(完整版)2014英語全國卷1-含答案,推薦文檔

1、2014 年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（全國卷I）（時(shí)間： 120 分鐘 滿分： 150 分）本試卷分第I卷（選擇題）和第u卷（非選擇題）兩部分。第I卷第一部分 聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分 30 分）（見專題十四 ） 第二部分 閱讀理解 （共兩節(jié)，滿分 40 分） 第一節(jié)（共 15 小題；每小題 2 分，滿分 30 分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C 和 D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AThe Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity ChallengeDare to Take the Curiosity Challenge!The Cambridge Sci

2、ence Festival （CSF） is pleased to inform you of the sixth annualCuriosity Challenge.The challenge invites ， even dares school students between theages of 5 and 14 to create artwork or a piece of writing that shows their curiosity andhow it inspires them to explore their world.Students are being dare

3、d to draw a picture， write an article ， take a photo or write apoem that shows what they are curious about.To enter the challenge， all artwork orpieces of writing should be sent to the Cambridge Science Festiva，l MIT Museum ，265 Mass Avenue， Cambridge 02139 by Friday， February 8th.Students who enter

4、 the Curiosity Challenge and are selected as winners will behonored at a special ceremony during the CSF on Sunda，y April 21st.Guest speakerswill also present prizes to the students.Winning entries will be published in abook.Student entries will be exhibited and prizes will be given.Families of thos

5、e whotake part will be included in the celebration and brunch will be served.Between March 10th and March 15th， each winner will be given the specifics of theclosing ceremony and the Curiosity Challenge celebration.The program guidelines andother related information are available a：t http： /cambridg

6、. 21Who can take part in the Curiosity Challenge?A School students.B.Cambridge locals.C.CSF winners.D.MIT artists.22. When will the prize giving ceremony be held?A.On February 8th.B.On March 10th.C.On March 15th.D.On April 21st.23. What type of writing is this text?A.An exhibitio

7、n guide.B.An art show review.C.An announcement.D.An official report.BPassengerpigeons旅鴿）once flew over much of the United States in unbelievablenumbers.Written accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries described flocks（群）solarge that they darke ned the sky for hours.It was calculated that when its p

8、opulation reached its highest poin, there were morethan 3 billion passenger pigeon a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total birdpopulation in the United States making it perhaps the most abundant bird in theworld.Even as late as 1870 when their numbers had already become smaller a flockbeliev

9、ed to be 1 mile wide and 320 miles（about 515 kilometers）long was see n n earCincinn ati.Sadly, the abundance of passe nger pige ons may have bee n their undo in Where thebirds were most abundan, people believed there was an ever lasting supply andkilled them by the thousands.Commercialhunters attrac

10、ted them to small clearings withgrain , waited until pigeons had settled to feed then threw large nets over them takinghundreds at a time.The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in restaura nts.By the closing decades of the 19th century， the hardwood forests where passenger pige ons n ested

11、hadbee n damaged by America ns n eedfohWOcsCattered （驅(qū) 散）the flocks and forced the birds to gofarther north , where cold temperatures and spring storms contributed to their decline.Soon the greatflocks were gon，enever to be seen again.In 1897， the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killi

12、ng of passenger pigeons， but by then，no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years.The last confirmed wild pigeon in the UnitedStates was shot by a boy in Pike Count，y Ohio，in 1900.For a time，a few birds survived under humancare.The last of them， known affectionately as Martha， died at t

13、he Cincinnati Zoological Garden onSeptember ，1 1914.24In the 18th and early 19th centurie，s passenger pigeons _Awere the biggest bird in the worldBlived mainly in the south of AmericaCdid great harm to the natural environmentDwere the largest bird population in the US25The underlined word“undoing ”p

14、robably refers to the pigeons _AescapeBruinCliberationDevolution26What was the main reason for people to kill passenger pigeons?ATo seek pleasure.BTo save other birds.CTo make money.DTo protect crops.27What can we infer about the law passed in Michigan?AIt was ignored by the public.B It was declared

