壓路機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)外文翻譯

1、壓路機(jī)壓路機(jī)（有時(shí)稱為過山車壓實(shí)機(jī)，或者只是壓路機(jī)）是一種壓縮型工程 車輛使用壓縮土壤，礫石，混凝土，或在道路和基礎(chǔ)建設(shè)的瀝青。在世界一些地方， 壓路機(jī)仍然被俗稱為蒸汽壓路機(jī)， 不論其推進(jìn)的方法。 這通常只適用于最大的例子（道路決策使用） 。關(guān)鍵字：壓路機(jī)1. 歷史 第一壓路機(jī)是馬車，并很可能只是借農(nóng)具。 由于一輥的有效性取決于它的重量上， 馬自供電取代車輛來自于十八世 紀(jì)輥很大程度上。第一次這樣的車輛被蒸汽滾筒。雙缸設(shè)計(jì)是首選。單缸蒸 汽壓路機(jī)是罕見和不得人心的， 從蒸汽機(jī)的權(quán)力沖動(dòng)會(huì)產(chǎn)生輕微的波浪的道 路。在美國(guó)的一些公司所采用的道路，通過 20世紀(jì) 50 年代蒸汽壓路機(jī)，并 在英國(guó)，一些

2、留在商業(yè)服務(wù)，直至 70 年代初。由于內(nèi)燃機(jī)技術(shù)在 20 世紀(jì)，煤油，改善汽油（汽油）和柴油動(dòng)力輥逐 步取代它們的蒸汽動(dòng)力同行。第一內(nèi)燃機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)的壓路機(jī)非常相似，它們的蒸 汽滾筒取代。他們用類似的機(jī)制來傳送從發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)動(dòng)力到車輪上，一般大，裸 露的齒輪。有些公司不喜歡他們?cè)谟啄陼r(shí)，作為時(shí)代的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)是典型的難以 啟動(dòng)，特別是煤油驅(qū)動(dòng)的。實(shí)際上，現(xiàn)在在商業(yè)用途所有壓路機(jī)使用的是柴 油動(dòng)力。在英國(guó)的名字“瓦克板”或者“瓦克”一般是指平板夯，從瓦克建筑機(jī) 械股份公司的這種裝置的知名制造商的名稱派生。這個(gè)名字的發(fā)音為，而不 是正確的德國(guó)vacker彌天大謊英式風(fēng)格。一個(gè)“跳杰克”是俗稱壓縮稱為“水 稻的摩托車

3、”，由于建筑工人的愛爾蘭傳統(tǒng)的資源， 以及經(jīng)營(yíng)方式， 似乎“順 風(fēng)車”錘子舉辦像摩托車處理。2. 用途壓路機(jī)使用的汽車的重量壓縮表面正在展開。 襯底的初始?jí)簩?shí)做是使用 氣動(dòng)輪胎式壓路機(jī)，有兩行（正面及背面）的充氣輪胎。輪胎的靈活性，一 個(gè)車輪的垂直運(yùn)動(dòng)一定的份量，使輥不平地面上操作有效。終點(diǎn)是通過使用 金屬鼓輥，以確保順利，甚至結(jié)果。滾筒還可用于垃圾填埋壓實(shí)。這種壓實(shí)機(jī)通常轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)（ “羊英尺”）輪轂， 并沒有形成一個(gè)光滑的表面。由于小面積接觸地面，在壓縮方面可以得到幫商業(yè)用途 許多零售和服務(wù)行業(yè)，如快餐店，餐館和酒店，使用壓實(shí)機(jī)，以減少數(shù) 量的非循環(huán)再造的廢物，以及打擊滋擾，例如老鼠和氣味。在這

4、種滋擾酒店 行業(yè)寬容是特別低。 這些壓縮機(jī)通常進(jìn)來電動(dòng)和液壓操作， 與不少裝載配置。 最受歡迎的裝載配置屬于下列：1. 地面交通2.步行上;3.擔(dān)保室內(nèi)滑道。 這些壓實(shí)機(jī)幾乎全是鋼結(jié)構(gòu)焊接有兩個(gè)原因：壓力和接觸元素的耐久 性，如壓縮機(jī)安裝在室外或完全或有時(shí)根據(jù)覆蓋卸貨。住宅用途 也有垃圾的住宅用途，同樣，減少數(shù)量，氣味和垃圾壓實(shí)機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)的鼠患 問題。這是特別有價(jià)值的家庭， 經(jīng)常如一次性 - 尿布箱或蔬菜不可食部分項(xiàng)目 的處置從一個(gè)大花園。 與此相關(guān)的， 有經(jīng)常的垃圾袋數(shù)量限制 /可以離開住宅 皮卡，有利于進(jìn)一步呈現(xiàn)向這些家庭的壓縮機(jī)以外的容器。城市用途 除汽車及堆填區(qū)的廢物利用，有太陽(yáng)能為動(dòng)力的

