Unit3Couldyoupleasetellmewheretherestroomsare重點(diǎn)知識(shí)歸納解析

1、在旁邊，在附近； 請(qǐng)?jiān)僬f(shuō)一遍，對(duì)不起 倉(cāng)促，急促； 建議，提議； 管理人員，職工； 中心的，中央的； 郵寄；發(fā)電子郵件； 東方的； 迷人的， 極有吸引力的 便利的，方便的 有禮貌的； 直接的 要求，請(qǐng)求 正確的。課程，學(xué)科向左轉(zhuǎn) 買一雙鞋子 在某人的右邊 沿著主大街走 吃飯 去三樓 走過(guò)書店 休息室有獨(dú)特之處 請(qǐng)?jiān)僬f(shuō)一次 過(guò)來(lái);加油 抓住某人的手 在去的路上路過(guò) 搖滾樂(lè)隊(duì) 一些吃的東西 寄信 在購(gòu)物中心 在某些場(chǎng)合 例如 引人一個(gè)請(qǐng)求 使用合適的語(yǔ)言 停車 地下停車庫(kù) 換錢Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are? 重點(diǎn)知識(shí)

2、歸納解析重點(diǎn)單詞】1. beside prep.2. pardon interj.3. rush v&n.4. suggest v.5. staff n.6. central adj.7. mail v.8. east adj.9. fascinating adj.10. convenient adj.11. polite adj.12. direct adj.13 request n&v.14. correct adj.15. course n. 【重點(diǎn)詞組】1. turn left2. get a pair of shoes3. on one's right4. g

3、o along Main Street5. have dinner6. go to the third floor7. go past the bookstore8. a room for resting9. be special about. .10. pardon me11. come on12. hold one ' s hand13. one one ' s way to.14. pass by15. a rock band16. something to eat17. mail a letter18. in the shopping center19. in some

4、 situations20. such as21. lead in to a request22. use proper language23. park one ' s car24. an underground parking lot25. change money26. the way to.為感謝某人期盼第一次見到某人 倉(cāng)促地做某事 做某事很方便27. travel to28. tha nk sb. for doing sth.29. look forward to 30 meet sb. for the first time 31in a rush to do sth.32.

5、 be convenient to do sth.【重點(diǎn)句型】1. not until You never know until you try something.凡事只有親身經(jīng)歷了才能了解。2. It seems (that)It seems a rock band plays there every eve ning.那里好像每天晚上都有樂(lè)隊(duì)演奏。3do you kno w.Excuse me, do you know where I can buy some medicine?打擾了，請(qǐng)問(wèn)哪里能買至U藥? 4. Could you please tell me. ?Could you

6、please tell me how to get to the post office?你能告訴我去郵局怎么走嗎？5 .1 won der.I wonder where we should go next.我想知道接下來(lái)該去哪里。6. sb. suggest+ 從句The clerk suggests they go to the. museum.工作人員建議他們?nèi)?博物館。【單元重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法】直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)（一）直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)的變化：1 .人稱的變化規(guī)律：一隨主，二隨賓，三不變2. 時(shí)態(tài)的變化規(guī)律：（1）如果主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)

7、不變。女口： He says ,"I like math-.-He says that he likes math.（2）如果主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 的時(shí)態(tài)要用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的某一種（一般過(guò)去時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)、過(guò)去完成時(shí)，即：am / is 變 was ; are 變 were; do /does變 did ; will 變 would ; can 變 could; did 不變或變 had done: have/ has done 變 had done ）注意：當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)是真理和事實(shí)時(shí)，變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)不變。（二）直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)

8、變法如下：1. 直接引語(yǔ)是陳述句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)用that, that可以省略。弓I號(hào)外面的said to sb要改為told sb :引號(hào)外面只有said時(shí)，保持不變。女口： He said , like i t very much. - He said that he liked it very much.練習(xí) He said to me ,“ I will learn math well.”Heihatlearn math well.2. 直接引語(yǔ)是一般疑問(wèn)句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)用if / whether,變?yōu)殛愂鼍湔Z(yǔ)序。弓I號(hào)外的saidto sb要改為asked sb,引號(hào)外面只有 sa

