Environmental Issues That Affect BP 影響B(tài)P的環(huán)境問題

1、Environmental Issues That Affect BP 影響B(tài)P的環(huán)境問題Rick SpiveyHSE Manager HSE經(jīng)理經(jīng)理BP/SECCOThe new BP BP新貌 What does BP do? BP業(yè)務范圍Oil Exploration - producing crude-oil which is transported to refineries. 石油開采-生產(chǎn)原油，然后輸送到煉油廠。Oil Refining - gas, petrol, diesel, heating oil, fuels for power stations, aeroplanes

2、, ships. 煉油-氣體、汽油、柴油、取暖用油以及發(fā)電廠、飛機和船舶用燃料。Chemical production - ingredients for making plastic, medicine, cosmetics, detergents. 化工-生產(chǎn)塑料、醫(yī)藥、化妝品和洗滌劑所需配料成分。Gas Power & Renewables marketing gas for electricity and solar power 氣體能源和再生能源電力用氣和太陽能的銷售our global presence 業(yè)務遍布全球oil油gas氣chemicals化學品refining煉

3、油market positions市場 Oil exploration石油開采Oil refining and marketing石油煉制和銷售Chemical production化工生產(chǎn)Solar Power太陽能Factors influencing BP影響B(tài)P的因素Evidence of climate change 氣候變化的征兆Rapid globalisation of the system in which we operate 所在業(yè)務領域全球化進程加快Growing public anxiety on a range of issues 公眾對一系列問題的擔心不斷增加Ou

4、r size 我們的業(yè)務規(guī)模Changing role of participants 參入者角色的不斷變化Sustainable Development可持續(xù)發(fā)展可持續(xù)發(fā)展Key environmental issues 關鍵環(huán)境問題Decommissioningof platforms退役的鉆井平臺退役的鉆井平臺Fuel Quality燃料質(zhì)量燃料質(zhì)量Ozone Depletion臭氧層遭破壞臭氧層遭破壞Air Quality空氣質(zhì)量空氣質(zhì)量Climate Change氣候變化氣候變化Water水水Waste三廢三廢Biodiversity生物多樣化生物多樣化200220240260280

5、30032034010001100120013001400150016001700180019002000Atmospheric CO2 (parts per million) 大氣中的二氧化碳含量（ppm)Source: Etheridge, D.M., Steele, L.P., Langenfelds, R.L., Francey, R.J., Barnola, J.-M. and Morgan V.I. 1998. Observed Global Surface Temperatures 關注全球表面溫度18601880198020001920190019601940-0.8-0.2-

6、0.4-0.60.20.00.40.6Source: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate ChangeTemperature Change (Degrees C)溫度變化（攝氏度）溫度變化（攝氏度）Sea Surface 海洋表面Land Surface 陸地表面Emissions to air 大氣排放物Carbon Dioxide二氧化碳二氧化碳Benzene苯苯Methane甲烷甲烷Nitrogen Oxides氧化氮氧化氮VOCsSmells氣味氣味Particulates微粒微粒CFCs氯氟碳化合物氯氟碳化合物Halons碳氯化合物碳氯化合物Sulp

7、hur Dioxide二氧化硫二氧化硫Carbon Monoxide一氧化碳一氧化碳Noise噪聲噪聲Light光光Discharges to water 水排放物ProducedWater生產(chǎn)水生產(chǎn)水Sewage生活污水生活污水Oil Spills油品泄漏油品泄漏ChemicalSpills化學品泄漏化學品泄漏Methanol甲醇甲醇Glycol乙二醇乙二醇SurfaceWater地表水地表水Oil Spills油品泄漏油品泄漏ChemicalSpills化學品泄漏化學品泄漏Sewage生活污水生活污水SurfaceWater地表水地表水Waste generation三廢的形成Genera

8、lWaste一般廢物一般廢物GalleyWaste海上航行產(chǎn)生的廢物海上航行產(chǎn)生的廢物Cardboard& Paper紙板和紙張紙板和紙張Clean ScrapMetal干凈的金屬碎片干凈的金屬碎片Wood木材木材Dirty ScrapMetal經(jīng)污染的金屬廢渣經(jīng)污染的金屬廢渣FluorescentTubes熒光燈管熒光燈管Used Oil廢油廢油Asbestos石棉物質(zhì)石棉物質(zhì)Batteries廢舊電池廢舊電池Oily Rags含油碎渣含油碎渣Chemical化學品化學品Fuels燃料燃料Solvents溶劑溶劑Oil Filters油品過濾器油品過濾器Halon碳碳氯化合物氯化合物