5、垃圾壓實(shí)機(jī)，可容納了200 加侖的垃圾相當(dāng)于之前， 他們需要清空。這些設(shè)備的主要制造商 BigBelly 太陽(yáng)能。建筑行業(yè) 在建筑，主要有三種類型的壓縮機(jī)，在平板夯的“跳杰克”和壓路機(jī)。滾筒式壓縮機(jī)用于壓縮為下面的混凝土或石料板材基地基金會(huì)或碎石層。 平 板夯振動(dòng)有一個(gè)大的基板，是創(chuàng)造一個(gè)適合的水平等級(jí)，而跳躍插孔壓實(shí)機(jī) 具有更小的腳。杰克的跳躍式，主要用于小型的水或供氣管道狹窄坑道回填 等輥道也可能有振動(dòng)壓路機(jī)3. 配置滾筒可以是簡(jiǎn)單的鼓柄是由一個(gè)人操作，重 100 磅或開著壓路機(jī)重 21 噸，耗資超過 15 萬美元。一個(gè)填埋場(chǎng)的單位，重 59（54 噸）短噸。在一些 機(jī)器，鼓可裝滿了水的。

6、滾子類型?手動(dòng)步行背后?本站步行落后（電動(dòng)或柴油 /天然氣供電） ?戴輥（手動(dòng)單位或射頻遙控）?乘騎?乘騎的可拆式酒吧?乘上闡明旋轉(zhuǎn)式?振動(dòng)?氣動(dòng)輪胎?拖拉機(jī)安裝和供電滾筒類型滾筒有各種寬度： 24到 84吋?單滾筒羊 /墊英尺（土）?單滾筒順利（瀝青）?雙滾筒（雙面）羊 /墊英尺（土）?雙滾筒（雙面）順利（瀝青） 變化和特點(diǎn)在一些機(jī)器，可在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)充滿達(dá)到預(yù)期的重量的水。當(dāng)滾筒變空時(shí)，輕機(jī) 更容易和更便宜的運(yùn)輸工作地點(diǎn)之間。?附加壓實(shí)可實(shí)現(xiàn)滾筒振動(dòng)，使一小的，輕的設(shè)備表現(xiàn)和重的設(shè)備一樣 好。振動(dòng)通常是由于自由旋轉(zhuǎn)的滾筒內(nèi)的軸偏心重被重視靜壓馬達(dá)。?水潤(rùn)滑可提供給在滾筒表面，以防止（例如）滾燙的瀝

7、青粘在滾筒 上。?液壓傳動(dòng)允許更大的設(shè)計(jì)靈活性，而早期的實(shí)例直接使用機(jī)械驅(qū)動(dòng)，液 壓減少暴露在污染的移動(dòng)部件的數(shù)量。?人類式滾筒可能只有單一輥筒。振動(dòng)壓路機(jī)的說明振動(dòng)壓路機(jī)是一種具有滾筒（筒或水平缸） ，在致密（緊湊型）土壤，瀝青 或通過其他組合材料上應(yīng)用靜態(tài)和動(dòng)態(tài)力 （重量和振動(dòng)）來提高地面承載的能力。這臺(tái)機(jī)器可以有一個(gè)或多個(gè)缸， 不得不靠馬力推進(jìn)。 這臺(tái)機(jī)器可能有像橡膠 輪胎驅(qū)動(dòng)一樣的單元。在離心力的作用通常是制作一個(gè)或多個(gè)旋轉(zhuǎn)重量偏離中 心，這產(chǎn)生了鼓循環(huán)運(yùn)動(dòng)。 鼓的幅度和鼓運(yùn)動(dòng)涵蓋了廣泛的價(jià)值觀頻率。 鼓和驅(qū) 動(dòng)車輪可能會(huì)平穩(wěn)或可能包括為特定目的而設(shè)計(jì)的預(yù)測(cè)壓實(shí)?？梢杂貌煌牧?， 尺寸

8、和形狀來預(yù)測(cè)。 振動(dòng)壓路機(jī)可以能是自走式或牽引式， 剛架式或鉸鏈?zhǔn)剑?無 論是駕駛或行走，都可以手動(dòng)或遙控控制。比較評(píng)級(jí)振動(dòng)壓路機(jī)由于上述壓實(shí)性能在實(shí)現(xiàn)上述變數(shù)很多， 沒有已知的規(guī)范， 表明了振動(dòng)壓路 機(jī)的整體效能。 最好的振動(dòng)壓路機(jī)之間的相對(duì)位置， 是造成密度， 表面平滑度和 對(duì)特定的應(yīng)用程序的生產(chǎn)速度4. 壓實(shí)機(jī) 壓實(shí)機(jī)械是一種機(jī)器或裝置來減少通過壓實(shí)的廢料或土壤的大小。 進(jìn)行 的試驗(yàn)在世界各地的商業(yè)， 學(xué)術(shù)和工作都表明， 在實(shí)現(xiàn)振動(dòng)壓實(shí)密度的優(yōu)勢(shì)， 深度滲透和壓實(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)。這兩個(gè)機(jī)器的物質(zhì)因素，促進(jìn)其成功。許多這樣的因 素存在，它們是相互關(guān)聯(lián)和相互影響各不相同， 重視具有不同的物質(zhì)和工作條件

