輝門(mén)火花塞介紹

1、Data classification: InternalChampion Spark PlugSep, 20102Data classification: Confidential9/2010Application Engineering / IgnitionChampion Spark Plug冠軍火花塞冠軍火花塞Champion Overview/冠軍簡(jiǎn)介冠軍簡(jiǎn)介Product Introduction/產(chǎn)品介紹產(chǎn)品介紹 R&D Capability/研發(fā)能力研發(fā)能力 Technology Innovation/技術(shù)創(chuàng)新技術(shù)創(chuàng)新Contents/目錄目錄3Data classif

2、ication: Confidential9/2010Application Engineering / IgnitionChampion Overview冠軍簡(jiǎn)介冠軍簡(jiǎn)介#1 Selling Spark Plug in The World全世界銷(xiāo)量第全世界銷(xiāo)量第1的火花塞的火花塞4Data classification: Confidential9/2010Application Engineering / IgnitionOperation History/業(yè)務(wù)歷史業(yè)務(wù)歷史 1907- Founded in Boston by Robert and Frank Stranahan.1910

3、- Champion moved to Toledo nearby Detroit to service Ford.1955- Cambridge Ohio Ceramic Plant started manufacturing.1957- New metalworking and assembly plant founded in Burlington, Iowa.1958- Full function plant opened in Mexico City, Mexico.1968- Upton plant was founded in UK (consolidated in 2006)1

4、989- Cooper Industries acquired Champion.1993- Toledo upgraded to World Technical Center. 1996- Guangzhou, China Assembly plant started operation.1998- Bhiwadi, India metalworking & assembly plant started operation 1998- Federal Mogul purchased Cooper Automotive Group including Champion.2006- Bh

5、iwadi, India initiated plant expansion and facility upgrade2007- Qingdao, China metalworking & assembly plant project initiated Champion Overview冠軍簡(jiǎn)介冠軍簡(jiǎn)介5Data classification: Confidential9/2010Application Engineering / IgnitionFM OperationsFM LicenseeBurlingtonToledo Tech CtrCambridgeCarpiMexico

6、 CityKorea -YuratechBhiwadiIndonesia PT MultiGuangzhouIsandoDumasQingdaoAutomotive ProductsGlobal Ignition Operations6Data classification: Confidential9/2010Application Engineering / Ignition 1909- First “X” type plug was produced1920- Multiple Ground Electrode introduced.1930s- 4 Prong Ground Elect

7、rode introduced.1935- Five Rib Insulator was introduced. 1962- Platinum spark plug for aviation introduced.1965- Iridium spark plug for aviation introduced.1980- SAC 9 Resistor developed.1982- Single Copper spark plug introduced.1998- Single/Double Platinum spark plug introduced.2002- Double Platinu

8、m rivet/fine wire plug introduced.2003 - 12mm long reach introduced2005- Iridium Automotive Product introduced.Technical Innovation Milestones/技術(shù)創(chuàng)新里程碑技術(shù)創(chuàng)新里程碑Champion Overview冠軍簡(jiǎn)介冠軍簡(jiǎn)介7Data classification: Confidential9/2010Application Engineering / IgnitionGlobal Product Portfolio/全球產(chǎn)品線全球產(chǎn)品線Champion

9、Overview冠軍簡(jiǎn)介冠軍簡(jiǎn)介Spark Plug/火花塞火花塞 延長(zhǎng)壽命的鎳合金設(shè)計(jì) 鉑金和銥金超長(zhǎng)壽命設(shè)計(jì) 汽車(chē)、工業(yè)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)、摩托車(chē)、船用發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)和小發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)完整產(chǎn)品線Ignition Coil/點(diǎn)火線圈點(diǎn)火線圈w 共軌式點(diǎn)火線圈w 雪茄式點(diǎn)火線圈w 單頭點(diǎn)火線圈Glow Plug/電熱塞電熱塞w 普通金屬式w 快速預(yù)熱金屬式w 4 和 5 mm 設(shè)計(jì)w 陶瓷式Ignition Secondary Wire/點(diǎn)火高壓線點(diǎn)火高壓線w 感應(yīng)式高壓線w 特殊耐高溫涂層式8Data classification: Confidential9/2010Application Engineering /