15、 too late.CIt was unfair.DIt was strict.CA typical lion tamer （馴獸師） in people msind is an entertainer holding a whip(鞭)and a chair.The whip gets all of the atte ntion but it s mostly for show .In reality it s the chair thatdoes the important work.When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lion

16、fasce，the lion tries to focuson all four legs of the chair at the same time.With its focus divided，the lion becomes confused and isunsure about what to do next.When faced with so many options，the lion chooses to freeze and waitinstead of attacking the man holding the chair.How often do you find your

17、self in the same position as the lion？How often do you have something youwant to achieve (eg.lose weigh，t start a business，travel more )only to end up confused by all of theoptions in front of you and never make progress?This upsets me to no end becausewhile all the experts are busy debating about w

18、hich option is best，the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information.The endresult is that we feel like we can cus ortthat werefocused on the wrong things，and so we take less action，make less progress，and stay thesame when we could be improving.It do

19、esnt have to be that way.Anytime you find the world waving a chair inyour face，remember this：All you need to do is focus on one thing.You just need to get started.Starting before you feel ready is oneof the habits of successful people.If you have somewhere you want to go，something you want toaccompl

20、ish，someone you want to become.take immediate action.If you e clear aboutrwhere you wantto go，the rest of the world will either help you get there or get out of the way.28Why does the lion tamer use a chair?ATo trick the lion.BTo show off his skills.CTo get ready for a fight.DTo entertain the audien

21、ce.29In what sense are people similar to a lion facing a chair?AThey feel puzzled over choices.BThey hold on to the wrong things.C.They find it hard to make changes.D.They have to do something for show.30. What is the author s attitude towards the expeioned in Paragraph 3?A.Tolerant.B. Doubtful.C. R

22、espectful.D. Supportive.31.When the world is_ “ waving a chair inyour fayou re advised to _A.wait for a better chaneeB.break your old habitsC.make a quick decisionD.ask for clear guidaneeDAs more and more people speak the global languages of EnglishChinese, Spanish, and Arabic, otherIanguages are ra

23、pidly disappearing.ln fa, half of the 6, 0007, 000 Ian guages spoke n around theworld today will likely die out by the n ext cen tury according to the United Nations Educational,Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).In an effort to prevent Ianguage loss , scholars from a number of organizat

24、ions UNESCO andNational Geographic among themhave for many years bee n docume nting dying Ian guages and thecultures they reflect.Mark Turin , a scientist at the Macmillan Cente, Yale University, who specializes in the Ianguages andoral traditions of the Himalayas following in that tradition . His r

25、ecently published book , A Grammar ofThangmi with an Ethnolinguistic Introduction to the Speakersand Their Culture, grows out of hisexperienee living, working and raising a family in a village in Nepal.Documenting the Thangmi language and culture is just a starting point for Turin who seeks to in cl

26、udeother Ian guages and oral traditi ons across the Himalaya n reaches of India, Nepal, Bhutan, andChina.But he is not content to simply record these voices before they disappear without record.At the University of Cambridge Turin discovered a wealth of important materialsincludingphotographs，films

27、，tape recordings，and field noteswhich had remained unstudied and were badlyin need of care and protection.Now，through the two organizations that he has foundedthe Digital Himalaya Project and the WorldOral Literature Project Turin has started a campaign to make such documents，found in libraries ands

28、tores around the world，available not just to scholars but to the younger generations of communitiesfrom whom the materials were originally collected.Thanks to digital technology and the widely availableInternet， Turin notes，the endangered languages can be saved and reconnected with speechcommunities

29、.32 Many scholars are making efforts to _ A promote global languagesBrescue disappearing languagesC search for language communitiesD set up language research organizations 33What does “ that tradition” in Paragraph 3refer to?A Having full records of the languages.BWriting books on language teaching.