9、。 壓實(shí)效果也很大程度上取決于材料 被壓縮。典型的變量包括物質(zhì)或?yàn)r青水分含量，提升厚度，溫度類型和基本 的支持。此外，在被當(dāng)作密度增加，壓縮變材料的特性。通常由液壓驅(qū)動(dòng)，壓縮機(jī)需要很多的形狀和大小。例如，在堆填區(qū)，車 輪與尖刺大型推土機(jī)填埋壓實(shí)稱為是用來驅(qū)動(dòng)了由垃圾車（WCVs）存放廢棄物。WCVs 自己納入壓實(shí)機(jī)制，是用來提高車輛的有效載荷，減少次數(shù)已經(jīng) 為空。這通常采用的形式液壓動(dòng)力滑板，列出收集料斗掃描和壓縮成什么已 加載的材料。不同的壓實(shí)機(jī)用于金屬?gòu)U料的處理，最常見的是汽車破碎機(jī)。這種裝置 可以是在一個(gè)巨大的下降的“薄餅”型汽車液壓驅(qū)動(dòng)板把廢料夷為平地。另 一種是打包機(jī)，那里的汽車是從

10、幾個(gè)方向壓縮， 直到它類似于一個(gè)大立方體。Road rollerA road roller (sometimes called a roller-compactor, or just roller) is a compactor type engin eeri ng vehicle used to compact soil, gravel, con crete, or asphalt in the con struct ion of roads and foun datio ns.In some parts of the world, road rollers are still known

11、colloquially as steam rollers, regardless of their method of propulsion. This typically only applies to the largest examples (used for road-mak in g).Mai n article: steamroller1. HistoryThe first road rollers were horse-drawn, and probably just borrowed farm impleme nts .Si nee the effective ness of

12、 a roller depe nds on a large exte nt on its weight, self-powered vehicles replaced horse-draw n rollers from the mid 1800s. The first such vehicles were steam rollers. Double-cyli nder desig ns were preferred. Sin gle-cyli nder steam rollers were un com mon and un popular, as the power impulses fro

13、m the steam engine would produce slight waves in the road. Some road companies in the United States used steamrollers through the 1950s, and in the UK, some remained in commercial service until the early 1970s.As internal combusti on engine tech no logy improved duri ng the 20th cen tury, kerosene-,

14、 gasoline- (petrol), and diesel-powered rollers gradually replaced their steam-powered counterparts. The first internal-combustion powered road rollers were very similar to the steam rollers they replaced. They used similar mecha ni sms to transmit power from the engine to the wheels, typically larg

15、e, exposed spur gears. Some companies did not like them in their infancy, as the engines of the era were typically difficult to start, particularly the kerosene-powered ones. Virtually all road rollers in commercial use now use diesel powerIn England the name "wacker plate" or just "w

16、acker" is commonly used to refer to plate compactors, derived from the n ame of Wacker Con structi on Equipme nt AG, a well-k nown manu facturer of such devices. The n ame is pronoun ced in the En glish style as whacker as opposed to the correct German vacker. A "Jumping Jack" compact

17、or is colloquially referred to as "Paddy's Motorbike", due to the traditi onal resource of Irish con struct ion labourers, and the way that the operator appears to "ride" the hammer holding the handles like a motorcycle.2. UsesRoad rollers use the weight of the vehicle to com

18、press the surface being rolled. Initial compaction of the substrate is done using a pneumatic-tyred roller, with two rows (front and back) of pneumatic tyres. The flexibility of the tyres, with a certain amount of vertical movement of the wheels, enables the roller to operate effectively on uneven g

19、round. The finish is done using metal-drum rollers to ensure a smooth, even result.Rollers are also used in landfill compaction. Such compactors typically have knobbed ("sheeps-foot") wheels, and do not achieve a smooth surface. The knobs aid in compression due to the smaller area contacti

20、ng the ground.Commercial useMany retail and service businesses,such as fast food, restaurants, and hotels, use compactors to reduce the volume of non-recyclable waste as well as curb nuisance such as rodents and smell. In the hospitality industry tolerance for such nuisances is particularly low. The

