2019-2020學年高中英語階段綜合測評2(含解析)9

1、學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精1 階段綜合測評（二 ) （時間： 100分鐘；滿分： 120分） . 閱讀理解 (共 15小題；每小題 2 分，滿分 30分）arobert ballard was born in 1942. from an early age, he loved the sea. ballard grew up in southern california。 he spent his free time at the beach near his home. he enjoyed fishing and swimming。he even learned to dive 。when

2、 ballard wasnt at the ocean， he loved reading about it. at age 10， he read twenty thousandleaguesunder the sea, a book which describes the undersea adventures of captain nemo。 ballard decided he wanted to be like captain nemo when he grew up 。 his parents helped him follow his dream.ballard was a ha

3、rdworking student。he spent many years learning all he could about the ocean. by the age of 28, he was an expert. in 1970，he took a job as a scientist at woods hole oceanographic institute in massachusetts 。 there he studied underwater mountains of the atlantic ocean 。 he came up with ways to predict

4、 volcanoes under the oceans. 學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精2 working with other scientists, ballard also found previously unknown sea animals 。these animals lived far below the ocean s surface,where scientists had believed no animals could live。by the 1980s ，ballard s interests changed. he developed unmanned vehicle

5、s to explore the ocean bottom 。 his first find,the well-known ship titanic,made ballard famous。he was not happy with just one big find,however.he looked for and found other well 。known ships 。one was the german battleship bismarck 。another was the uss 。yorktown，an aircraft carrier ( 航空母艦）that sank d

6、uring world war 。today robert ballard is still an underwater explorer. he also heads an organization that encourages students to learn about science. ballard hopes that some of the students will follow in his footsteps. after all, the worlds huge oceans are mostly unknown。 who knows what remains to

7、be discovered under the sea？【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文 ,主要敘述了 robert ballard成為水下探險家的經(jīng)過。1 what was ballard s dream when he was young？ato be a science teacher。學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精3 bto be a famous writer.cto be an animal expert 。dto be an underwater explorer.【解析】細節(jié)理解題 .根據(jù)第二段第三句“ballard decided he wanted to be like capta

8、in nemo when he grew up.”并結合第二段第二句可知，他的夢想是成為水下探險家?！敬鸢浮縟2when ballard worked at woods hole oceanographicinstitute, he aexplored the undersea world by shipbthought of ideas to predict underwater volcanoescfound some unknown sea animals alonedset up an organization to teach students science【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)

9、第三段第六句“he came up with ways to predict volcanoes under the oceans?？芍氤隽祟A測水下火山爆發(fā)的方法?！敬鸢浮縝3which is the correct order of the events mentioned in the text 學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精4 about ballard?ahe found the german battleship bismarck 。bhe read a book about captain nemo 。che found the famous ship titanic 。dhe

10、became an expert in science.abcda bdbcacbdca ddcab【解析】細節(jié)理解題 .根據(jù)第二段內容可知 ,他 10 歲時讀了有關 nemo 船長的書，根據(jù)第三段內容可知 ,他 1970年時成為一名科學家；根據(jù)第四段內容可知，到20 世紀 80年代，他發(fā)現(xiàn)了泰坦尼克號，之后發(fā)現(xiàn)了德國俾斯麥號戰(zhàn)艦?！敬鸢浮縞4what can we learn from the text?aballard was greatly influenced by twenty thousandleaguesunderthesea.bballard didn t like fishi

11、ng and swimming in his childhood 。cballards parents felt disappointed at his undersea adventures.dhuman beings have explored more than half of the sea。學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精5 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段內容可知，robert ballard讀了海底兩萬里這本書使他明確了他的理想，并為之努力,最終獲得了成功 .因此這本書影響了他的一生?！敬鸢浮縜bcoral reefs （珊瑚礁） are not just beautiful to lo

12、ok at, but also very useful. they shelter nearly 25 of ocean life and provide food for billions of people. however ， like many other species ， this amazing ecosystem（生態(tài)系統(tǒng) )is in danger of dying out!there are two main reasons for the destruction-the rising carbon dioxide levels caused by global warmi