10、 IgnitionSpark Plug Product Range/火花塞產(chǎn)品范圍火花塞產(chǎn)品范圍 Standard標(biāo)準(zhǔn)型標(biāo)準(zhǔn)型Multi-GE多側(cè)極多側(cè)極Surface gap沿面間隙沿面間隙Semi-surface gap半沿面間隙半沿面間隙Bantam矮座型矮座型Industrial工業(yè)火花塞工業(yè)火花塞Marine船用船用Shielded屏蔽型火花塞屏蔽型火花塞Model-T Ford福特福特T型型“The widest range of plugs in the world/全世界最豐富的火花塞產(chǎn)品范圍全世界最豐富的火花塞產(chǎn)品范圍”Champion Overview冠軍簡(jiǎn)介冠軍簡(jiǎn)介9Da

11、ta classification: Confidential9/2010Application Engineering / IgnitionAutomotive/汽車(chē)汽車(chē)Passenger CarsLight TrucksBusesHeavy Duty TrucksMilitary VehiclesSmall Engine/小發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)小發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)AgriculturalMarineMotorcyclesPower MowersChain SawsGarden EquipmentSnowmobileIndustrial/工業(yè)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)工業(yè)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)Large Stationary EnginesCommer

12、cial Mobile Furnace ignitersOver 450 OEM Accounts Worldwide/在全球有超過(guò)在全球有超過(guò)450個(gè)主機(jī)客戶(hù)個(gè)主機(jī)客戶(hù)Champion Manufactures Plugs for Virtually all Combustion Engine in the World冠軍幾乎能為世界上所有的內(nèi)燃機(jī)制造火花塞冠軍幾乎能為世界上所有的內(nèi)燃機(jī)制造火花塞Champion Overview冠軍簡(jiǎn)介冠軍簡(jiǎn)介10Data classification: Confidential9/2010Application Engineering / Ignitio

13、nChampion Spark Plug冠軍火花塞冠軍火花塞Champion Overview/冠軍簡(jiǎn)介冠軍簡(jiǎn)介Product Introduction/產(chǎn)品介紹產(chǎn)品介紹 R&D Capability/研發(fā)能力研發(fā)能力 Technology Innovation/技術(shù)創(chuàng)新技術(shù)創(chuàng)新Contents/目錄目錄11Data classification: Confidential9/2010Application Engineering / IgnitionConfiguration Features/結(jié)構(gòu)特征結(jié)構(gòu)特征(1)Product Introduction 產(chǎn)品介紹產(chǎn)品介紹1 RIB

14、S/傘棱傘棱, 波紋波紋絕緣體傘棱可以增強(qiáng)抗爬電性能和改善與高壓接線帽的連接性2 INSULATOR/絕緣體絕緣體氧化鋁陶瓷具有優(yōu)越的抗電性能、機(jī)械性能、熱傳導(dǎo)性能和抗熱沖擊能力3 HEXAGON/六角對(duì)邊六角對(duì)邊通常被描述為“hex”的六角對(duì)邊主要用來(lái)與安裝套筒相配合，用以拆除和安裝，其尺寸是工業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，并與螺紋尺寸是有關(guān)聯(lián)的4 SHELL/殼體殼體鐵殼通常用冠軍特有的冷擠壓工藝來(lái)精確控制公差，有些型號(hào)的殼體也會(huì)采用六角鋼車(chē)成5 PLATED SHELL FINISH/鍍層表面處理鍍層表面處理提供了防銹和抗腐蝕的額外保護(hù)，也改善了外觀6 ATTACHED GASKET/外墊圈外墊圈層疊式鋼墊圈

15、設(shè)計(jì)簡(jiǎn)化了火花塞的安裝和拆除，并能使火花塞重復(fù)使用。平滑的墊圈密封座提供了良好的墊圈密封性能7 PRECISION ROLLED THREADS/滾絲螺紋滾絲螺紋符合由SAE和ISO制定的規(guī)范8 GROUND ELECTRODE/接地電極接地電極由冠軍開(kāi)發(fā)的鎳合金制造，材料的開(kāi)發(fā)考慮了在各種工況條件下既能抵抗火花燒蝕又能抵抗化學(xué)腐蝕，矩形截面能延長(zhǎng)火花塞的使用壽命。9 PROJECTED INSULATOR/突出型絕緣體突出型絕緣體維持低速條件下的運(yùn)行溫度和抗積炭性能，又能保證在高速運(yùn)行時(shí)有足夠的冷卻來(lái)降低溫度的電極燒蝕。10 CENTER ELECTRODE/中心電極中心電極由冠軍開(kāi)發(fā)的鎳合

