仁愛英語(yǔ)七年級(jí)下冊(cè)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)及練習(xí)題

1、等等 About初一語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)練習(xí) 一頻度副詞（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的標(biāo)志） always>usually>often>sometimes>seldom> never ， once a week, twice a month, three times a year, everyday 對(duì)頻度的提問(wèn)，應(yīng)該用 how often（ ） 1. How often does your sister surf the InternetA. three timeB. three times C. three time every day D. three timesa day（ ） 2

2、. He is going there July 28th.A. on B. at C. in D. to（ ） 3. Thank you for me find my little cat yesterday.A. help B. helps C. helped D. helping（ ） you good at A. swimB. swimming C. to swim D. swam（ ）5. Could I use your computer .A. Yes, I can. B. Yes, you can 't C. Sorry, you can ' t D. No,

3、I can ' t.）6. does it take you to watch TVAbout forty minutes.A. How long B. How muchC. How often D. How many）7. When it rains, I a taxi.A. takeB. ride C. by D. sitA. How long B. How manyC. How oftenD. How much For two weeks.）8. are you staying in Ottawa（）9. Does Babara go to workbus orfootA. to

4、; byB. with; onC. by; on D. on; on（）10. My birthday is in.A. TuesdayB. April C. March 3rd D. Mo nday二.交通方式的表達(dá)：by+交通工具或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)構(gòu)成 by bike, by bus, by car , by plane , by trainby subway，by land, by air, by sea, by water, on foot,（ride a bike, take a bus, take a pla ne, take a train, take the subway, walk

5、to ）問(wèn)交通方式則應(yīng)該用how,女口：How does he go to school How do you go to the park How does she go to work1. My mother goes to work by bus.（ 同義句）My mother goes to work.2. My grandma often goes home by subway.（就戈U線部分提問(wèn)）does your gran dma ofte nhomeYang walks to work everyday .（改為同義句）Miss Yang goes to workeveryda

6、ygran dma usually takes the subway home.（就戈 U線部分提問(wèn)）your grandma go home三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí):1. 定義：表示（說(shuō)話瞬間）正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。經(jīng)常與 now, at the moment, look, listen等詞連用。2. 基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be （am/ is/ are） + v-ing（動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞）I ' m watchingTV now.3. 現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成：( 1)一般情況下在動(dòng)詞詞尾加 ing 。go goingaskf ask inglook look ing(2)以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，去掉e加ing。h

7、avehavingtake takingmakemakingwrite writing( 3)以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)，雙寫最后一個(gè)字母，再加-ing 。get gettingswimswimmingbegin beginningshopshopping4. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的肯定式、否定式、疑問(wèn)式及簡(jiǎn)略回答。( 1)肯定式： bev-ingShe is singing in the next room.(2) 否 定式：be + not + v-ingThe students aren ' t cleaning the room.(3) 般問(wèn)句：be動(dòng)詞提前?？隙ù鹫Z(yǔ)Yes，主語(yǔ)+

8、 be,否定答語(yǔ)No,主語(yǔ)+ be not。5. 特殊疑問(wèn)問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+ be +主語(yǔ)+ doing +其他(疑問(wèn)詞+般疑問(wèn)句)I .寫出下列動(dòng)詞的ing形式1. clean 2. read 3. play 4. have5.get6. eat7. take8. make9. lookn.句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. Amy is playing computer games. (般疑問(wèn)句,肯定回答 )are doing their homework.（一般疑問(wèn)句否定句）3. The students are cleaning the classroom .（一般疑問(wèn)句，否定回答 ）4. I ' m

9、playing football on the playground .（畫線提問(wèn)）5. Tom is reading books in his study .（畫線提問(wèn)）四現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的區(qū)別：（一）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)定義：表示經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作。 經(jīng)常與頻率副詞（時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)）連用：often經(jīng)常,usually 通常,always 總是，every 每個(gè),sometimes 有時(shí)，at在幾點(diǎn)鐘等。 只有第三 人稱單數(shù)用動(dòng)詞三單形式，其余動(dòng)詞均用原形 。（二）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1. 定義：表示（說(shuō)話瞬間）正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,。經(jīng)常與now, at the moment,look, listen等詞連用。1

10、. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作的暫時(shí)性，而一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示動(dòng)作的習(xí)慣性和經(jīng)常性I am watch ing TV now. （暫時(shí)性）I watch TV every day. （經(jīng)常性）2. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)可表示短暫性動(dòng)作，而一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示長(zhǎng)久性動(dòng)作。Lucy is living in Beijing. (短時(shí)間居住)Lucy lives in Beijing. (長(zhǎng)久性居住)I用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. We often(play) in the playground.2. He (get) up at six o 'clock.3. Who(sing)a song Li Ying is.5.