30、C Telling stories about language users.D Living with the native speakers.34What is Turin s book based on?A The cultural studies in India.BThe documents available at Yale.C His language research in Bhutan.D His personal experience in Nepal.35 Which of the following best describes Turin wsork?AWrite，s

31、ell and donate.BRecord， repair and reward.C Collect， protect and reconnect. D Design， experiment and report.第二節(jié)（共 5 小題，每小題 2 分，滿分 10 分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng) 為多余選項(xiàng)。The jobs of the future have not yet been invented._36_ By helping them developclassic skills that will serve them well no m

32、atter what the future holds.1.CuriosityYour children need to be deeply curious._37_ Ask kids “What ingredients 配料）can we add to makethese pan cakes eve n better next time ?” and the n try them out.Did those in gredie nts make the pancakes betterWhat could we try n ext time?2.CreativityTrue creativit

33、y is the ability to take something existing and create something newfrom it._38_ There are a dozen different things you can do with them.Experimenting with materials tocreate something new can go a long way in help ing them develop their creativity.3.Interpersonal SkillsUnderstanding how others feel

34、 can be a challenge for kids.We know what s going orin side our own head, but what about others? Being able to read people helps kids from misreading asituation and jumping to false conclusions._39_ “Why do you think she crying ? ”“ Can you tellhow that man is feeling by looking at his face?”“ If so

35、me one were to do that to you how would youfeel ?”4.Self expression40_ There are many ways to express thoughts and idesmusic, acting, drawing,building , photography.You may find that your child is attracted by one more than ano ther.A. Encourage kids to cook with you.B. And we can t forget scieneduc

36、ation.C. We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.D. So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don t yet exist?E. Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill.C. newly collectedD. halffilledF.We can do this in real life or ask questions about c

37、haracters in stories.G. Bei ng able to com muni cate ideas in a meanin gful way is a valuable skill.第三部分 英語知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分 45 分）第一節(jié) 完形填空（共 20 小題；每小題 1.5 分，滿分 30 分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C 和 D）中，選出可以填入 空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。As a general rule all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routi n

38、e（常規(guī)）basis.As a matter of fact, we can see this _ 1_ at work in people of allFor example, on Christmas morning, children are excited about43_ with their new toys.But their_44_ soon wears off and by January those _ 5_ toys can be found put away in thebasement.Theworld is full of _46_ stamp albums and

39、 unfini shed models, each sta nding as amonument to some one 47_ _ iaterest.Whe n parents bring home a pet，their child 48_ bathes it andbrushes its fur.Within a short time，however，the _49 of caring for the animal is handed over to thepare nts.Adolesce nts en ter high school with great _ 0_ but are s

40、oon look ing forward to _51. Thesame is true of the young adults going to college.A nd thephow many52_，who now complain（抱怨）about the long drives to work， 53_ drove for hours at a time whenthey first_54_ their driver s lie 執(zhí)照$? Before people retire，they usually55_ to do a lot of 56_things，which they

41、never had57_ to do while work in g.But _58 after retireme nt, the golfi ng，the fish ing, the read ing and all of theother pastimes become as bori ng as the jobs they 59. And, like the child in January, they go searchingfor new _60 .41. A.principleB. habitC .wayD . power42. A.partiesB. racesC . coun

42、triesD. ages43. A.workingB. livi ngC . playi ngD . goi ng44. A.con fide neeB . in terestC . an xietyD . sorrow45. A.sameB . extraC . funnyD . expensive46. A.well organized B. colorfully printed4247. A.broadB. passingC . differe ntD . mai n48. A.silentlyB. impatientlyC . gladlyD . worriedly49. A.prom

43、iseB. burdenC . rightD . game50. A.courageB. calmnessC . con fusi onD . exciteme nt51. A.graduationB. independenceC . resp on sibility D . success52. A.childrenB. stude ntsC . adultsD . retirees53. A.carefullyB . eagerlyC . n ervouslyD . bravely54. A.requiredB . obta inedC . no ticedD . discovered55

