since2. mother was

52、worried because little alice was ill、 especially father was away in france. 94 a. asb. thatc. duringd. if3. if we work with a strong will、 we can overcome any difficulty、 great it is. 95 a. whatb. howc. howeverd. whatever4. after the war、 a new school building was put up there had once been a theatr

53、e. 97 a. thatb. wherec. whichd. when5. i am going to the post office. you re there、 can you get me some stamps. 99 a. asb. whilec. becaused. if6. you should make it a rule to leave things you can find them again. 99 a. whenb. wherec. thend. there7. you vehgeoct ht ance、 you might as well make full u

54、se of it. 99 a. now thatb. afterc. althoughd. as soon as8. we ll have to finish the job、 . 99 a. long it takes howeverb. it takes however longc. long however it takesd. however long it takes9. someone called me up in the middle of the night、 but they hung up i could answer the phone. 00 a. asb. sincec. untild. before10. the wto cannot live up to its name it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of精品學習資料精選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載mankind. 00 a. as long asb. whilec. ifd. even though11. the men will have to wait all day the doctor works