初一英語五種基本句型及練習(xí)

1、五種基本句型與初中英語寫作一：基本句型基本句型一 : 主 +系 +表此句型的句子有一個(gè)共同的特點(diǎn) :句子謂語動(dòng)詞都不能表達(dá)一個(gè)完整的意思 ,必須加上一個(gè)表明主語身份或狀態(tài)的表語構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語 ,才能表達(dá)完整的意思 .這類動(dòng)詞叫做連系動(dòng)詞 .連系動(dòng)詞分兩類 :be, look, keep, seem等屬一類 ;get, grow, become, turn等屬另一類 ,表示變化的 be 動(dòng)詞本身沒有什么意義 ,只起連系主語和表語的作用 .其它連系動(dòng)詞仍保持其部分詞義 .1.This is an English-Chinese dictionary. 這是本英漢辭典 .2.The dinner sm

2、ells 午good餐的.氣味很好 .3. His face turned 他的red臉.紅了4. Everything looks different一切看.來都不同了 .5. He is growing tall and strong他長得.又高又壯 .基本句型二 : 主 +謂 (不及物動(dòng)詞 )此句型的句子有一個(gè)共同特點(diǎn) ,即句子的謂語動(dòng)詞都能表達(dá)完整的意思 .這類動(dòng)詞叫做不及物動(dòng)詞 ,后面可以跟副詞 ,介詞短語等 .1. The sun was shining太陽.在照耀著 .2. The moon rose月.亮升起了 .3. What he said does not matter他

3、所講.的沒有什么關(guān)系 .4. They talked for half an hour他.們談了半個(gè)小時(shí) .5. The pen writes smoothly這.支筆書寫流利 .基本句型三 : 主+謂(及物 )+賓此句型句子的共同特點(diǎn)是 :謂語動(dòng)詞都具有實(shí)義 ,都是主語產(chǎn)生的動(dòng)作 ,但不能表達(dá)完整的意思 ,必須跟有一個(gè)賓語 ,即動(dòng)作的承受者 ,才能使意思完整 .這類動(dòng)詞叫做及物動(dòng)詞 .1. Who knows the answer？誰知道答案？2. He enjoys reading他喜.歡看書 .3. He admits that he was mistaken他承.認(rèn)犯了錯(cuò)誤 .基本句型

4、四 : 主 +謂 (及物 )+雙賓（間賓 +直賓）此句型的句子有一個(gè)共同特點(diǎn) :謂語動(dòng)詞必須跟有兩個(gè)賓語才能表達(dá)完整的意思 .這兩個(gè)賓語一個(gè)是動(dòng)作的直接承受者 ,另一個(gè)是動(dòng)作的間接承受者 .通常這一間接承受者用一個(gè)介詞來連接 ,當(dāng)動(dòng)作的間接承受者在動(dòng)作的直接承受者之前時(shí) ,這一介詞往往被省略 .1.She ordered herself a new她給dress自己.定了一套新衣裳 .2.I showed him icturesmyp. 我給他看我的照片 .3.He bought you a dictionary他給你.買了一本字典 .4.I told him that the bus was

5、我告late訴.他汽車晚點(diǎn)了 .5. He showed me how to run the machine他教.我開機(jī)器 .基本句型五 : 主 +謂 (及物 )+復(fù)合賓語（賓 +賓補(bǔ)）此句型的句子的共同特點(diǎn)是 : 動(dòng)詞雖然是及物動(dòng)詞 ,但是只跟一個(gè)賓語還不能表達(dá)完整的意思 ,必須加上一個(gè)補(bǔ)充成分來補(bǔ)足賓語 ,才能使意思完整 .1. They painted the door他們green把門.漆成綠色 .2. They found the house deserted他們發(fā)現(xiàn).那房子無人居住.3. What makes him think？ so他怎么會(huì)這樣想？ .4. We saw him

6、 我out們.送他出去 .5. He asked me to come back 他soon要我.早點(diǎn)回來 .6. I saw them getting on the thatbus timea. 我看見他們當(dāng)時(shí)在上了那輛公共汽車.二：請判斷下列句子的結(jié)構(gòu)類型：1.He is running.2.The loud voice from the upstairs made him angry.3.The little boy is asking the teacher all kinds of questions.4.She seemed angry.5.My father bought me

7、a beautiful present.6.Why do you keep your eyes closed？7.Will you tell us an exciting story ？8.We must keep our classroom tidy and clean.9.I heard the baby crying in the sitting room.10.Can you push the window open？三：基礎(chǔ)翻譯練習(xí)基本句型一 : 主 +系 +表1. 當(dāng)時(shí)他看起來不高興。2. 我喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng)是游泳和滑冰。3. 我擅長英語。4. 收到你的來信我很高興。5. 在公路對面有一

8、棟新教學(xué)樓。6. 圖書館里有各種各樣的書籍、報(bào)紙和雜志。7. 那是在 2000 年 2 月 8 日早上 7:15.8. 天變得越來越黑。9. 這食物吃起來挺可口的。10. 這故事聽起來很有趣。1. He looked unhappy at that time.2. My favorite sports are swimming and skating.3. I am very good at English.4. I was so pleased to hear from you.5. On the other side of the road there is a new teaching

9、building.6. In the library there are all kinds of books, newspapers and magazines.7. It was 7:15 on the morning of February 8, 2000.8. It is getting darker and darker.9. The food tastes delicious.10. The story sounds very interesting.基本句型二 : 主 +謂 (不及物動(dòng)詞 )1. 1984 年至 1990 年我在光明小學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)。2. 今天上午，我們在校門口會(huì)面然后一