16、金制造，材料的開(kāi)發(fā)考慮了在各種工況下既能抵抗火花燒蝕又能抵抗化學(xué)腐蝕12Data classification: Confidential9/2010Application Engineering / IgnitionConfiguration Features/結(jié)構(gòu)特征結(jié)構(gòu)特征(2)Product Introduction 產(chǎn)品介紹產(chǎn)品介紹11 DECORATION/裝飾裝飾標(biāo)識(shí)商標(biāo)名稱(chēng)和火花塞型號(hào)12 TAPER SEAT SHELL/錐座殼體錐座殼體為那些設(shè)計(jì)成使用該類(lèi)火花塞的汽缸提供了更小的裝配公差13 REACH/螺紋長(zhǎng)度螺紋長(zhǎng)度鐵殼的螺紋部分長(zhǎng)度，長(zhǎng)度的設(shè)計(jì)必須符合相應(yīng)的工業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)1

17、4 ELECTRODE GAP/電極間隙電極間隙也叫“火花間隙”，在工廠內(nèi)被調(diào)整到精確的尺寸以符合大部分的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的要求。15 EXTENDED NOSE PROJECTION/加長(zhǎng)型鼻端突出量加長(zhǎng)型鼻端突出量加長(zhǎng)的鼻端突出量可以改善那些對(duì)此有特殊要求的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的燃燒16 THREAD DIAMETER/螺紋尺寸螺紋尺寸常用的螺紋是公制的，而且要符合工業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。13Data classification: Confidential9/2010Application Engineering / IgnitionTerminology of Conventional Plug傳統(tǒng)火花塞的專(zhuān)業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)傳統(tǒng)火花

18、塞的專(zhuān)業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ):Product Introduction 產(chǎn)品介紹產(chǎn)品介紹A THREADED POST/帶螺紋的接線螺桿帶螺紋的接線螺桿B SOLID TERMINAL/整體接線端整體接線端C CEMENT/粘合劑粘合劑D RESISTOR SUPPESSOR/電阻抑制器電阻抑制器E INDUCTIVE SUPPESSOR/電感抑制器電感抑制器F SPRING/彈簧彈簧G SILLMENT SEALS填粉密封填粉密封H INSIDE GASKET/內(nèi)墊圈內(nèi)墊圈I WIDE-BASE INSULATOR/寬座絕緣體寬座絕緣體J FINE WIRE ELECTRODE/精細(xì)電極精細(xì)電極K COPP

19、ER CORED CE/銅芯中心電極銅芯中心電極L FIRING END CEMENT/點(diǎn)火端密封點(diǎn)火端密封M CLOSE CLEARANCE CE/中心電極縫隙中心電極縫隙N SURFACE GAP/沿面間隙沿面間隙O TUNGSTEN ALLOY ELECTRODE/鎢合金電極鎢合金電極14Data classification: Confidential9/2010Application Engineering / IgnitionTerminology of FISS Plug燒結(jié)技術(shù)火花塞的專(zhuān)業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)燒結(jié)技術(shù)火花塞的專(zhuān)業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ):Product Introduction 產(chǎn)品介紹產(chǎn)品介紹1

20、5Data classification: Confidential9/2010Application Engineering / IgnitionBasic Automotive & Small Engine Plugs/基本的汽車(chē)和小發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)火花塞基本的汽車(chē)和小發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)火花塞Product Introduction 產(chǎn)品介紹產(chǎn)品介紹平座突出型平座突出型平座標(biāo)準(zhǔn)型平座標(biāo)準(zhǔn)型錐座突出型錐座突出型精細(xì)電極型精細(xì)電極型矮座型型矮座型型16Data classification: Confidential9/2010Application Engineering / IgnitionProduc