11、Danny (study) English, Chinese, math, science and art at school.6. Mike sometimes (go) to the park with his sister.7. Mike(read) English every day8. Look,the boy(run)fast.9. What are you doing I(do) my homework.10. Look ！ The boy over there(play) a model plane.五、there be 句型1、 定義： There be 句型表示某處存在某物

12、或某人。2、結(jié)構(gòu)： (1) There is +單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 / 不可數(shù)名詞 + 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ) .(2) There are +復(fù)數(shù)名詞 +地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ) .注意事項(xiàng)： there 是引導(dǎo)詞，在句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，翻譯時(shí)也不必譯出。句子 的主語(yǔ)是某人或某物，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 be 要與主語(yǔ)(某人或某物)的數(shù)保持一致。當(dāng)主語(yǔ) 是兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的名詞時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與跟它最近的那個(gè)名詞一致。如： There is a teacher and many students in our classroom. 我們教室里有一位老師和許多學(xué)生。There are many students and a teacher in

13、our classroom.樹下有兩個(gè)男孩，一個(gè)女孩there be 句型的常考點(diǎn) 考點(diǎn)一：各種句型轉(zhuǎn)化。1：變成否定There be句型的否定式的構(gòu)成和含有 be動(dòng)詞的其它句型一樣，在 be后加上not或 no即可。注意 not和no的不同：not是副詞，no為形容詞，not a/an/any + n. 相 當(dāng)于 no+ n. 。例如：There is a bike behind the tree. There isn't a bike behind the tree. =There is no bike behind the tree.2：變成一般疑問(wèn)句There be 句型的一般

14、疑問(wèn)句變化是把 be 動(dòng)詞調(diào)整到句首，再在句尾加上問(wèn)號(hào)即可。 但同時(shí)要注意：當(dāng)肯定句中有some時(shí)，要將其改為any （否定變化也一樣）。There is some water on Mars. Is there any water on Mars Yes, thereis. No, there isn't.There are some fish in the water.Are there any fish in the waterYes, there are. No,there aren 't.What's over thereWho is in the room

15、Where is the computer3：特殊疑問(wèn)句 對(duì)主語(yǔ)提問(wèn)：當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是人的時(shí)候，則用 who 引導(dǎo)，當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是物的時(shí)候，則用 what 引 導(dǎo)。注意：無(wú)論原句的主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)， 對(duì)之提問(wèn)時(shí)一般都用be的單數(shù)形式（回 答時(shí)卻要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況來(lái)決定 ）。如：There are many things over there.There is a little girl in the room.對(duì)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)提問(wèn)：則用 where 引導(dǎo)。如：Where are the four childrenThere is a computer on the desk.There are four child

16、ren on the playground.對(duì)數(shù)量提問(wèn)：般有兩種句型結(jié)構(gòu)：How many復(fù)數(shù)名詞+are there+ 介詞短語(yǔ)How much+不可數(shù)名詞+is there+ 介詞短語(yǔ) 練習(xí)I. 將下列句子變成否定句和一般疑問(wèn)句。issomewaterinthebottle.aremanyapplesinthebox.II. 對(duì)句子劃線部分提問(wèn)。are seven days in a week.are lots_of_books in ouris a kn ife over there.is a little milk in the glass. 。()notmilk in the cup

17、 on the table .A. are, many B. are , much C. is ,manyD. is ,much()manyare there in the roomA. appleB. stude ntsC. milkD. paper()10. Theresometh ing wrong with our classroom.A. areB. hasC. isD. have六、介詞I、 at +具體時(shí)刻：at 3 : 00 on +具體某天 in +年、月、季節(jié)及一天中的某部分eg. the morning Monday morning 3. _ a rainy evenin