10、起去那里。3. 時(shí)間很快過去了。4. 這幾年我們家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。5. 小車沒有停而是快速的開走了。6. 在過去的 10 年間它的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展迅速。7. 那個(gè)年輕人重重地摔倒在地。8. 過去他早上習(xí)慣于早起。1. I studied in Guangming Primary School from 1984 to 1990.2. This morning we met at the school gate and went there together.3. The time passed quickly.4. Great changes have taken place in our hom

11、etown these years.5. The car didn't stop but drove off at great speed.6. Its economy has developed rapidly in the past ten years.7. The young man fell down on the ground hard.8. He used to get up early in the morning.基本句型三 : 主+謂(及物 )+賓1. 去年在學(xué)校電腦競賽中我獲得了一等獎(jiǎng)。2. 在業(yè)余時(shí)間我喜歡聽流行音樂和收集郵票。3.幾天前我和我兄弟騎自行車去看電影

12、。4. 我們也在校園內(nèi)和周圍種上了許多樹。5. 晚上時(shí)，我可以看電視新聞或看報(bào)紙。6. 在回家的路上他把錢給丟了。7. 昨晚大約九點(diǎn)的時(shí)候，我正在做作業(yè)。8. 才藝展示（ Talent Show）將于 6 月 18 日在北京電視臺舉行。9. 下午，我將帶你們轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)，看一看一些名勝。10. 盼望能盡早見到你。1. Last year I won first prize in the school computer competition.2. In my spare time I enjoy listening to popular music and collecting stamps.3. T

13、he other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle.4. We also planted a lot of trees in and around the school.5. In the evenings I can watch news on TV or read newspapers.6. He lost the money on his way home.7. About 9 o'clock last night, I was doing my homework.8. Talent Show will be h

14、eld in Beijing Television Station on July 18.9. In the afternoon, I ll show you around and take you to some places of interest.10. I m looking forward to meeting you soon.基本句型四 : 主 +謂 (及物 )+雙賓（間賓 +直賓）1. 去年王老師教我們英語。2. 明天我要給他寫封信，告訴他這個(gè)好消息。3. 他們給他提供了一份工作，但他拒絕了。4. 在我 14 歲生日時(shí)，爸爸給我買了一輛新自行車。5. 昨晚我花了兩小時(shí)才完成作業(yè)

15、。6. 對不起，能問你一個(gè)問題嗎？Key:1.Mr Wang taught us English last year.2. Tomorrow I ll write him a letter and tell him the good news.3. They offered him a job, but he turned it down.4. On my 14th birthday, Father bought me a new bike.5. It took me two hours to finish my homework last night.6. Excuse me, can I

16、ask you a question?基本句型五 : 主 +謂 (及物 )+復(fù)合賓語（賓 +賓補(bǔ)）1. 當(dāng)時(shí)我看到那些孩子在河邊玩。2. 我們正在使我們的國家變得越來越美麗。3. 當(dāng)我到達(dá)教室時(shí)，我發(fā)現(xiàn)里邊沒有人。4. 昨天下午在公交車上我的錢包讓人給偷了。5. 我注意到凱特整個(gè)早上都在圖書館里看書。6. 父親叫我給他帶些報(bào)紙來。Key:1.I saw the kids/children playing by the river at that time.2. We are making our country more and more beautiful.3. When I got to

17、the classroom, I found nobody in.4. I had my wallet stolen on a bus yesterday afternoon.5. I noticed Kate reading in the library all the morning.6. Father asked me to bring him some newspapers.四：綜合翻譯練習(xí)：1. 那噪音太響，我無法繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)。2. 得知你 9 月份要來我很高興。3. 人們需要一個(gè)可以休息和玩樂的地方。4. 當(dāng)那個(gè)人在過馬路時(shí)，小車撞了他。5. 我已答應(yīng)明天下午 3：30 到機(jī)場接他。6

18、. 聽了我說的話，我的鄰居向我道歉并馬上把電視音量關(guān)小。7. 他是一個(gè)很有學(xué)問的人我們都很欣賞他。8. 在過去，人們主要通過寫信、打公共電話來彼此保持聯(lián)系。9. 我寧愿呆在家里，因?yàn)槲铱梢宰鑫蚁胱龅?，比如：讀書、看電視、幫助父母做家務(wù)。10. 我們應(yīng)該把中國文化和歷史介紹給外國人，以便他們能更多的了解中國。11. 為了改善北京交通，政府應(yīng)鼓勵(lì)更多人使用公共交通或自行車。12. 以我的觀點(diǎn)來看，考試作弊是錯(cuò)的，因?yàn)樗`反了學(xué)校規(guī)章。13. 我們學(xué)生應(yīng)該誠實(shí)，盡力通過努力學(xué)習(xí)而不是考試作弊來獲得好成績。14. 有個(gè)老人靜靜地坐在附近的一個(gè)板凳上。Key:1.The noise was so lou

19、d that I couldn't go on studying.2.I m so glad to learn that you re coming in September.3. People need a place where they can rest and enjoy themselves.4. The car hit the man while he was crossing the road.5. I have promised to meet him at the airport at 3:30 tomorrow afternoon.6. After hearing what I said, my neighbor apologized to me and turned down the TV immediately.7. He is such a learned person that we all admire hem very much.8. In the past, people k