9、CFCsChemicalTins化學品包裝桶化學品包裝桶Oily Water含油污水含油污水Spill Kits廢棄的工具箱廢棄的工具箱What do we do to protect the environment?我們的環(huán)保義務 Environmental policy環(huán)保政策 Environmental targets環(huán)保目標 Environmental management systems環(huán)保管理系統(tǒng) Environmental data and public reporting環(huán)保數(shù)據(jù)和公眾報告 Dialogue with the general public, government

10、s and environmental pressure groups與公眾、政府和受環(huán)境污染影響的團體進行對話。bp and water management bp和水管理Outline提要 Water issues水問題 Water in bp 水在bp Operational concerns經(jīng)營過程中需要關注的問題 BPs approach BP采用的方法in a nutshell概括說明 Although most of the world is not running out of freshwater, a number of regions already face chron

11、ic freshwater shortage 盡管世界上大多數(shù)地區(qū)尚未出現(xiàn)淡水枯竭的現(xiàn)盡管世界上大多數(shù)地區(qū)尚未出現(xiàn)淡水枯竭的現(xiàn)象，但已經(jīng)有不少地區(qū)面臨象，但已經(jīng)有不少地區(qū)面臨長期淡水匱乏問題。長期淡水匱乏問題。 In the future, water shortages are likely to spread due to increasing demands, unsustainable withdrawal rates, difficulties in finding new supplies, pollution and source water contamination, and

12、 changing climatic and precipitation patterns由于受由于受到到對水的需求量不斷增加對水的需求量不斷增加、無限制開采、發(fā)掘新水源困難、污染和水源污染以及不斷變化、無限制開采、發(fā)掘新水源困難、污染和水源污染以及不斷變化的氣候和降雨模式等諸多因素的影響，缺水問題有可能變得日趨嚴重。的氣候和降雨模式等諸多因素的影響，缺水問題有可能變得日趨嚴重。 Water shortages impact regional security by causing human health problems and population displacement, incre

13、asing conflicts between competing users, and damaging ecosystem health 缺水會造成人類健康問題、發(fā)生人口遷移、增加水用戶之間缺水會造成人類健康問題、發(fā)生人口遷移、增加水用戶之間的沖突且破壞生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的健康發(fā)展，從而影響的沖突且破壞生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的健康發(fā)展，從而影響地區(qū)安全。地區(qū)安全。 Water has been recognised as a key to sustainable development, essential to poverty reduction and societal growth: WSSD target

14、s are to halve by the year 2015, the proportion of people without access to safe drinking water and those who do not have access to basic sanitation 水被認為是保證水被認為是保證可持續(xù)發(fā)展的關鍵，可持續(xù)發(fā)展的關鍵，是減少貧困，是減少貧困，保持社會進步的不可缺少的必要條件：保持社會進步的不可缺少的必要條件：WSSD的目標是到的目標是到2015年將無法獲得安全飲用水和年將無法獲得安全飲用水和缺乏基本衛(wèi)生條件的的人口數(shù)量減少一半。缺乏基本衛(wèi)生條件的的人口

15、數(shù)量減少一半。water in bp 水在BPBP handles more water than oil BP處理的水遠遠多于油處理的水遠遠多于油Potable water, surface water, ground water, aquifer water, treated municipal wastewater, water produced in oil production and sea water 飲用水、地表水、地下水、蓄水、經(jīng)處理的城市污水、石油生產(chǎn)生成的水和海水Freshwater for cooling, steam generation, washing and a

16、s a raw material in some drilling and processing activities 用于冷卻、發(fā)生蒸汽、洗滌以及作為某些鉆探和處理作業(yè)原料的淡水Sea water for cooling, ships ballast, and (with produced water) for increasing oil reservoir production 用于冷卻、船舶壓艙的海水以及（連同生產(chǎn)水）用于不斷增加的儲油設施的海水Treated discharges of process water, ballast water, storm water, coolin