44、. A.needB . lear nC . startD . pla n56. A.greatB . stra ngeC . difficultD . correct57. A.timeB . moneyC . skillsD . kno wledge58. A.onlyB . wellC. evenD . soon59. A.lostB. choseC . leftD . quit60. A.petsB . toysC . frie ndsD . colleagues第U卷第三部分英語知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分 45 分)第二節(jié)(共 10 小題；每小題 1.5 分，滿分 15 分)閱讀下面材料，

45、在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(不多于 3 個(gè)單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確 形式。Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland Ohio.It_61_ (be) uni mag in able that it could ever be clea ned up.The river was so pollutedthat it _62_ (actual) caught fire and bur

46、ned.Now，years later, this river is one of63_ most outsta nding examples of en vir onmen tal clea nup.But the river was n t cha nged in a few 64ys_ even a few mon ths .It took years ofwork _65 (reduce) the in dustrial polluti on and clea n the water.Fi nally，that hardwork paid off and now the water i

47、n the river is _66_(clea n) tha n ever.Maybe you are facing an impossible situati on. Maybe you have a habit67_ isdriving your family crazy.Possibly you drink too much or don t know how to controlyour credit card use.When you face such an impossible situation, don t you want a quick fix andsomething

48、 to change immediately?While there are _68_ (amaze) stories of instant transformatior, for most of us the _69_ （change）are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river.Just be _70_ （patienee）第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分 35 分）第一節(jié) 短文改錯(cuò)（共 10 小題；每小題 1 分，滿分 10 分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請

49、你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有 10 處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、 刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號（人），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2 只允許修改 10 處，多者（從第 11 處起）不計(jì)分。Nearly five years before, and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes圣女果） i n our back

50、garde n. Si nee the nfor all these yearwe had been allowing tomatoes to selfseed where they please. As result，the plants are growing somewhere. The fruits are small in size，but juicy and taste. There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors. Although we allowtomato plants to grow in t

51、he same place year after year but we have n ever had any disease or in sectattack problems. We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost!第二節(jié) 書面表達(dá)（滿分 25 分）假定你是李華，計(jì)劃暑假期間去英國學(xué)習(xí)英語，為期六周。下面的廣告引起了你 的注意，請給該校寫封信，詢問有關(guān)情況（箭頭所指內(nèi)容）。ENJOY AUli KA K |hn：MT|IL I為*話斤n；HI.ANCUAGE CENTRE AND CO】.EGE OF ARTSUNIVKHSITY

52、OF I ANCASTKftJLuraDmffl * knlizth * h * Spsrijirh Jlrt* PnliiJc*HSiKidiOfy HifteryV V 3用k“ fi* wk nd 12 hRejjson.alsle? feeAce ajnaKjdatiLFEL service.typs of acenomadaiion ?注意：1.詞數(shù) 100 左右。2 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。3.參考詞匯： 住宿一 accommodation2014 年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（全國卷I）聽力原文（見專題十四）【語篇解讀】本文是一則關(guān)于第六屆劍橋科技節(jié)的通知。21.A 事

53、實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第一段中 “The challenge invites, even dares school students.show their curiosity可知，在校學(xué)生可以參加好奇心挑戰(zhàn)，故選A。22.D 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第三段中“ stude ntswho en ter the. on Sun day, April 21st. ”可知頒獎(jiǎng)儀式在 4 月 21 日舉行，故選 D。23. C 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段開頭部分 The Cambridge Scienee Festival ispleased to inform you of.”以及文章最后一段中 “The p

54、rogram guidelines and other.at： .可知本文屬于應(yīng)用文中的“通知”?！菊Z篇解讀】本文敘述了旅鴿逐漸消失的過程。Hfcrl difra?SJJEI:7JMUUJ pr fffwfifc FENJOY AUli KA K |hn：MT|IL I為*話斤n；H24.D 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第一段所述在 18 和 19 世紀(jì)，美國大群的旅鴿飛起來可以遮住天空幾個(gè)小時(shí)，所以美國旅鴿的數(shù)量是最大的，故選D。25B 詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第三段中 “where the birds were abundant.by

