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1、2020 高考英語知識點總結(jié)2020 高考就要到來了,英語知識點同學們都掌握了嗎?如果還沒有可要抓經(jīng)時間 了。下面就是小編給大家?guī)淼?高考英語知識點總結(jié),希望能幫助到大家! 高考英語知識點總結(jié) 1一、短語歸納1. take after 長相或舉止像 (某個長輩 )(不用進行時 )Mary really takes after her mother;she has the same eyes , nose and hair. 瑪麗 真像她媽媽,眼睛、鼻子和頭發(fā)都一個樣。2. take apart 把(小型機器、鐘表等 )拆開;拆散;(在體育運動或比賽中 )把 徹底 打敗;對苛求;嚴厲批評 Ta

2、ke the watch apart and see if you can see whats wrong with it. 把手表拆開來看看你能不能檢查出什么毛病。England was really taken apart by Italy in last night在s昨 m晚at的ch比. 賽中,英格蘭隊可謂給意大利隊打得潰不成軍了。3. take as 看作,認為 (=regard / consider / look on / treat as)I took your nod as a sign of approval. 我把你的點頭看作是同意的表示了。4. take away 拿走

3、;使停學,使離開 ;使消失;減去 The child was taken away( 輟 學)from school. Now I ll give you some tablets to take away使( 消失)the pain.Take away( 減去 )2 from 4 and you get 2.take away from 貶低(有益或令人滿意之事物 )的作用 His refusal to accept the prize does not take away from his success in winning it. 他拒絕領(lǐng)獎無損于他贏得此 獎的斐然成績。5. take

4、 back 承認說錯了 (話),收回(諾言、話語 );使回憶起 ;送回,還回去 ;退(貨) I m sorry I was rude;I take back everything I s aid. 對不起我失禮了,我承認我所 說的全都錯了。Seeing that old film really took me back! 觀看那部舊電影的確使我回想起了過去 的歲月。6. take down 拿下,取下 ;記下來 ;褪下(褲子等穿于腰以下的衣物 );把(大型機器或 大物件)拆成零部件;把拆卸開(tear down 推倒;拆毀 pull down 拆毀)When the picture was t

5、aken down ,the wall looked very bare. 把那幅畫取下來 后墻壁就顯得毫無裝飾了。Well have to take the engine down to get to the gearbox. 我們得先拆卸發(fā)動機, 才能接觸到變速箱。7. take in 接待 (某人)留宿 ;欺瞞,欺騙 ;充分理解,掌握 ;把(衣服)改窄(let out 加寬, 放長,加大 );包含,包括 He had nowhere to sleep so we offered to take him in. 他沒 有地方可睡,我們于是就提出讓他留宿。Don t be taken in

6、by his promises. 不要被他的許諾所蒙騙 !It took me a long time to take in what you were saying.我費了好長時間才弄明白你所說的話。My dress is a bit loose round the waist could you take it in for me? 我衣服的腰 圍有點寬松,你能給我改窄一些嗎 ?This is the total cost of the holiday ,taking everything in. 這是度假的全部費用, 一切都包括在內(nèi)。8. take off 脫下,脫去 (尤指衣服);解(

7、拿)掉(put on 穿上);(飛機等)升空,起飛 ;休假; 歇( 天)假;請假;開始有成就 ;開始受歡迎 ;開始成名 ;打折扣;(尤指為了逗笑而 )模仿(某 人)的談吐、舉止等 Im taking Thursday off because I'm moving into a new ho我use.星期四休假,因為我要搬家。It was at this point that her acting career really took off. 正是從這個時候起,她的 表演生涯真正開始走紅了。His shopkeeper took off 5 percent discount for e

8、ach. 他的店員把每樣東西都打折 了 5%. The actor made everyone laugh by taking off the members of the royal family. 這個演員模仿某些王室成員,結(jié)果逗引得人人發(fā)笑。9. take on 開始雇用;開始具有/ 呈現(xiàn)(某種品質(zhì)、面貌等 );露出;接受(工作等);承擔 (責任等 );開始和爭吵(斗毆、作對、較量等 )Weve decided to take on a new clerk in the accounts department.我們已決定在會計部雇用一名新職員。His face took on a wor