21、t Introduction 產(chǎn)品介紹產(chǎn)品介紹Basic Automotive & Small Engine Plugs/基本的汽車(chē)和小發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)火花塞基本的汽車(chē)和小發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)火花塞沿面間隙型沿面間隙型多側(cè)電極型多側(cè)電極型農(nóng)用機(jī)械型農(nóng)用機(jī)械型賽車(chē)型賽車(chē)型17Data classification: Confidential9/2010Application Engineering / IgnitionConfiguration- Sillment CE Seal/構(gòu)造構(gòu)造-填粉式中心電極密封填粉式中心電極密封Product Introduction 產(chǎn)品介紹產(chǎn)品介紹Up sealing rin

22、g上墊圈上墊圈Prevent leakage between shell and insulatorSpring彈簧彈簧contact suppressor and center electrodeInsulator絕緣體絕緣體Dielectric & Flashover Resistance接線螺帽接線螺帽TerminalConnection to Ignition Energy Source電阻器電阻器SuppressorReduce Electro Magnetic InterferenceBottom sealing ring下墊圈下墊圈Prevent leakage betw

23、een shell and insulatorGround Electrode地電極地電極Provides Return Path for Ignition Energy中心電極密封中心電極密封Center Electrode SealRetains center electrode to Insulator外墊圈外墊圈Outside GasketPrevent leakage from thread中心電極中心電極Center ElectrodeProvides a Path for Ignition Energy fromIgnition Coil to the combustion Ch

24、amberShell殼體殼體Dissipate Heat to Head絕緣體密封絕緣體密封Insulator SealRetains Insulator to Shell Seat18Data classification: Confidential9/2010Application Engineering / IgnitionUp sealing ring上墊圈上墊圈Prevent leakage between shell and insulatorConfiguration- G&B CE Seal/構(gòu)造構(gòu)造-玻璃銅粉式中心電極密封玻璃銅粉式中心電極密封Spring彈簧彈簧co

25、ntact suppressor and center electrodeInsulator絕緣體絕緣體Dielectric & Flashover Resistance接線螺帽接線螺帽TerminalConnection to Ignition Energy Source電阻器電阻器SuppressorReduce Electro Magnetic InterferenceBottom sealing ring下墊圈下墊圈Prevent leakage between shell and insulatorGround Electrode地電極地電極Provides Return P

26、ath for Ignition Energy銅粉密封銅粉密封Brass SealRetains center electrode to Insulator外墊圈外墊圈Outside GasketPrevent leakage from thread中心電極中心電極Center ElectrodeProvides a Path for Ignition Energy fromIgnition Coil to the combustion ChamberShell殼體殼體Dissipate Heat to HeadProduct Introduction 產(chǎn)品介紹產(chǎn)品介紹玻璃密封玻璃密封Glas

27、s SealRetains center electrode to Insulator19Data classification: Confidential9/2010Application Engineering / IgnitionUp sealing ring上墊圈上墊圈Prevent leakage between shell and insulatorConfiguration- FISS/構(gòu)造構(gòu)造-燒結(jié)式中心電極密封燒結(jié)式中心電極密封Insulator絕緣體絕緣體Dielectric & Flashover Resistance整體螺桿整體螺桿Solid TerminalC

28、onnection to Ignition Energy SourceBottom sealing ring下墊圈下墊圈Prevent leakage between shell and insulatorGround Electrode地電極地電極Provides Return Path for Ignition Energy燒結(jié)內(nèi)密封燒結(jié)內(nèi)密封Fired Inner SealRetains center electrode and contact boltOutside Gasket外墊圈外墊圈Prevent leakage from thread中心電極中心電極Center Electr

29、odeProvides a Path for Ignition Energy fromIgnition Coil to the combustion ChamberShell殼體殼體Dissipate Heat to HeadProduct Introduction 產(chǎn)品介紹產(chǎn)品介紹絕緣體密封絕緣體密封Insulator SealRetains Insulator to Shell Seat燒結(jié)電阻燒結(jié)電阻Fired ResistorSuppress RFI level燒結(jié)內(nèi)密封燒結(jié)內(nèi)密封Fired Inner SealRetains center electrode and contact