9、id時(shí),said改為asked，可以加一個(gè) me。女口 “ He said, “ Are you interested in Chinese?”He asked me if I was in terested in Chin ese.練習(xí)： She said to Tom ,” Do you work in the school?”Shein the school.3. 直接引語(yǔ)是特殊疑問(wèn)句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)仍用原來(lái)的疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)，變?yōu)殛愂鼍湔Z(yǔ)序。引號(hào)外的said to sb要改為asked sb,引號(hào)外面只有said時(shí),said改為asked，可以加一個(gè) me。女口：He said to me,

10、 “ What can I do for you? ”He asked me what he could do for me.練習(xí)：He said to Tom, “ How do you find it? ”Heit以上三種變化就是變成賓語(yǔ)從句。4. 直接引語(yǔ)是祈使句：1）肯定的祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，去掉引號(hào)，在動(dòng)詞前加to，引號(hào)外的said to sb要改為told / asked sb.即構(gòu)成：told/asked sb to do sth 結(jié)構(gòu)。女口： She said to her son, “ Open the doShe t6ld her son to open the doo

11、r.練習(xí)： He said to me, “ Liste n to me carefully.”Hetocarefully.2）否定的祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，去掉引號(hào)，把后面的don '改為not to.引號(hào)外的 said to sb 要改為 told / asked sb.，即構(gòu)成：told/asked sb notto do sth 結(jié)構(gòu)。女口： She said to her son,“ Don ' t open the door. ”She told her son not to ope n the door.練習(xí)： He said to me, “ Don'

12、t si ng in class. ”Hein class.鞏固練習(xí)：將所給直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)：1. She said to us ,“ I has bee n to New York.”Shethatbee n to New York.2. We said to them,“ Have you lear ned Fren ch?”Welear ned Fren ch.3. They said to us,“ When do you do homework? ”They askeddo homework.4. “ Keep quiet, children.” he said.Hethe ch

13、ildre nquiet.5. “ Don' t look out of the window,” she said to me.Shemeout of the wi ndow.6. The teacher said,“ The sun is bigger tha n the moon.”The teacherthat the sunbigger tha n the moon.【重點(diǎn)解析】Section A（ 1a 2d）a.詞匯包pardon vt.寬?。辉?；赦免；勞駕 n.饒恕，原諒；【備課例句】-Will you let me open it?'我能打開它嗎？'

14、Pard on?請(qǐng)?jiān)僬f(shuō)一遍Can I open it?我能打開它嗎【橫向輻射】pardon/excuse me/sorry的區(qū)別1. excuse me：雖然可以譯為 對(duì)不起”但它實(shí)際上是一種禮貌的語(yǔ)言形式，主要表達(dá)講話 者對(duì)受話者的敬重。下列場(chǎng)合較為常見：( 1 )向陌生人問(wèn)路，要引起對(duì)方的注意時(shí)，請(qǐng)求別人幫忙時(shí)。如： Excuse me, can you tell me where the post office is?(2) 需要打斷別人的談話，或要對(duì)別人剛講的內(nèi)容提出反對(duì)意見時(shí)，為了不顯得粗魯無(wú)禮， 常用 excuse meo 如：Excuse me, may I get in a w

15、ord?因故中途離席是中斷和別人的談話時(shí)。如：Excuse me, but I must go home now 2. sorry :常用于表示 對(duì)不起”和 遺憾”兩種意思，往往帶有較濃的賠不是”的色彩。多見 于下列場(chǎng)合：(1)由于不小心撞著別人或踩了別人的腳。如：Oh, sorry, did I step on your foot?因講話不當(dāng)或行為失誤而道歉。如：I ' m sorry, I don ' t meanto say it(3) 因不能幫助別人做某事而道歉。如：Sorry, I don ' t know it exactly(4) 聽到某種不幸消息而表示遺