17、g water, drilling and produced waters 來自工藝水、壓艙水、雨水、冷卻水、鉆探和生產(chǎn)水的經(jīng)過處理的排放水water and bps operations 水與BP的業(yè)務運營BPs concerns BP關心的幾個問題關心的幾個問題The access, quality and cost of freshwater supplies 淡水供給的途徑、質(zhì)量和成本The social and environmental impact of our consumption and discharges to water 我們對水的消耗和水的排放對社會和環(huán)境帶來的影響

18、The health of our employees, their families and the communities where we operate 我們的員工及其家人的健康和我們開展業(yè)務所在社區(qū)人員的健康狀況The business costs of water in separation, power generation, heat exchange, and process use水的運營成本具體而言，是指分離、發(fā)電、換熱和工藝用水bp and water management bp與水管理BPs position BP的立場的立場We see water as an en

19、abler for growth 我們視水為業(yè)務增長的助推器We believe that action needs to be taken to reflect the true value of water 我們認為有必要采取行動來反映出水的真正價值We will contribute to and learn from the global dialogue on water 我們將致力于參加有關水的全球?qū)υ挷闹袑W習到我們所需要的東西。Our aspiration is to create improvements that benefit both our operations, a

20、nd the societies and environments where we operate 我們渴望進行持續(xù)的改進工作，因為這將不但有利于我們的運營而且有利于社會和我們開展業(yè)務所在的地區(qū)business value 業(yè)務價值 alternative, cheaper and more sustainable sources of water supply 可供選擇的、廉價的、更為可持續(xù)的水供給來源可供選擇的、廉價的、更為可持續(xù)的水供給來源 cost savings in operational water handling and treatment節(jié)省運行用水輸送和處理成本節(jié)省運行

21、用水輸送和處理成本 increased production by removing water restraints消除水帶來的制約作用，增加生產(chǎn)能力消除水帶來的制約作用，增加生產(chǎn)能力 cost effective legislation compliance and reduced environmental impact of discharges以最小的代價滿足相關法律的要求，減少排放水對環(huán)境的影響以最小的代價滿足相關法律的要求，減少排放水對環(huán)境的影響 additional value from alliancing with other companies, municipaliti

22、es, and between Bus與其它公司、市政當局以及在與其它公司、市政當局以及在BU之間結(jié)成聯(lián)盟，實現(xiàn)項目增值之間結(jié)成聯(lián)盟，實現(xiàn)項目增值 access to prime locations, facilitated developments and supplier of choice使用最好的廠址，獲得有利的發(fā)展條件和選用第一流的供貨商使用最好的廠址，獲得有利的發(fā)展條件和選用第一流的供貨商key elements of water management 水管理的關鍵要素 a responsible operator 富有責任心的運營商富有責任心的運營商- managing our

23、social and environmental impacts 處理好我們對社會和環(huán)境造成的影響- sustainable resource use 可持續(xù)資源的利用- continuous improvement plans 持續(xù)改進計劃- externally reporting our performance (both good and bad) 向外界公告我們的業(yè)績（不管業(yè)績是好是壞）key elements of water management 水管理的關鍵要素 capacity building and knowledge sharing 能力建設和知識共享能力建設和知識共享

24、- improving awareness internal and external communication 增強水的意識內(nèi)外溝通- promoting integrated water resource (watershed) management 促進一體化水資源（水流域）管理水平- enhancing local knowledge, learning and skills development 提高自身知識水平，加強學習，培養(yǎng)技能- advancing the understanding of the sciences related to water management 加

25、深對與水資源管理有關的科學知識的了解- participating in public policy debate 參加國家政策辯論會key elements of water management 水管理的關鍵要素 working in partnership齊心協(xié)力搞好水工作齊心協(xié)力搞好水工作- building relationships with water stakeholders 與水供給有關各方建立關系- developing programmes involving staff and the community 制定有關員工和社區(qū)的計劃- alliancing with ot

26、her companies and municipalities to deliver additional benefits 與其它公司和市政當局結(jié)成聯(lián)盟，實現(xiàn)項目增值REVIEW 評審評審DEVELOP發(fā)展發(fā)展Develop the elementsgoals, and timelinesof the sustainable water management Strategy制定可持續(xù)水務管理策略的要素、目標和時間計劃Prepare the businesscase for managementapproval and CVP as appropriate編制經(jīng)營案例供管理層審批并應用CV