9、ried expression. 他的臉上露出了擔憂的表情。My doctor says I m too tired and has advised me not to take any more work on.醫(yī)生說我疲勞過度,勸我不要再干更多的工作The trade union made the mistake of trying to take on the government.工會犯了 試圖和政府抗爭的錯誤。The bus took on more passengers. 公共汽車搭載更多乘客了。10. take out 帶(某人)去(某處參加社交活動等 );正式取得,領(lǐng)得,獲得

10、;洗去 (污跡), 使褪色 I m taking the children out to the theatre tonight. 今晚我?guī)Ш⒆觽內(nèi)タ磻?。Mary and John took out a marriage license. 瑪麗和約翰正式領(lǐng)了結(jié)婚證。He took out the pencil marks from his drawing. 他擦去了他的畫上的鉛筆跡。11. take over 接手,接任 ;接管Who do you think will take over now that the governor has been dismissed?州長已被免職,你看會由

11、誰來接任呢 ?12. take to (尤指立刻)對產(chǎn)生好感,喜歡上 ;染上習慣(嗜好等);到(某處)休 息;到躲藏;逃往 I took to Paul as soon as we met. 我一見到保羅就對他有好感。All this gloomy news is enough to make you take to drink. 所有這些令人沮喪的 消息都足以使人酗起酒來。Father s ,ill so he's taken to his bed. 爸爸病了,因此臥床休息了。13. take up 開始花時間從事 (某項活動 );對產(chǎn)生興趣 ;開始學習(某課程),選 修;(事物或事

12、件)占用了(時間或空間);接受的建議;繼續(xù) John took up acting while he was at college. 約翰在上大學時開始喜歡上演戲了。The job took up most of Sunday. 這項工作占用了大半個星期天。Why dont you take him up on his offer of a meal? 你為什么不接受他的邀請去吃 飯呢?I ll take up the story where I finished yesterday. 這個故事我會從昨天講完的地方 繼續(xù)講下去。14. take for / to be錯)當 ( 作,以為是 (

13、mistake for )I took him for his brother. They are extremely alike. 我把他誤作是他弟弟,他們 很像。15. take a chance 碰碰運氣,冒 風險16. take a deep / long breath 深吸一口氣 (以鼓起勇氣或仔細考慮 )17. take a hand in 干預18. take a load / weight off sb.使s m放i心nd / 安心19. take a risk / risks 冒風險20. take a seat 坐下21. take a vote 投票表決22. take

14、an interest in 對 有興趣23. take steps / measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事24. take action (on)( 對)采取行動25. take advantage of 利用;占的便宜 ;不正當?shù)乩?6. take aim (at) 瞄準27. take by surprise 奇襲;出其不意地做某事 ;使 驚奇28. take care 當心(= look out / be careful )29. take care of 照顧,料理 ;處理,對付 ;當心30. take charge of 負責 ;接管31. take cold

15、 感冒,傷風32. take control of 控制住,管住33. take delight / pleasure in 以 為樂;喜歡34. take effect 開始起作用 ;開始生效35. take for granted 想當然地認為 (會是某種情況 );認為 是理所當然的 ;認 為沒有問題36. take for instance / example 以 為例37. take hold of 抓住 ;吸引住38. take into account / consideration 考慮到,把 考慮進去39. take it / things easy 慢慢來,不要過于緊張 /

16、勞累,沉住氣40. take it or leave it 要不要都行 ;要么要,要么不要 ;不要還價41. take note (of) 把 記下來42. take notice (of) 注意 ;理會43. take notes 作記錄 ;記筆記44. take / come into office 就職,上任45. take one s breath awa令y 人驚異,令人嘆為觀止46. take one 's chance(碰s)碰自己的運氣47. take one s tim慢e 慢來,從容不迫48. take pains 費盡力氣,煞費苦心,盡力設(shè)法 I took pai

17、ns to explain the facts clearly.49. take (the)trouble 費事,下工夫 You must have taken a lot of trouble to find out what was true.50. take part (in) 參加,參與51. take pity on / upon 可憐,憐憫 (show mercy to / have mercy on)52. take place 發(fā)生,舉行53. take pride in (be proud of) 為感到自豪/ 驕傲54. take one s plac代e 替某人55. t

18、ake the opportunity 利用這個機會 I shall take the first opportunity of seeing you. He may take the opportunity to point out that56. take turns 輪流(做某事 )They took turns to look after the baby. The two boys took turns at digging the hole.57. take sides 支持;偏袒 You always take sides with brother without even li