21、se compactors typically come in electric and hydraulic operation, with quite a few loading configurations. Most popular loading configurations fall under the following:1. Ground-Access;2. Walk-On;3. Secured Indoor Chute.These compactors are almost exclusively of welded steel construction for two rea

22、sons: durability under pressure and exposure to the elements, as compactors are installed either completely outdoors or sometimes under a covered loading dock.Residential useThere are also trash compactors designed for residential use which, likewise, reduce the volume, smell, and rodent problems of

23、 garbage. This can be especially valuable for households which regularly dispose of items such as disposable-diaper boxes or the non-edible portions of vegetables from a large garden. Related to this, there are frequently limits to the number of trash bags/receptacles that can be left outside for re

24、sidential pickup, which further renders such compactors beneficial to such households.Municipal useIn addition to the waste vehicle and landfill use, there are solar-powered trash compactors that can hold the equivalent of 200 gallons of trash before they need to be emptied. The primary manufacturer

25、 of these devices is Big Belly Solar.Construction useIn construction, there are three main types of compactor; the plate compactor, the "Jumping Jack" and the road roller. The roller type compactors are used for compacting crushed rock as the base layer underneath concrete or stone foundat

26、ions or slabs. The plate compactor has a large vibrating base plate and is suited for creating a level grade, while the jumping jack compactor has a smaller foot. The jumping jack type is mainly used to compact the backfill in narrow trenches for water or gas supply pipes etc. Road rollers may also

27、have vibrating rollers.3. ConfigurationsThe roller can be a simple drum with a handle that is operated by one man, and weighs 100 pounds, or as large as a ride-on road roller weighing 21 short tons and costing more than US$150,000. A landfill unit can weigh 59 short tons (54 tonnes). On some machine

28、s the drums may be filled with water.Roller Types? Manual walk-behind? Powered walk-behind (electric or diesel/gas powered)? Trench roller (manual units or radio-frequency remote control)? Ride-on? Ride-on with knock-down bar? Ride-on articulating-swivel? Vibratory? Pneumatic-type? Tractor mounted a

29、nd poweredDrum typesDrums come in various widths: 24-to-84 inches? Single-drum sheeps/pad-foot (soil)? Single-drum smooth (asphalt)? Double-drum (duplex) sheeps/pad-foot (soil)? Double-drum (duplex) smooth (asphalt)? 3-wheel cleat with bulldozing blade (landfills) Variations and features? On some ma

30、chines, the drums may be filled with water on site to achieve the desired weight. When empty, the lighter machine is easier and cheaper to transport between work sites.? Additional compaction may be achieved by vibrating the roller drums, making a small, light machine perform as well as a much heavi

31、er one. Vibration is typically caused by a free-spinning hydrostatic motor inside the drum to whose shaft eccentric weights have been attached.? Water lubrication may be provided to the drum surface to prevent (for example) hot asphalt sticking to the drum.? Hydraulic transmissions permit greater de

32、sign flexibility, while early examples used direct mechanical drives; hydraulics reduce the number of moving parts exposed to contamination.? Human-propelled rollers may only have a single roller drum.? Steam roller -the first powered road rollers? Roller (agricultural tool) for farm rollers? Landfi

33、ll compaction vehicle? Road Roller Association-UK-based society dedicated to the preservation of steam (and motor) rollers and ancillary road-making equipment.Description of a vibratory rollerA vibratory roller is a compactor having a drum (roll or horizontal cylinder) used to density (compact) soil

34、, asphalt or other materials through the application of combined static and dynamic forces (weight and vibrations) to increase the load-bearing capacity of the surface.The machine may have one or more drums, which mayor may not be powered for propulsion. The machine may have drive members such as ru

35、bber tires in addition to the drums. The centrifugal force is normally produced by one or more rotating off center weights, which produce a cyclic movement of the drum. The amplitude and frequency of drum movements cover a wide range of values. The drum(s) and drive wheels may be smooth or may inclu

36、de projections designed for specific compaction purposes. These projections vary as to material, size and shape.Vibratory rollers may be self-propelled or towed, rigid frame or articulated, and controlled by either a riding or walking operator, manually or remotely.Comparative rating of vibratory ro

37、llers .Due to the many variables mentioned above in achieving compaction performance, there is no known specification which indicates the overall effectiveness of a vibratory roller. The best comparative rating between vibratory rollers is the resulting density, surface smoothness and rate of produc

38、tion on a specific application.4. CompactorA compactor is a machine or mechanism used to reduce the size of waste material or soil through compaction. A trash compactor is often used by homes and businesses to reduce the volume of trash.Testsconducted around the world commercially, academically and on the job have shown the benefits of vibratory Compaction for achieving density, depth penetration and economy of compaction. Both machine and material factors contribute to its success.Many such factors exist; they are interrelated; and each varies in effect and im