13、ng as well as human influences like bottom operation。 while not much can be done about the former, the loss caused by the latter can be reduced。bottom operation involves dropping nets to the ocean bed and then dragging them up when filled with fish. this action damaged the ocean floor， causing the c

14、oral branches to separate from the reefs。 while that is very discouraging ， the good news is that if these branches are found quickly, they can be saved。 at present， that work is being performed by 學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精6 volunteer divers 。 but the method has only limited success because they cannot stay lon

15、g underwater, nor reach depths of over 200 meters where some of the deep 。sea coral grows 。however, this is not the case for coralbots the robots that can constantly seek out broken branches 。 a team of coralbots，each individually working to simple rules will piece together damaged bits of coral， al

16、lowing them to regrow. they are programmed to be able to distinguish between other things and the coral. the robots work together in groups ， similar to bees. if one coralbot is damaged then the others will still be able to complete the task.dr lea.anne henry said, “the project of using coralbots of

17、fers us the possibility to restore （修復 ) the function of reefs. it is in the final stage of testing。 once ready ， the researchers hope to build hundreds of them and use them effectively in the waters off scotland and then hopefully in the oceans across the world. ”【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。美麗的珊瑚礁不僅在維系海洋生態(tài)平衡方面起著

18、十分重要的作用，它與我們的日常生活也息息相關。對于面臨滅絕的珊瑚礁我們能做點什么呢?學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精7 5which of the following is a cause of the danger that coral reefs are facing？athe appearance of new creatures.bthe seriously polluted sea water。cthe activities of volunteer divers.dhuman activities like bottom operation.【解析】事實細節(jié)題 .根據(jù)第二段首句中的“.a

19、s well as human influences like bottom operation 。可知答案為 d。【答案】d6compared with volunteer divers, coralbots 。acan stay longer underwaterbmust work as bees doccan distinguish what is coraldcan never be damaged【解析】推理判斷題。由第三段可知，目前修復受損珊瑚礁的工作由潛水志愿者完成.但他們因為不能長時間待在水下而使工作效果大打折扣 .再結合第四段首句可知機器人在水下停留的時間會長些。故答案為a

20、。學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精8 【答案】a7 what does the underlined word “ them ” in the last paragraph refer to?acoralbots. bbroken branches.cworking bees 。dbits of coral。【解析】詞義猜測題。由上文可知，修復受損珊瑚礁的機器人目前還處于調試階段。結合語境可以推斷，一旦調試完畢，研究者們希望批量生產(chǎn)這種機器人。因此答案為a?！敬鸢浮縜8we can infer from the passage that abottom operation has affected

21、most underwater creaturesbbroken branches of coral can regrow if saved in timechundreds of the coralbots have worked well in the oceansdwith the coralbots all damaged coral reefs can be restored【解析】推理判斷題 .根據(jù)第三段首句可知a 項沒有依據(jù)； 由最后一段可知這種機器人尚未正式投入使用，故排除c 項；由于 d項中的 all 一詞過于絕對，此項也不可選。而根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“。 。 。constan

22、tly seek out broken branches”和“。.。piece together 學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精9 damaged bits of coral ，allowing them to grow. 可知答案為 b。【答案】bclife in the cleartransparent animals let light pass through their bodies the same way light passes through a window 。 these animals typically live between the surface of the oc

23、ean and a depth of about 3，300 feet - as far as most light can reach. most of them are extremely delicate and can be damaged by a simple touch。 sonke johnsen, a scientist in biology， says ， “these animals live through their life alone. they never touch anything unless theyre eating it ， or unless so

24、mething is eating them。 ”and they are as clear as glass. how does an animal become see 。through？ it s trickier than you might think.the objects around you are visible because they interact with light。light typically travels in a straight line。 but some materials slow and scatter （散射 ) light， bouncin

25、g it away from its original path. others absorb light，stopping it dead in its tracks。both scattering and absorption make an object look different from other objects around it, so 學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精10 you can see it easily。but a transparent object doesn t absorb or scatter light, at least not very much. l