19、stening to me.你總是偏袒弟弟,根本不聽我的。58. I take it (that) 我想 ;我認為 I take it you ve heard that the mayor 's re我signed. 想你已聽說市長已經(jīng)辭職了。二、考點透視1. 考查特定語境下的詞義辨析、短語搭配。(1) take 與其它動詞加上同一個介 / 副詞的辨析,如 06 山東卷第 34 題;(2) take 與其它動詞加上不同介 / 副詞的辨析,如 08 山東卷第 29 題、 08 寧夏卷第34 題、08 天津卷第 7題等;(3) take 短語搭配辨析,包括 take + 介詞/ 副詞短語

20、, take + 名詞短語, take + 名 詞+ 介詞短語等。2. 結(jié)合時態(tài)語態(tài)考查 take 短語,如 06 福建卷第 24 題。3. 結(jié)合非謂語動詞的用法考查 take 用法,如 03 上海卷第 39 題。高考英語知識點總結(jié) 2一. 轉(zhuǎn)化法 (conversion)在英語中,一個單詞由一種詞性轉(zhuǎn)化為另一種或幾種詞性而詞形不變的方法叫做 轉(zhuǎn)化法。1. 動詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞Let me have a try.讓我試試。They are only allowed to sell soft drinks at school. 在學校里只準許他們出售不含酒精的飲料。2. 名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動詞He shoul

21、dered his way through the crowd. 他用肩膀推開人群前進。The smell from the kitchen made his mouth water. 從廚房傳來的氣味使他流口水。3. 形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動詞We will try our best to better our living conditions. 我們要盡力改善我們的生活狀況。They tried to perfect the working conditions. 他們努力改善工作條件。4. 形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞He didn 't know the difference between ri

22、ght and wrong. 他不辨是非。The old in our village are living a happy life. 我們村的老年人過著幸福的生活。5. 形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為副詞How long have you lived there?你在那兒住多久了 ?二. 合成法 (composition) 由兩個或兩個以上的單詞連在一起合成一個新詞,這種構(gòu)詞法叫做合成法,合成 的詞叫做合成詞 (compounds) 。合成詞的寫法由習慣決定,可以寫在一起,也可以用 連詞符號連接。1. 合成名詞名詞/代詞+名詞newspaper blood-test she-wolf 動詞 +名詞typew

23、riter pickpocket daybreak 形容詞 +名詞 greenhouse highway 副詞+名詞 overcoat outside 名詞+v.-ing/v.-ing + 名詞 handwriting reading-room freezing-point 動詞 +副詞 / 副詞+ 動詞 breakthrough get-together outbreak outcome 名詞 +介詞 +名詞 sister-in-law editor-in-chief2. 合成形容詞 名詞+形容詞 /形容詞+名詞 world-famous duty-free large-scale long

24、- term 副詞+形容詞 over-anxious evergreen 名詞+過去分詞 man-made sun-burnt 名詞+現(xiàn)在分詞 peace-loving English-speaking 形容詞 +現(xiàn)在分詞 good-looking easy-going 副詞+過去分詞 well-informed widespread 副詞+現(xiàn)在分詞 hardworking far-reaching3. 合成動詞 名詞 +動詞 baby-sit sleepwalk副詞 +動詞 outnumber underestimate overwork 形容詞 +動詞 whitewash4. 合成副詞 形

25、容詞 +名詞 meanwhile anyway 形容詞 +副詞 everywhere anyhow 副詞+副詞 however 介詞+名詞 beforehand overhead 介詞+副詞 forever5. 合成代詞 代詞賓格 +self/selves herself themselves 物主代詞 +self/selves myself yourselves 形容詞 +名詞 anything nothing6. 合成介詞 副詞+名詞 inside outside 介詞+副詞 without within 副詞+介詞 into三. 派生法由一個詞加上前綴或后綴構(gòu)成一個與原單詞意義相近或截然

26、相反的新詞叫做派生 法。1. 前綴 除少數(shù)前綴外,前綴一般改變單詞的意義,但不改變單詞的詞性。(1) 表示否定意義的前綴un-unhappy unfinished undressdis- disagree disbelieveinil-( 在字母 l 前), im-( 在字母 m ,b,p 前), ir(在字母 r 前)-inaccurate illegal impolite imbalance irregularmis-misbehave mislead mistake non-nonstop nonsmoker(2) 表示其他意義的前綴en-“使 ” enrich enlarge enco