30、bolt20Data classification: Confidential9/2010Application Engineering / IgnitionSales Symbol/銷(xiāo)售型號(hào)銷(xiāo)售型號(hào)Resistor 電阻型電阻型Shell Design 殼體結(jié)構(gòu)殼體結(jié)構(gòu)Heat Range 熱值熱值Firing End Design點(diǎn)火端結(jié)構(gòu)點(diǎn)火端結(jié)構(gòu)Gap Designation 間隙描述間隙描述Product Introduction 產(chǎn)品介紹產(chǎn)品介紹21Data classification: Confidential9/2010Application Engineering / Ig

31、nitionType Designation/型號(hào)解讀型號(hào)解讀Product Introduction 產(chǎn)品介紹產(chǎn)品介紹22Data classification: Confidential9/2010Application Engineering / IgnitionMetric thread sizes are generally used 通常使用公制螺紋Champion offers designs ranging from M8-M18冠軍能提供從M8到M18的不同螺紋設(shè)計(jì)M8 : Formula 1 Racing 通常用于一級(jí)方程式賽車(chē) M10 : High Performance

32、 Sports Cars, Motorcycles 用于高性能跑車(chē)和摩托車(chē)M12 : European Automotive, Motorcycles 常用于歐洲的汽車(chē),和一些摩托車(chē)M14 : Automotive, Small Engine, Light Industrial 用于大部分的汽車(chē)小發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)和輕型商用車(chē)M18 : Heavy Industrial 用于重型工業(yè)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)Thread Size/螺紋尺寸螺紋尺寸Product Introduction 產(chǎn)品介紹產(chǎn)品介紹23Data classification: Confidential9/2010Application Engineer

33、ing / IgnitionHeat Range/熱值熱值 “Hot” Spark Plug“熱熱”型火花塞型火花塞 For lower output enginers.Retain more hest, to burn off depositsPrevent fouling and assist cold starts“Cold” Spark Plug“冷冷”型火花塞型火花塞For high compression ratio and performance engines that run hotterSpark plug dissipates heat more quickly to a

34、void pre-ignition Large Heat Absorbing Surface Bad Heat Dissipation吸熱面積大，散熱能力差吸熱面積大，散熱能力差 Small Heat Absorbing SurfaceGood Heat Dissipation吸熱面積小，散熱能力好吸熱面積小，散熱能力好Product Introduction 產(chǎn)品介紹產(chǎn)品介紹24Data classification: Confidential9/2010Application Engineering / IgnitionCopper-cored center electrode with

35、Copper-coredor Solid Nickel ground electrode銅芯中心電極和銅芯地電極或純鎳合金地電極銅芯中心電極和銅芯地電極或純鎳合金地電極J type Nickel Alloy Electrodes/J型鎳合金電極型鎳合金電極- 30,000 km service interval in Automotive applications 在汽車(chē)應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域能達(dá)到3萬(wàn)公里的使用壽命- Average ignitability 點(diǎn)火性能一般- Lower required voltage compared to precious metal 與貴金屬相比，點(diǎn)火需求電壓較低P

36、roduct Introduction 產(chǎn)品介紹產(chǎn)品介紹25Data classification: Confidential9/2010Application Engineering / Ignition CC range has become the foremost plug for OE installation. Copper cored ground electrode is unique within the industry.Copper promotes dissipation of heat , reduces GE temperature.Improves combust

37、ion and increases lifetime.Double Copper Core Electrodes/雙銅芯電極雙銅芯電極Product Introduction 產(chǎn)品介紹產(chǎn)品介紹26Data classification: Confidential9/2010Application Engineering / Ignition- 100,000 km service interval in Automotive applications在汽車(chē)應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域能達(dá)到10萬(wàn)公里的使用壽命- Fine wire center electrode improves ignitability精細(xì)中

38、心電極改善了點(diǎn)火能力- Ground electrode V-trim for improved ignitability地電極的V形端部也能改善點(diǎn)火性能- Higher required voltage compared to Nickel electrodes與鎳電極相比，需要較高的點(diǎn)火需求電壓 Fine Wire Precious Metal Electrode/精細(xì)貴金屬電極精細(xì)貴金屬電極Precious metal rivet on center electrode with Precious metal pad on Copper-cored ground electrode中心電