18、g4. _3:502002the morning of April 10spring nightthis time 10. _ March)前有 last,另外注意：在時(shí)間詞（ morning , afternoon , evening ; Sundaynext , this , that時(shí)，不再用介詞 . tomorrow, tonight前也不用介詞n> in , on , at表地點(diǎn)：at 一般指小地方；in一般指大地方或某個(gè)范圍之內(nèi)；on 往往表示“在某個(gè)物體的表面”。eg. 1）He arrived _Shanghai yesterday.2）They arrived _a s

19、mall village before dark.3）There is a big hole the wall.4）The teacher put up a picture the wall.川、in the tree（外加在樹上的事物） on the tree（樹上自身具有的花、果、 葉等）in the wall（ 鑲嵌在墻內(nèi)部的事物 ） on the wall（ 墻表面的事物 ）1）There is a map _ the wall2）There are four windows _ the wall.V、in frontof :在前面/方（范圍外）in thefront of: 在前部（

20、范 圍內(nèi))類似區(qū)別： at the back of 與 behind七、一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)1一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀 語(yǔ)連用。一般過(guò)去時(shí)也表示過(guò)去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。2. Be動(dòng)詞在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中的變化：am 和is 在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中變?yōu)?waso( was not=wasn't )are 在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中變?yōu)?were。( were not=weren't )帶有was或were的句子，其否定、疑問(wèn)的變化和is, am, are 一樣，即否定句在 was或 were后加not，般疑問(wèn)句把 was或 were調(diào)到句首。3句中沒有be動(dòng)詞的一般

21、過(guò)去時(shí)的句子否定句：did n't + 動(dòng)詞原形，如： Jim went home yesterday.Jim did n't go home yesterday.一般疑問(wèn)句：在句首加did，句子中的動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變回原形。女口： Jim went home yesterday. Did Jim go home yesterday特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+般疑問(wèn)句女口： Jim went home yesterday.Did Jim go home yesterday What did Jim do yesterday 與表示過(guò)去的一些時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。1. yesterday 或以其構(gòu)成的

22、短語(yǔ) ：yesterday morning(afternoon, evening)等；2. 由"last+ 一時(shí)間名詞”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)：last n ight, last year (wi nter, mon th,week) 等;動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變化規(guī)則：1. 一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加-ed，如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked2. 結(jié)尾是 e力卩d，如：taste-tasted3. 末尾是輔音字母加一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再力卩-ed，如：stop-stopped4. 以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i， 再加-ed，如：study-studi

23、ed5. 不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式：過(guò)去時(shí)練習(xí)寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式cooken joydancehelplivebeg inhurtdrawwritereadcomegodoisarecomeplay_ sing_ ask dance_have_ write can swim_ride take_ speak_ make_一、用 be 動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1 I at school just now.2 He at the camp last week.3 We students two years ago.4 They on the farm a moment ago.5 Yang Ling elev

24、en years old last year.6 There an apple on the plate yesterday.7 There some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8 The mobile phone on the sofa yesterday evening.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. It was exciting.否定句： 一般疑問(wèn)句： 肯、否定回答： 2. All the students were very excited.否定句： 一般疑問(wèn)句： 肯、否定回答： 3. Su Hai took some photos at the Sports da

25、y.否定句： 一般疑問(wèn)句： 肯、否定回答： 4. Nancy went to school early.否定句： 一般疑問(wèn)句： 肯、否定回答： 5. We sang some English songs.否定句： 一般疑問(wèn)句： 肯、否定回答： 綜合時(shí)態(tài)練習(xí)：用正確的動(dòng)詞形式填空。children are (run) there now. up at half past six this morning. (get ) mother a lot of fruit yesterday afternoon . (buy)! Who(sing) in the music room Oh. Mary (

26、sing) there. a meeting yesterday. ( not have) you ( have) any color pens -Sorry, I don ' t have any. likes eggs, but she (not like) bread.mother (tell) me a story every night.How much meat you (want) - A kilo, please. (be) in the next room. (be) a pen and two erasers in the pencil- box. twins thirteen two years ago. (be) her friend (swim) now, do you know ! The bus (come). (go) to school from Monday to Friday. always (do) your homework well. she (do) -She (clean) her room now. at the man. He (drink) tea.! She (sing) an English song. (clean