26、ight can pass through it without bending or stopping。 that means a transparent object doesn t look very different from the surrounding air or water. you dont see it - you see the things behind it.to become transparent, an animal needs to keep its body from absorbing or scattering light 。 living mate

27、rials can stop light because they contain pigments （色素）that absorb specific colors of light. but a transparent animal doesn t have pigments, so its tissues won t absorb light。 according to johnsen ， avoiding absorption is actually easy. the real challenge is preventing light from scattering。animals

28、are built of many different materials skin，fat, and more and light moves through each at a different speed 。 every time light moves into a material with a new speed ， it bends and scatters 。transparent animals use different tricks to fight scattering. some animals are simply very small or extremely

29、flat. without much tissue to scatter light, it is easier t o be see-through。others build a large ， clear mass of non 。living jelly-like (果凍狀的）material and spread themselves over it。學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精11 larger transparent animals have the biggest challenge, because they have to make all the different tiss

30、ues in their bodies slow down light exactly as much as water does. they need to look uniform. but how they re doing it is still unknown. one thing is clear: for these larger animals ， staying transparent is an active process。 when they die ， they turn a non -transparent milky white ?！菊Z篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文

31、章解釋了生活在海洋中的透明生物的特點、透明原理以及形成機制。9according to paragraph 1 ， transparent animals astay in groupsbcan be easily damagedcappear only in deep oceandare beautiful creatures【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的most of them are extremely delicate and can be damaged by a simple touch.可知，大部分的透明生物是非常脆弱的，僅碰一碰就會受到損害，故b 項“很容易受到損害”正確

32、.a項“集體待在一起”和d 項“是美麗的生物”在第一段中沒有提到；根據(jù)第一段中的between the surface of the ocean 學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精12 and a depth of about 3,300 feet 可知，它們生活在海面與海面以下大約3 300英尺之間的海水中，故c 項“只出現(xiàn)在深海中”錯誤?！敬鸢浮縝10 the underlined word “ dead in paragraph 3 meansasilently bgraduallycregularly dcompletely【解析】詞義猜測題。由第三段可知，我們能看到物體一類是因為它們減慢了光

33、速和對光進行了散射，使其改變了原來的路線,而另外一類是因為它們對光線的吸收.既然吸收了 ,那么在光的傳播過程中就被完全阻止了，因此這里dead意為“完全地” ,故選 d?！敬鸢浮縟11one way for an animal to become transparent is to achange the direction of light travelbgather materials to scatter lightcavoid the absorption of lightdgrow bigger to stop light【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的 to become tra

34、nsparent ，an animal needs to keep its body from absorbing or scattering light?？芍瑢W必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精13 想變透明就要讓身體避免對光線吸收或進行散射，因此c 項“避免光線的吸收”是其中的一個方法。a 項“改變光傳播的方向”，b項中的 to scatter light( 散射光 )和 d 項中的 to stop light(阻止光 )都是我們可看見物體的原因，不是透明生物的特點，均應予以排除?！敬鸢浮縞12 the last paragraph tells us that larger transparent

35、 animals amove more slowly in deep waterbstay see 。through even after deathcproduce more tissues for their survivaldtake effective action to reduce light spreading【解析】推理判斷題。 d 項中的 take effective action 和最后一段倒數(shù)第二句中的an active process 是同義表達，reduce light spreading和最后一段第一句中的slow down light 是同義表達，故 d 項正確。

36、最后一段中沒有提到a、 c 兩項;根據(jù)最后一段最后一句中的they turn a non-transparent milky white 可知，它們死后會變成不透明的乳白色，故 b 項錯誤。【答案】d學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精14 dwhen my father was getting ready for work ，our house was ruled by knocks and words.he used to come downstairs to breakfast。the morning paper lay beside his plate.he always read the “d

37、eaths first，and then he knocked once on the table 。one of my sisters brought his bread ，already buttered for him.usually he said nothing ，but once i heard him say, “i love you very much,edithi would love more if you buttered my bread on both sides 。 ” he read the paper all through breakfast 。two kno