27、PMonitor and reportprogress to share bestpractice and demonstrateGroup performance監(jiān)測并匯報進度，共享最佳做法并展現(xiàn)集體績效。Improvements thatbenefit both ouroperations, and the communities and environments where we operate作出有利于運行、當?shù)厣鐓^(qū)作出有利于運行、當?shù)厣鐓^(qū)和環(huán)境的改進和環(huán)境的改進Sustainable water managementoption developmen可持續(xù)水務管理方案編制可持續(xù)水務管

28、理方案編制tHow does your watermanagement compare to stream and regional peer groups and best in class?與地區(qū)橫向比較和與最佳水平相比，你們的水務管理水平如何？What are the business opportunities to improve stream level performance or deliver benefitsaligned with geographicor watershed priorities?存在哪些通過利用地理或分水嶺優(yōu)勢從而改進橫向水平并帶來利益的經(jīng)營機會？Wh

29、at are the views of external stakeholders?外部股東持何種觀點？Prioritised water management options優(yōu)先考慮的水務管理方案優(yōu)先考慮的水務管理方案Segment and regionalContext點面結(jié)合點面結(jié)合What opportunities exist to manage risk and develop benefits associated with watermanagement ?存在哪些與水務管理有關的風險管理以及獲益機會？What opportunities exist to create add

30、itional business value for BP byaddressing waterchallenges faced by the community? 存在哪些能夠通過克服社區(qū)面臨的水挑戰(zhàn)從而為BP增加經(jīng)營價值的機會What are the sources ofadditional value achievable by water alliancing with other companies, municipalitiesand other parts of BP?通過與其他公司、政府部門或BP其他部門聯(lián)合共享水資源實現(xiàn)的附加值的機會存在哪些方面？Water opportun

31、ities水機會水機會Business opportunityAssessment經(jīng)營機遇評估In what activities does your BU or Project rely upon or impact water resources?BU或項目的哪些活動對水源有依耐性或有影響？What is the status, availability and sustainability of these water resources?這些水的可得性和持續(xù)性如何？What and where are your total costs from water extraction, ha

32、ndling, treatment and discharge?用于水提取、運送、處理和排放的費用項目和金額？Key water uses關鍵用水關鍵用水Key water impacts關鍵水影響關鍵水影響Key water costs關鍵水費用關鍵水費用Water uses and resources Assessment水使用情況和資源評估水使用情況和資源評估What are the potentialconflicts over freshwater supplies and resource degradation between local industry,agriculture

33、 and thecommunities in the watercatchment?與水庫當?shù)毓I(yè)、農(nóng)業(yè)和社區(qū)之間就淡水供應和資源減少存在哪些潛在沖突？ What activitiescould be restricted from a change in water legislation or external focus on water issues?可限制那些活動包括相關水法規(guī)的修改或外界對水問題的關注？What are the business sensitivities resulting from your BU or Projects wateruses, costs, an

34、d impacts?BU或項目用水、費用和影響對運行的敏感影響有哪些？Water risks水風險水風險Business risk Assessment經(jīng)營風險評估經(jīng)營風險評估28Chairmans Awards for HSE董事長授予的健康、安全和環(huán)境獎勵Purpose目的目的 To demonstrate BPs HSE policy commitment 體現(xiàn)BP的健康、安全和環(huán)境政策承諾。 To encourage and celebrate HSE achievements鼓勵并促進健康、安全和環(huán)境成就。 To share innovations, solutions etc wi

35、th others. 與他人共享創(chuàng)新和解決方案等。29Chairmans Awards for HSE主席授予的健康、安全和環(huán)境獎勵Entry Criteria獲獎標準獲獎標準Performance: Has the entry made a measurable contribution to the groups performance?表現(xiàn)：獲獎者是否對集體的健康、安全和環(huán)境表現(xiàn)作出重大貢獻？Reputation: Has it enhanced the companys reputation?聲譽：其是否提高了公司的聲譽？Innovation: Is it a breakthrough

36、 solution to a long-standing problem?創(chuàng)新：其是否針對某項一直未能解決的問題提出突破性的解決方案？Transferability: Can it be applied to other parts of the company (or has it adapted/expanded an idea used elsewhere)?旁通推廣性：其是否能夠應用于公司其他部分的工作（或其是否對現(xiàn)有方法做出調(diào)整或擴展）?30Chairmans Awards for HSE董事長授予的健康、安全和環(huán)境獎勵Who can enter?哪些人可以享受？哪些人可以享受？ I