16、憾。如：Tom is about to dieI am sorry to hear that(5) 當(dāng)你不愿說(shuō)不明確的事或不禮貌的事時(shí)。如： I ' m probably not making myself clear, sorry(6) 準(zhǔn)備拒絕別人的要求，反對(duì)別人做某事時(shí)。如：Sorry, I don ' t agree withyouExcuse me 通常在說(shuō)或做可能令人不悅的事情之前使用； 而 Sorry 在說(shuō)或做這種事情之后使 用，表示歉意。3. I beg your pardon可用于(正式場(chǎng)合)：做錯(cuò)事道歉；談話中提出異議以前；沒(méi)聽清對(duì)方的話，希望他重復(fù)一遍時(shí)(

17、可說(shuō)Beg pardon或Pardon,可用問(wèn)號(hào)，說(shuō)時(shí)用升調(diào)); (以不友好的語(yǔ)氣說(shuō))不相信對(duì)方的話是真實(shí)的；例如：I beg your pardon but that is my coat 對(duì)不起，可那是我的上衣呀。-The third answer is B 第三個(gè)答案是 B。-I beg your pardon . (Beg pardon . Pardon) 對(duì)不起，請(qǐng)?jiān)僬f(shuō)一遍好嗎？【課堂變式】 Please don't throw paper on the ground. , I won't.A. Excuse meB. That's all rightC. S

18、orryD. It doesn't matter【解析】考查日常交際用語(yǔ)。Excuse me意為"打擾了" ; That's all right意為"不用謝"Sorry 意為"對(duì)不起” ；It does n't matter意為"沒(méi)關(guān)系”。根據(jù)句意為 對(duì)不起，我不會(huì)的”所以選 擇 C 。b. 句式包：1. Excuse me, do you know where I can get some postcard?請(qǐng)問(wèn),你知道我在哪 買到明信片嗎？本句是問(wèn)路或問(wèn)處所的常用語(yǔ)，通常應(yīng)先說(shuō)excuse me,以引起對(duì)方

19、注意，也表示尊重對(duì)方。Excuse me. Could you tell me where Xianfeng Middle School is? 打擾了。請(qǐng)問(wèn)先鋒中學(xué)在哪兒？【橫向輻射】問(wèn)路的表示法英語(yǔ)中表達(dá)問(wèn)路或處所的句式有不少，下面介紹幾種常用的問(wèn)路的方法。 試譯：打擾了。請(qǐng)問(wèn)去書店怎么走？Excuse me. Could you tell me the way to the bookshop?Excuse me. Could you tell me how I can get to the bookshop?Excuse me. Could you tell me how to get

20、to the bookshop?Excuse me. Could you tell me where the bookshop is?Excuse me. Which is the way to the bookshop, please?Excuse me. Where ' s the bookshop, please?Excuse me. How can I get to the bookshop, please?【課堂變式】 , please. Could you tell me which BRT I can take to get to Jinan Railway Statio

21、n? Take No .15 bus and transfer to No B1 BRT.A. Excuse me B .Yes C. Sure D. Hello【解析】考查交際用語(yǔ)。由答語(yǔ)中“Take No .15 bus and transfer to No B1 BRT .（ 乘 15 路汽車）可知，問(wèn)句是說(shuō)話人在向別人打聽乘車路線。在向別人求助時(shí)，常用Excuse me（對(duì)不起，打擾了；勞駕 ）。故答案非 A 莫屬。其他三項(xiàng)都與題意不符，故都被排除，所以選擇 A。Section A（ 3a 3c）a. 詞匯包：suggestv. 建議，提議；【備課例句】My father sugges