38、cks on the table meant “i am ready for my tea 。 if a single knock followed，that meant ， “more bread ，please 。 ”after breakfast he said ， “boots。 the paper was spread（展開 ) for him over the back of an arm 。 chair。 yesterdays paper was put on the chair for his feet，and his boots were brought to him ，fr

39、eshly cleaned.he read standing at the same time putting on his boots。with one boot finished he said ，“bus。 ”at that point one of the girls went outside to the garden gate and waited there.her job was to stop a bus when it came 。it came early 學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精15 sometimes and it had to wait for my father

40、。 “ overcoat ,hat。 ” one of my sisters had already brushed his overcoat。now she held it open for him.another girl came with his hat,nicely brushed?！癶andkerchief,pipe （煙斗) they were brought and put，with his tobacco( 煙草)，into his pocket。 he looked out of the window and said either “ walking stick” or

41、“ umbrella”it was handed to him 。ready now ，he was still reading the paper.he didn t put it down until he heard the shout “bus coming ！” then he kissed my mother and went out。the girls breathed freely 。how lucky a man was to have a wife and five daughters at home!【語篇解讀】本文講一個幸福的男人在早上由他的五個女兒和妻子服侍的故事。1

42、3when the father made the first knock ，he meant ahe had begun to read the morning newspaperb he was made to feel sad by the“ deaths ” newsche would start to read the other parts of the paperdhis breakfast should begin【解析】細節(jié)理解題 .根據(jù)第三段第二、三句then he knocked once on the table.one of my sisters brought hi

43、s bread,already buttered for 學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精16 him.可知答案為d.【答案】d14 what does “ edith” mean? aa kind of bread。bone of the writers sisters 。cthe writer.dthe writers mother?！窘馕觥吭~義猜測題 .根據(jù) i love you very much ，edith.i would love more if you buttered my bread on both sides. 可知 edith 是他女兒的名字?！敬鸢浮縝15from the

44、story we may see that athe father was so lazy that he hardly did anythingbthe father was the “centre” of the familycevery girl in the family was afraid to do wrong because they didnt know clearly enough what to dodthe father was hated by all his daughters【解析】推理判斷題?？催^全文我們知道整個早上他家里所學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精17 有的人

45、都在為他服務，由此可以看出他的家是以他為中心的，因此應該選擇 b?！敬鸢浮縝。閱讀七選五（共5小題；每小題 2 分，滿分 10分）16 you probably think you will never be a top student.this is not necessarily so, however.anyone can become a better student if he or she wants to.here s how：plan your time carefully.when planning your work, you should make a list of t

46、hings that you have to do。after making this list， you should make a schedule of your time 。first set your time for eating， sleeping, dressing, etc.then decide a good, regular time for studying. 17 a weekly schedule may not solve all your problems， but it will force you to realize what is happening t

47、o your time.find a good place to study 。look around the house for a good study area 。keep this space ， which may be a desk or simply a corner of your room， free of everything but study materials 。no games, radios, or television 。when you sit down to study, concentrate on the subject。make good use of

48、 your time in class. 18 listening carefully in 學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精18 class means less work later.taking notes will help you remember what the teacher says 。study regularly.when you get home from school, go over your notes, review the important points that your teacher is going to discuss the next day and

49、read that material. 19 if you do these things regularly ， the material will become more meaningful, and youll remember it longer.develop a good attitude towards tests.the purpose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject 。they help you remember your new knowledge 。the world wont end

50、 if you dont pass a test， so dont be overworried.20 you will probably discover many others after you have tried these.athere are many methods that might help you with your studying.bdont forget to set aside enough time for entertainment.ctake advantage of class time to listen to everything the teach

51、er says 。dno one can become a top student unless he or she works hard.emaybe you are an average student.學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精19 f make full use of class time to take notes of what the teacher says in class.gthis will help you understand the next class.【答案】1620 ebcga。完形填空（共20小題;每小題 1.5分,滿分 30分)nellie melba w

52、as australias “queen of opera。 she was born in melbourne in 1861 and her 21 name was helen porter mitchell. she grew up in a musical family where she showed great 22 in music and studied it 。 when she was 20 ， helen mitchell married the manager of a queensland sugar farm 。23 she was not happy and th