37、ndividuals 個人 Groups/teams 集體/團體 JV partners 合資企業(yè)合伙人 Employees 雇員 Contractors 承包商SECCO賽科Shanghai SECCO Petrochemical Company Limited上海賽科石油化工有限責任公司SECCO ( Shanghai Ethylene Cracker Complex)賽科（上海乙烯裂解聯(lián)合裝置）50:50 Joint Venture between BP and Sinopec( 30%Sinopec, 20% SPC) 英國石油與中石化（中石化占30%股份，上海石化占20%股份）按50

38、：50出資成立的合資公司Total investment 22.45 billion RMB總投資額：224.5億人民幣Shanghai Chemical Industry Park上海化學工業(yè)園區(qū)上?；瘜W工業(yè)園區(qū)Reclaimed land at Caojing, 50km from Shanghai, 15km from SPC Jinshan site 項目現(xiàn)場設在漕涇的圍墾土地，距上海項目現(xiàn)場設在漕涇的圍墾土地，距上海50公里，距公里，距上海石化金山現(xiàn)場上海石化金山現(xiàn)場15公里。公里。Total site covers 23.4square km.整個現(xiàn)場占地整個現(xiàn)場占地23.4平方公

39、里。平方公里。Chemical zone area larger than BASF Ludwigshafen site 化學區(qū)域面積大于化學區(qū)域面積大于BASF Ludwigshafen現(xiàn)場。現(xiàn)場。Planned as Shanghai chemical center with strong political support 規(guī)劃為上海化學中心，有政策大力支持。規(guī)劃為上?；瘜W中心，有政策大力支持。BASF, Huntsman, Bayer existing plans BASF, Huntsman, Bayer 也在規(guī)劃范圍內(nèi)。也在規(guī)劃范圍內(nèi)。Jinshan金山金山Zhenhai 鎮(zhèn)海鎮(zhèn)海

40、Gaoqiao 高橋高橋Location 地理位置Caojing 漕涇漕涇Caojing SCIP Site Masterplan 漕涇上?；瘜W工業(yè)園區(qū)總體規(guī)劃圖SECCOHuntsmanBASF巴斯夫巴斯夫Bayer拜耳拜耳Gaoqiao高橋高橋VopakHuayiUtilities公用設公用設施施PROJECT HISTORY項目歷史Oct 1996 - LOI signed for Cracker JV/1996年10月-裂解裝置合資公司意向書簽訂Jul 1997 - Project Proposal submitted to State Planning Commission/1997

41、年7月-項目計劃書提交給國家發(fā)展計劃委員會。Oct 1999 - Project Proposal approved by Chinese Government/1999年10月-中國政府批準項目計劃書。Jun 2000 - Scope and scale revision approved by State Planning Commission (600ktpa - 900ktpa)/2000年6月-國家計劃發(fā)展委員會批準修改后的項目范圍和規(guī)模。（60萬噸每年- 90萬噸每年）Mar 2001 - Feasibility Study submitted to State Planning/

42、2001年3月-可行性研究報告提交國家計劃發(fā)展委員會 。May 2001 EIA Approved by SEPA/2001年5月-SEPA批準環(huán)境評估報告。Aug 2001 FSR approved by State Council/2001年8月-國務院批準可行性研究報告。Sept 2001 MOFTEC approves JV Contract/2001年9月-MOFTEC批準合資合同。Nov 2001 JV Established /2001年11月-合資公司成立。PROJECT PROGRESS項目進度Mar 2002Groundbreaking (Ceremony)2002年3月破

43、土動工（開工典禮）Sept 2002Kaigong Permit - start construction2002年9月開工許可證-開始施工Q3 2004OSBL completion2004年3季度 界外工程竣工Q3 2004Commissioning2004年3季度 投料試車H1 2005Beneficial Operation2005年上半年投產(chǎn)Our HSE Policy :我們的HSE政策 Safety first; prevention is primary; all staff involved; comprehensive approach; improving the env

44、ironment; protecting health; systematically manage and continuous development. 安全第一，預防為主，全員參與，全面出擊，改進環(huán)境，保護健康，系統(tǒng)管理，持續(xù)發(fā)展 We believe that all injuries and occupational illness, as well as safety and environmental incidents, are preventable, and our goal for all of them is zero. Protecting the safety an