22、ted calling for a doctor at once. 父親建議馬上請(qǐng)個(gè)醫(yī)生?！緳M向輻射】 suggest 的具體用法一、有 "建議 "的意思 .1） 接名詞作賓語(yǔ)She suggested an early start. 她建議早一點(diǎn)出發(fā) .2） 接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)I suggested putting off the sports meet. 我建議將運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)延期 .3）接that賓語(yǔ)從句，that從句用should+動(dòng)詞原形should可以省略.She suggested that the class meeting （should） not be held o

23、n Saturday. 她建議班會(huì)不要在星期六舉行 .4）接動(dòng)詞不定式復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)I suggested him giving up the foolish idea. 我建議他放棄那愚蠢的念頭 .二、有 "提出 "的意思 .He suggested a different plan to his boss. 他向老板提出了一個(gè)不同的計(jì)劃 .三、有"暗示、表明 "的意思 .其主語(yǔ)是事物 ，而不是人 .1）接名詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ) .Her pale face suggested bad health.她臉色蒼白 看來(lái)身體不好.The thought of sum

24、mer suggests swimming. 一想到夏天就使人們聯(lián)想到游泳 .2) 接賓語(yǔ)從句 ,從句用陳述語(yǔ)氣 .如:The decision suggested that he might bring his family. 這個(gè)決定表明他可以把家屬帶來(lái) .四、在主語(yǔ)從句 It is suggested that. 及名詞 suggestion 后面表示具體建議的表語(yǔ)從句、 同 位語(yǔ)從句都應(yīng)用 should+ 動(dòng)詞原形 ,should 可以省略 .如:It was suggested that we (should) give a performance at the party. 人們建

25、議我們?cè)谕頃?huì)上表演節(jié)目 .【課堂變式】The old suggests back the food to these villagers.A. give B. to give C. giving D. given【解析】 suggest 接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)表示建議做某事，故選 B。b. 句式包：1. I wonder where we should go next? 我想知道我們接著去哪兒？ 此句是由 where 引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句作賓語(yǔ)從句?！緜湔n例句】Can you tell me where we will have a picnic? 你能告訴我我們將在哪進(jìn)行野餐嗎？ 【橫向輻射】 賓語(yǔ)從句

26、用法小結(jié)賓語(yǔ)從句用法小結(jié)(一)、賓語(yǔ)從句根據(jù)引導(dǎo)詞的不同可分為三種類型：1. 由 that 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。女口： We knew (that) we should learn from each other.2. 由 if/whether 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。如：Please tell me if/whether you have been to America.3. 由 who，where，how 等連接代詞或連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。如：Can you tell me how I can get to the nearest post office ？(二 )、賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序 陳述句變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從

27、句，語(yǔ)序不變，即仍用陳述語(yǔ)序。如：He is an honest boy. The teacher said.t The teacher said (that) he was an honest boy. 一般疑問(wèn)句和特殊疑問(wèn)句變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句，語(yǔ)序變?yōu)殛愂稣Z(yǔ)序 。如：Does he work hard ？ I wonder t I wonder if/whether he works hard.When did he leave？I don 't know. tI don 't know when he left.(三) 、賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài) 如果主句是現(xiàn)在的時(shí)態(tài)，從句的時(shí)態(tài)可根據(jù)實(shí)

28、際情況而定。如：I have heard( that)he will come back next week. 如果主句是過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)，那么從句的時(shí)態(tài)一定要用過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)。如：He said( that) there were no classes yesterday. 注意：如果賓語(yǔ)從句表述的是客觀真理、自然現(xiàn)象等時(shí)，不管主句是什么時(shí)態(tài)，從句都要 用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如： He said that light travels much faster than sound.（四）、兩副面孔if 和 when 既能引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，又能引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句如：If it rains tomorrow ，I

29、 won't come（. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句）I don ' t know if it will rain tomorrow. （賓語(yǔ)從句）（五）、從句的簡(jiǎn)化1. 當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是 find ， see，watch， hear 等感官動(dòng)詞時(shí)，從句常簡(jiǎn)化為“賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，賓補(bǔ)為不帶 to 的不定式或 V-ing 形式。如：She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground.t She found the wallet lie/ly ing on the ground.2. 當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是hope, wish , decide

