物理藥劑學(xué)PPT學(xué)習(xí)教案

1、會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)1物理藥劑學(xué)物理藥劑學(xué)classParticle sizeCharacteristics of systemexampleMolecular dispersionLess than 1 nmInvisible in electron microscope Pass through ultrafilter and semipermeable membrane undergo rapid diffusionOxygen molecules, ordinary ions, glucoseColloidal dispersionFrom 1 nm to o.5 mNot resolved by

2、ordinary microscope (although may be detected under ultramicroscope) Visible in electron microscopePass though filter paperDo not pass semipermeable membrane Diffusion very slowly Colloidal silver sols, natural and synthetic polymers, cheese, butter, jelly, milk, etc.Coarse dispersionGreater than o.

3、5 mVisible under microscopeDo not passthough normal filter paper Do not dialyze though semipermeable menmbraneDo not diffusionGrains of sand,most pharmaceutical emulsions and suspension, red blood cells第1頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)Lyophilic colloidsLyophobic colloidsAssociation colloids第2頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第3頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第4頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第5頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第6

4、頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第7頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第8頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第9頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第10頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第11頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第12頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第13頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第14頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第15頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第16頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第17頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第18頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第19頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第20頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)Cylindrical micelleBilayerBilayer vesicleInverted micelleMicrotubule第21頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)ExampleType Compound Amphiphile Gegenions Anionic Sodium lauryl sulfateCH3(CH2)11OSO3-Na+Catio

5、nic Cetyl trimethyl-ammonium bromideCH3(CH2)15N+(CH3)3Br-Nonionic Polyoxyethylene laury etherCH3(CH2)10CH2O(CH2OCH2)23HAmpholytic Dimenthyldodecy lammonio-propane sulfonateCH3(CH2)11N+(CH3)2(CH2)3OSO2-第22頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第23頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)To determine the minimum amount of surfactant第24頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第25頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第26頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第27頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)

6、第28頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第29頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第30頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第31頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第32頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)The first satisfactory theoretical treatment of Brownian motion was made by Albert Einstein in 1905. 第33頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)D=RT6NAphr第34頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第35頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第36頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)sedimentationdiffusion第37頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第38頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)M=RTSD(1-vr)Sedimentation is normally very slow, but it can be accel

7、erated by ultracentrifugation, a technique that replaces the gravitational field with a centrifugal field.Where R is the gas constant, S is the sedimentation coefficient, the unit Svedberg is 1 X 10-13 second, T is the absolute temperature, D is the diffusion constant, v is the volume of 1 g of part

8、icle, is the density of medium. 第39頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第40頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第41頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第42頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第43頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第44頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第45頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第46頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第47頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第48頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)Energy（+）（-）Repulsion , VRComposite , VTPotential barrierInterparticle distancePrimary minimum(atrraction)Atrractive ,VASecondary minimum(atrraction)第49頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第50頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第51頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第52頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第53頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)Association colloidsDrug 第54頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第55頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)Tween 20Peppermint oilWater 010010001000505050Increasing quantity of water第56頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第57頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第58頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)第59頁(yè)/共74頁(yè)