27、urage inter- “相互” international intercontinental re- “再,又,重 ” rethink retell recycle tele- “遠程的” telescope telephone telegraph auto- “自動的” automatic automobile co- “共同” coworker cooperate coexist anti- “反對,抵抗 ” antiwar antifreeze antinuclear multi- “多” multistory multicultural multicolor bi-“雙,二 ”bc

28、iycle bilingual bilateral micro- “極小的,微小的 ” microwave microcomputer over- “太多,過分 ” overwork overdo overestimate self- “自己,本身 ” se-lfcentered self-confident self-control under- “在下面, 下的,不足的 ” underline, underground , underestimate , underrate2. 后綴(1)形容詞后綴-able “可的,具有的” acceptable drinkable knowledgea

29、ble reasonable -al “與有關(guān)的” physica,l magical , political-an“屬于某地方的人 ” American African-ern “方向 ” southern, northern , eastern-ful/ less 沒“)有( 的” helpfu,l useful , homeless , hopeless-ish “如的;有特征的” foolish childish selfish-ive “有 傾向的 ” active attractive expensive-en“由制成的” golden wooden woolen-ous“有(性質(zhì)

30、 )的” famous, dangerous , poisonous-ly 有“性質(zhì)的” friendly yearly daily-y“構(gòu)成形容詞 ” noisy dusty cloudy (2)名詞后綴-er / or 表“人或用具 ” farmer, baker , visitor , professor , cooker , container -ese“某國 (人)的” Chinese, Japanese-ian “某國、某地人 ;精通的人” musician, Asian , Russian , technician -ist 某“種主義或職業(yè)者 ” physicis,t scie

31、ntist , communist ,socialist -ess“表女性,雌性 ” hostess, actress , princess-ment“行為或其狀態(tài) ” governmen,t movement , achievement -ness“性質(zhì),狀態(tài) ” illness, sadness , carelessness-tion “動作,過程,結(jié)果 ” invention, organization , translation(3) 動詞后綴-fy / ify 使得“;變得 ” simplify, beautify , purify-en“使成為 ;變得” shorten, deep

32、en , sadden-ize “使成為 ” apologize, realize , specialize(4) 副詞后綴-ly “方式,程度 ” freely, truly , angrilyward(s) “向” towards, forward , upwards(5) 數(shù)詞后綴-teen “十幾” fourteen, eighteen , thirteen-ty “整十位數(shù) ” forty, fifty , sixty-th “序數(shù)詞 ” twelfth, twentieth高考英語知識點總結(jié) 3一、直接考查連詞 but 在語境中的用法即要求考生根據(jù)試題的語境 (看其是否有轉(zhuǎn) 折意味

33、 )來確定連詞 but 的正確使用。這類考題通常會將連詞 but 與連詞 and ,so,or 等結(jié)合起來考查。同學們做題時要注意比較,尤其要注意比較各個連詞填入句子后, 比較句意的邏輯性和通暢性。如:1. You have failed two tests. You'd better start working harder , youwon't pass the course.A. and B. so C. but D. or解析 D.or 的意思是"否則""要不然",只有此詞填入空格,句意最通順。2. They wanted to

34、charge $5 ,000 for the car , we managed tobring the price down.A. but B. so C. when D. since解析 A.前后兩分句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,故用 but.3. -Somebody wants you on the telephone. - no one knows I'm here.A. For B. And C. But D. So解析 C."有人打電話來找我 "與"沒有人知道我在這里 "是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,故填 but.二、利用 but 的轉(zhuǎn)折語境考查其他知識點即根據(jù)題干

35、中連詞 but 的轉(zhuǎn)折性語境來 確定相關(guān)知識點的選擇。此時尤其要注意前后相關(guān)信息的對比、對照或互為相反義。 如:1. He has made a lot of films ,but good ones.A. any B. some C. few D. many解析 C. 由于句中用了轉(zhuǎn)折連詞 but ,所以要填 few 與前面的 many 相對比。2. It's hard for him playing against me. I've got nothing to play for, but for him ,he needs to win so .A. far B. wel

36、l C. little D. badly解析 D.句中的 badly 不是表示"糟糕地",而是表示 "很""非常",這樣用的 badly 主要與表示 "想要"或"需要"的詞語或短語 (如 want , need ,be in need of 等)連用 如:Our school is badly in need of English teacher. 我們學校急需英語教師。 / He wants to buy a new car badly. 他很想買輛新車。3. I told your friend how to get to the hotel ,but perhaps I have driven her there.A. could B. must C. might D. should解析 D

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