30、, forget, plan, agree等，且主句主語(yǔ)與從句主語(yǔ)相同時(shí)，從句可簡(jiǎn)化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。如：She agreed thatshe could help me with my math. tShe agreed to help me with my math.3. 在連接代詞 /副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中,當(dāng)從句主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)或間接賓語(yǔ)一致時(shí), 賓語(yǔ)從句可簡(jiǎn)化為 “連接代詞 /副詞不定式 ”結(jié)構(gòu)。如：Can you tell me how I can get to the station ？ t Can you tell me how to get to the station【課堂變式】1

31、. Have you ever seen the movie 2012?Yes, but I don't believethe year 2012 will see the end of the world.A. that B. what C. how D. if【解析】此題考查引導(dǎo)詞。從句為陳述句,常選擇連接詞that 或?qū)?that 省略,直接與主句相連。故選 A 。2 The policewoman asked the little boy .A. where did he live B. where he lived C. where he lives D. where doe

32、s he lives 【解析】此題考查賓語(yǔ)從句。賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述句語(yǔ)序,主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí),從句需用過(guò)去 范疇的時(shí)態(tài),故選 B 。2. You never know until you try something. 只有嘗試了才會(huì)知道。此句是由until引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句，not（never）until從句意為"直到 才”引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從 句?！緜湔n例句】I didn 'tknow the truth until I saw with my own eyes. 只到我親眼所見我才知道事情的真相。 【橫向輻射】 until 的句型until的句型1. 肯定句（延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞）+until+句

33、子.I will wait until he returns.我一直等他回來(lái).肯定句（延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞）+until+名詞或名詞短語(yǔ).I waited for him until 12 o我一直等他到 12 點(diǎn)。2. 否定句（瞬間動(dòng)詞）+until+句子.My mother had no idea of it un til I told her.我媽媽只到我告訴她才知道這事。否定句（瞬間動(dòng)詞）+until+名詞或名詞短語(yǔ).I wo n't leave un til 12 o'clock. 到 12 點(diǎn)我才會(huì)離開。3. not.until 強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)：It is/was not unt

34、il +從句/表時(shí)間詞語(yǔ)+that +肯定句.It was not until I told her that my mother had any idea of it.只到我告訴她，我媽媽才知道這事。4. not.until倒裝句（否定句才能倒裝，因?yàn)榫哂蟹穸ㄒ饬x的詞或短語(yǔ)在句首，句子部分倒 裝）結(jié)構(gòu)：Not until+從句/表時(shí)間詞語(yǔ)+主句（倒裝）Not until 12 o'clock will I leave.不到 12 點(diǎn)，我不會(huì)離開?！菊n堂變式】-Look! Here comes our school bus.-No hurry. Don't get on iti

35、t has stopped.A. until B. after C. since D. whe n解析句中有don't，可想not. until為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為"直到才”。答案A .Section B （2a 2e）a.詞匯包l.polite adj.有禮貌的；有教養(yǎng)的，文雅的；可用作表語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)，反義詞：rude, impolite;副詞：politely;常用搭配有：be polite to sb; it'spolite to do sth【備課例句】We should be polite to the old man.我們應(yīng)對(duì)老人有禮貌。【課堂變式】I think

36、 it isyou to give your seat to the old man on the bus.A. good of B. kind for C. polite of D. polite for【解析】介詞of用于代詞前表示某人的品質(zhì)，for表示對(duì)某人的利益關(guān)系。由句意可知，把座位讓給老人，說(shuō)明你的人品好。故選C。2. depend v.動(dòng)詞；依靠；依賴；信賴；決定于 表示“視, 而定；取決于 , ”，也是不及物詞 后接賓語(yǔ)時(shí)常與 on 或 upon 連用。 值得注意的是， depend on/ upon 作此意解時(shí)不可用于被動(dòng) 結(jié)構(gòu)。(1) 后接名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ)?！纠洹?The pr