55、 the thousandS可知旅鴿遭到捕殺，所以 ruin 和 undoing 詞義相似，故選 B。 26C 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。 根據(jù)文章第二段中“Commercial hunters attracted them.sold in restaurantS可知旅鴿遭到捕殺的主要原因是捕殺者要賺錢。故選C。27B 推理判斷題。 根據(jù)文章最后一段中 “In 1897， the state of.for 10 years” 可知通過法律后的 10 年，鴿群數(shù)量仍然不多， 所以制定法律為時(shí)已晚， 故選 B。 【語篇解讀】 本文以馴獸師在馴獸時(shí)用椅子擋在獅子面前來分散它的注意力使 獅子不知所措為引子，聯(lián)想到當(dāng)

56、人們面臨多種選擇感到困惑時(shí)該怎么辦？ 28A 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。 根據(jù)文章第一段中 “When a lion tamer holds achair.what to don ext.”可知，馴獸師拿一把椅子是想哄騙獅子，故選A。29A 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段中 “With its focus divided.what to do next” 可知，當(dāng)人們面臨選擇時(shí)和獅子面對椅子時(shí)的感覺相似，就是困惑，不知所措， 故選 A。 30B 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段中 “This upsets me to no end.is best” 可知，作者對專家的態(tài)度是懷疑的，故選 B。 31C 推理判斷題。

57、根據(jù)文章最后一段中 “Anytime you find the world.you just need to get started.可知，作者建議人們快速做出決定，故選 C。【語篇解讀】 本文敘述了學(xué)者們正在努力記錄瀕臨消失的語言和文化， 來挽救 這些語言。32B 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第二段中 “In an effort to prevent.they reflect. ”可 知學(xué)者們正在努力挽救瀕臨消失的語言。 33A詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第三段中 “But he is not content.without record. ” 可知 that tradition”是指 Turin 記錄語言

58、。故選 A。34D 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第二段中 “.grows out of his experience living， looking and raisinga family in a village in Nepal.” 可知 Turin 的書以其在尼泊爾的 個(gè)人經(jīng)歷為基礎(chǔ)。故選 D。 35 C 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Generations of communities from whom.collected”和 Turin notes the endangered Ianguages.speech communitie 可 知，Turin 的工作是“收集，保護(hù)和使再接合”，故

59、選 C?！菊Z篇解讀】 本文講述了如何幫孩子發(fā)展他們的技能。36. D 根據(jù) By helping them.what the future holds可知這里敘述的是幫助孩子 發(fā)展其技能，所以上句應(yīng)該是應(yīng)該怎樣幫助他們?yōu)閷淼墓ぷ髯龊脺?zhǔn)備。故選D。 37.A 根據(jù) What ingredients can we add to.and try them of 可知這里敘述的是做煎餅時(shí)添加什么配料會更好，所以上句應(yīng)該是鼓勵(lì)孩子和你一起做飯。故選A。 38. C根據(jù) “True creativity is the ability to.from it. ”可知這里敘述的是根據(jù)現(xiàn)存 事物創(chuàng)造新事物。所

60、以后面應(yīng)該是我們可以提供給孩子機(jī)會使他們嘗試創(chuàng)新。 故 選 C。 39. F 根據(jù)下文 “Why do you think. ? ” 和 “Can you tell how. ? ” 以及 “Ifsomeone were.？. ” 可知這里是問孩子怎樣判斷人的情感，所以上文應(yīng)該是我們 在真實(shí)生活中以及在聽故事時(shí)要問這樣的問題。故選F。 40. G 根據(jù)下文 “There are many ways to express.”.可知這里敘述的是有許多方 法可以表達(dá)自己的想法和觀點(diǎn)，所以上文應(yīng)該是用一種有意義的方式交流觀點(diǎn)和 想法是非常珍貴的技能，故選 G。【語篇解讀】 文章講述了一旦我們的各種活動