45、d health of our workforce, the users of our product, and the communities in which we operate is a core value of SECCO. We will conduct our business with respect and care for the environment 我們相信所有傷害、職業(yè)病以及安全和環(huán)境事故都是可以避免的，我們的目標是將所有這一切的發(fā)生率控制為零。保護我們職工、產(chǎn)品用戶以及我們所處的社區(qū)的安全和健康對賽科來說具有非常重要的價值，我們將樹立尊重和保護環(huán)境的觀念，在這一

46、觀念的指導下進行經(jīng)營運作 Our HSE Goals :我們的健康、安全和環(huán)境目標我們的健康、安全和環(huán)境目標: No accidents無事故No harm to people無人身傷害No damage to the environment不損壞環(huán)境Our HSE Commitment :我們的健康、安全和環(huán)境承諾我們的健康、安全和環(huán)境承諾 Everyone who works for SECCO, anywhere, is responsible for getting HSE right. Acceptance of HSE commitment is a necessary condi

47、tion of employment. We believe that excellence in HSE is critical to the success of our company.不管在何處，為賽科工作的每一個人都有責任正確執(zhí)行HSE政策和規(guī)定。接受健康、安全和環(huán)境承諾是應聘賽科的必要條件。我們相信，健康、安全和環(huán)境的良好保證對公司的成功非常關鍵 。We will continue to drive down the environmental and health impact of our operations by reducing waste, emissions and

48、discharges and using energy efficiently. We will produce quality products that can be used safely by our customers.我們會通過減少廢料、廢氣及廢液的排放并采取有效地節(jié)能措施不斷減輕公司運營給環(huán)境和健康帶來的影響。我們將生產(chǎn)出可供客戶安全使用的優(yōu)質(zhì)產(chǎn)品 。We will;我們將：。 Comply with applicable HSE governmental laws and regulations遵守國家和當?shù)叵嚓P的健康、安全和環(huán)境法律法規(guī)。Openly report our p

49、erformance, good and bad無論好與差，我們都將開誠布公地報告我們的表現(xiàn)。Consult, listen and respond to people from all walks of life, continouosly improve our HSE performance and management systems與各行各業(yè)的人士進行溝通，聽取他們的意見并作出應有的反應，不斷提高我們的健康、安全和環(huán)境表現(xiàn)并改進管理體系。Recognise those who contributed to improve HSE performance對那些對健康、安全和環(huán)境表現(xiàn)作出

50、貢獻的人員予以肯定。Traditional BeliefsTraditional Beliefs!傳統(tǒng)觀念！傳統(tǒng)觀念！ It will not happen here 這種事在這里不會這種事在這里不會發(fā)生。發(fā)生。 HSE is just a burden 安全措施是累贅。安全措施是累贅。 HSE belongs to HSE Dept.安全只是安全安全只是安全部門的事情部門的事情 HSE isnt worth the extra effort安全問安全問題不值得小題大作題不值得小題大作 We cant afford so much HSE 我們無力我們無力承擔這么多的安全措施承擔這么多的安全措

51、施Basic HSE Facts:基本安全事實：基本安全事實：Working injuries, occupational diseases and environmental incidents can be avoided 工傷和職業(yè)工傷和職業(yè)病是可以避免的病是可以避免的Most work injuries are caused by unsafe behavior.絕大部分的傷害都絕大部分的傷害都是由于不安全行為導致的是由于不安全行為導致的SECCO Believes:塞科堅信：塞科堅信： HSE is everyones responsibility 健康、安全和環(huán)境問題是每個人的責任

52、健康、安全和環(huán)境問題是每個人的責任 Incidents are caused, they dont just happen事故事故總是有原因的，不是無緣無故的總是有原因的，不是無緣無故的 HSE takes commitment, planning and involvement健康、安全和環(huán)境需要去承諾、去計劃并去參與健康、安全和環(huán)境需要去承諾、去計劃并去參與 A safe environment is a productive environment安安全也是生產(chǎn)力全也是生產(chǎn)力 No job is so important that it cannot be done in a safe way沒有一項工作會重要到不需要考慮安全的程沒有一項工作會重要到不需要考慮安全的程度度 Working safely is an attitude安全工作是一種態(tài)度安全工作是一種態(tài)度ICEBERG 冰山冰山Visible顯見的顯見的 injuries傷害傷害 losses損失損失Accidents事故事故NEAR-MISSES-未遂事故未遂事故Un-safe Acts不安全行為不安全行為Un-safe Conditions不安全條件不安全條件