53、e next year she went back to melbourne to 24 her music and 25 lessons 。 she wanted to make a 26 for herself as an opera singer。in 1886 she went to london. but 27 there seemed interested in this young 28 singer from australia 。 she went to paris to have lessons from a well.known teacher 。in december

54、1886 she gave a 29 in which she used the name “nellie melba ” in honor of melbourne，her 30 nellie melba was soon a 31 . she sang in london ，學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精20 europe,russia and america。 she was paid 32 every time she sang. in 1902 she 33 to melbourne, which was well 34 and thousands of people 35 in the

55、 streets for her. they waved and 36 as she drove by. from then on she 37 her time between london and 38 . during world war she sang in many concerts to39 money for her country。in 1918 nellie melba was 40 a dame ( an important woman) of the british empire。【語篇解讀】helen porter mitchell于 1861年出生在墨爾本。她出生于

56、音樂世家，對音樂非常感興趣。20歲時嫁給了昆士蘭州的一個老板，但是婚姻并不幸福。后來又回到了家鄉(xiāng)繼續(xù)她的音樂生涯，她到了倫敦未得到認可，然后去巴黎師從于一位著名的教師，后來成為著名歌星 ,1902 年返回家鄉(xiāng)時 ,成千上萬的人在大街上迎接她。21a。real brightctrue dfamily【解析】演員通常有藝名和原名 ,人們常提起的是藝名 ,因此這里指她的真名叫 helen porter mitchell ， 而 true意為“真的 與 false （假學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精21 的)相對?！敬鸢浮縜22a.love binterestcpower dexpert【解析】show

57、interest in 為固定詞組，表示“對表現(xiàn)出興趣”?！敬鸢浮縝23a.and bstillcbut dbecause【解析】根據(jù) not happy可知此處表示轉折。 她嫁了人卻并不幸福?！敬鸢浮縞24a.continue bstudyctake dkeep【解析】這里指她回到墨爾本，“繼續(xù) 她的音樂課程。【答案】a25a.piano bsingingcdancing dlanguage學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精22 【解析】她對音樂感興趣，因此，她應該上音樂課，此處指演唱課程。【答案】b26a.story bsongcname dpart【解析】make a name for sb 。

58、 as sth. 為固定詞組， 表示“某人作為而成名 ，有時也可把 make換成 win.【答案】c27a.everybody ballcno one dnone【解析】她來到倫敦，希望能夠取得成功，但是,似乎沒有人對她感興趣，因此，她又去巴黎，師從于一位著名的教師.no one表示“沒有人”，相當于nobody。【答案】c28a。unknown bwell.knowncfamous dsuccessful【解析】當時 ,她來到倫敦希望成功,當然是一個不知名的歌手。學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精23 【答案】a29a.lesson blecturecconcert dreport【解析】一個歌手當

59、然是舉辦音樂會?！敬鸢浮縞30a。family bhometowncteacher dschool【解析】由文中第一段第二句話可知她出生在melbourne,所以說 melbourne就是她的故鄉(xiāng)?！敬鸢浮縝31a。star bsingercprofessor dteacher【解析】很快，她成為歌星 ,star此處表示歌星 .【答案】a32a。good bbadlyclittle dwell【解析】她成了歌星 ,報酬當然會很高。well 此處用來修飾pay,pay為動詞，應用副詞修飾。學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精24 【答案】d33a。returned bwentcgot ddrove【解析】

60、她一直在外學習、演出 ,1902年她又回到故鄉(xiāng)，故用return.【答案】a34a。organized bdressedccleaned dbuilt【解析】此處 dress表示“裝扮、裝飾”之意。城市被裝扮一新?！敬鸢浮縝35a.lined bstoodccrowded dwaited【解析】有成千上萬的人在街上等著看她。wait與后面的 for搭配構成 wait for 意為“等待 .line 沿排成行； crowd 擁擠.【答案】d36a.laughed bcheeredcshouted dcried學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精25 【解析】wave揮手，cheer歡呼，因為大家都很喜歡她