39、極上鉚接了精細(xì)貴金屬，地電極上焊接了貴金屬片Product Introduction 產(chǎn)品介紹產(chǎn)品介紹27Data classification: Confidential9/2010Application Engineering / IgnitionChampion Spark Plug冠軍火花塞冠軍火花塞 Champion Overview/冠軍簡(jiǎn)介冠軍簡(jiǎn)介Product Introduction/產(chǎn)品介紹產(chǎn)品介紹 R&D Capability/研發(fā)能力研發(fā)能力 Technology Innovation/技術(shù)創(chuàng)新技術(shù)創(chuàng)新Contents/目錄目錄28Data classifica

40、tion: Confidential9/2010Application Engineering / Ignition Services as R&D Tech Center for Champion ignition group globally, supporting primarily spark plug work but also glow plug, coil and ignition wire as needed/作為冠軍全球的研發(fā)中心主要為火花塞開(kāi)發(fā)提供服務(wù)，必要時(shí)也服務(wù)于電熱塞、點(diǎn)火線圈和點(diǎn)火高壓線。Champion TC, Toledo, USA/位于美國(guó)托萊多的冠軍

41、技術(shù)中心位于美國(guó)托萊多的冠軍技術(shù)中心Site Function/基地職能基地職能 Advanced product development/產(chǎn)品先期開(kāi)發(fā) Product development/產(chǎn)品開(kāi)發(fā) Advanced process development/工藝先期開(kāi)發(fā) Manf. project engineering/制造工藝開(kāi)發(fā) Prototyping & pilot production/樣品制造和試生產(chǎn)R&D Capability 研發(fā)能力研發(fā)能力29Data classification: Confidential9/2010Application Engine

42、ering / IgnitionR&D Capability 研發(fā)能力研發(fā)能力Test Facilities in Toledo/托萊多的試驗(yàn)設(shè)施托萊多的試驗(yàn)設(shè)施30Data classification: Confidential9/2010Application Engineering / Ignition Ignition lab in Federal-Mogul Shanghai Tech Center will offer spark plug app. engineering service for China local customers/位于上海的輝門(mén)技術(shù)中心將建立一

43、個(gè)專(zhuān)業(yè)的點(diǎn)火系統(tǒng)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，為中國(guó)本地的客戶(hù)提供工程技術(shù)服務(wù)。Federal-Mogul TC, Shanghai, CHINA/位于中國(guó)上海的輝門(mén)技術(shù)中心位于中國(guó)上海的輝門(mén)技術(shù)中心Site Function/基地職能基地職能 Engineering support to local plant/本地工廠技術(shù)支持 Technical service to local customers/本地客戶(hù)技術(shù)服務(wù) Application engineering test/應(yīng)用工程試驗(yàn) Returned spark plug analysis/返回火花塞分析 Validation Test& Repo

44、rt for local plant/本地工廠的型式試驗(yàn)R&D Capability 研發(fā)能力研發(fā)能力31Data classification: Confidential9/2010Application Engineering / IgnitionTC Plug Temp Test Device/火花塞溫度測(cè)量?jī)x器火花塞溫度測(cè)量?jī)x器R&D Capability 研發(fā)能力研發(fā)能力Test Equipment in Shanghai/上海的試驗(yàn)設(shè)備上海的試驗(yàn)設(shè)備FA3 Ionic Current Test Device/離子流測(cè)試儀器離子流測(cè)試儀器FA3Ignition Vol

45、tage Test Equipment/點(diǎn)火電壓測(cè)試儀器點(diǎn)火電壓測(cè)試儀器Used Plug Analysis Facility/使用后的火花塞分析設(shè)施使用后的火花塞分析設(shè)施32Data classification: Confidential9/2010Application Engineering / IgnitionTest Capability試驗(yàn)?zāi)芰υ囼?yàn)?zāi)芰asic inflammationinvestigationDetermine spark plug conceptsat customercustomerTC plug temp.measurementDetermine hottest cyl. and operation point, verifyspark plug temperature 99.9% dense97% denseTechnology Innovation 技術(shù)創(chuàng)新技術(shù)創(chuàng)新41Data classification: Confidential9/2010Application Engineering / Ignition*現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)安裝到發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)在做對(duì)比試驗(yàn) Target = 475(電子行業(yè)電子行業(yè))(軍工行業(yè)軍工行業(yè))(醫(yī)療行業(yè)醫(yī)療行業(yè))Technology Innovation 技術(shù)創(chuàng)新技術(shù)創(chuàng)新42Data classificat