2019-2020年高考英語二輪復(fù)習科普環(huán)保類閱讀理解選編(3)

1、2019-2020年高考英語二輪復(fù)習 科普環(huán)保類閱讀理解選編（3）xx高考英語閱讀練習科普環(huán)保類For as long as they can remember Jynne Martin and April Surge nt had both dreamedas guestsof going to An tarctica . This win ter , they each made it to the icy continentMartinof the Natio nal Scie nee Fou ndatio n(NSF).Bm they didn ' t go as scient

2、istsis a poet and Surge nt is an artist.They went to Antarctica as participants.in theNSF s Artists and Writers programThe NSF is thegover nment age ncy that fundsscientificresearch in Antarctica.But it also makes it possible for artists , includingfilmmakers and musicia ns, to experie nce An tarcti

3、ca and con tribute their own pointsof view to our un dersta nding of the con ti nent.The mixing of science and art in Antarctica isn't new .Some of the earliestexplorersbrought along pain ters and photographers.Edward Wils on was a Britishpain ter , doctor , and bird expert who jo urn eyedwith R

4、obertFalcon Soott on two separateAn tamtic expediti on smore tha n 100 years agoHerbert Ponting was a photographer who.In hundreds of photos , Pontingcapturedexplorers ' journals , scientific papers cannow bevery difficult for non-scientiststo understand . Writers in Antarcticaworktoexplainthe r

5、esearch to the public . PeterRejcek is editor , writer , and photographerfor theAntarctic Sun, an onlinemagazinedevoted to news about the U . S. Antarctic Program.Rejeck bega n his career in theAn tarctic in 2003 by spe nding a year at the South Pole.He has retur ned everyyearsince , interviewing, s

6、cientists about research at Palmer,McMurdo, and South Polestati onsThere are also scie ntists in An tarctica who work hardto expla in their researchto the public . ScientistDiane McKnight wrote The Lost Seal , a children ' s book thatexpla ins the research she and others are doing in an unu sual

7、 ice-free area inAn tarctica called the Dry Valleysalso acpanied Scott on one of those expeditions the beauty of the continentand recorded the daily lives and heroic struggles of the explorers .Un like theearlyToday' s scie ntists write articles forscie ntificjo urn als,historic . andAntarctica

8、is full of stories and wonders that are scientificbringing,but wepers on al.People such as Martin , Surge nt , Rejcek , and McKni ght are devoted tothose storiesto asma ny peopleare they can.“ Some people are going to be scie ntistssome people are goingto be journalists, some people are going to be

9、artistscan all work together ， saysSurgent, “tocelebrate , thisextraordinary place【小題 1 】What do we know about the NSF?A. It is a government agencyB. It only funds scientists in Antarctica.C. It encourages the understanding of human nature.D. It enables the mixing of scienee and art for the first ti

10、me.【小題 2】 Why didn' t some earliest explorers bring writers along?A. Writers were not funded at that time.B. Writing can ' t capture the beauty of the continentC. Writers were not interested in popularizing scieneeD. Early explorers ' journals can be easily understood by the public.【小題 3

11、】By mentioning Diane McKnight, the author may try to suggest thatA. scientists should explain their research to childrenB. writers are not necessary since scientists can tell stories as wellC. telling stories to children is more important than knowing the truthD. no matter what role we play , we can

12、 work together to appreciate Antarctica【小題 4】What would be the best title for this article?A.An tarctica:A Land for AllB.The NSF：A Program for AllC.An tarctica: A Land of Beauty and StoriesD.The NSF：A Program for Artists and Scien tists【答案【小題A【小題2】D【小題【小題4 A xx 高考英語閱讀練習科普環(huán)保類Australia ' s koalas

13、could be dying out within 30 years, unless urgent measuresis taken to stop the losing in population, according to researchers. They say development, climate change and bushfires have all related to reduce the number of wild koalas sharply. The Australian Koala Foundation said a recent survey showed

14、the population could have dropped by more than half in the past six years. Previous estimates put the number of koalas at more than 100,000, but the latest figures suggest there could now be as few as 43,000.The foundation collected field data from 1,800 sites and 80,000 trees to calculate the numbe

15、rs. In one area in northern Queensland estimated to have 20,000 koalas a decade ago, a team of eight people could not find a single animal in four days of searching.The foundation said besides problems caused by cutting down forests, hotter anddrier conditions because of globalwarming had reduced th

16、e nutritional( 營養(yǎng)的 )valueof their staple food, eucalyptus leaves, leading to poor nutrition for them.Koalas, which live in the forests in Australia' s east and south, are veryparticular about what types of the leaves they eat.Foundation chief Deborah Tabart said:“ The koalas are missing everywhe

17、re we look.It ' s really no tree, no me. If you keep cutting down trees you don' t have anykoalas. ” She is hoping the new figures will persuadethe government ' s ThreatenedSpecies Steering mittee (TSSC) to list the koala as threatened. But mittee chairman Bob Beeton said a decision was

18、not likely recently and the koala' s status as oneof the country ' s favorite animals would not be a factor. “ There ' s a number of species which are attractive and people have special feelings towards them. Wedon' t consider that, ” Mr. Beeton was reported as saying by the AFP agen

19、cy.【小題 1】 The writer gives the example of the area in northern Queensland in Paragraph 3 to show that .A the environment is being polluted seriouslyB the number of koalas is dropping quicklyC. the forests are being damaged heavilyD. koalas usually live in wild mountainous areas【小題 2 】 Global warming

20、 is an important cause of koalas' reducti on becauseA. the leaves koalas eat are losing nutritional valueB. koalas cannot get eno ugh water to drinkC. koalas can hardly stand the hot weatherD. the leaves koalas eat cannot grow in hot weather【小題 3】According to Bob Beeton,.A. they need n' t pa

21、y special attention to koalasB. a decision will be made to protect koalasC. koalas are his favorite animalsD. koalas needn ' t be protected at all【答秦【小題1】B【小題2】A【小題刃A閱讀下列短文，從給的四個選項（A、B C和D）中，選出最佳選項。（xx 山東，D）Sparrow is a fast food chain with 200 restaurants. Someyears ago, the group to whichSparr

22、ow bel on ged was take n over by ano ther pany. Although Sparrow showed no sighof decli ning,the cha in was gen erally in an un healthy state. With more and more fastfood con cepts reach ing the market, the Sparrow menu had to struggle for atte ntio n.And to make matters worse, its new owner had no

23、plans to give it the funds it required.Sparrow failed to grow for ano ther two years, un til a new CEO, Carl Pears on decided to build up its market share. He did a survey, which showed that con sumers who already used Sparrow restaura nts were extremely positive about the cha in, while customers of

24、 other fastfood cha ins were un willi ng to turn away from them. Sparrow had to develop a new promotio nal campaig n.Pears on faced a battle over the future of the Sparrow brand. The cha in's owner now favored rebranding Sparrow as Marcy's restaurants. Pearson resisted, arguing for an advert

25、ising campaign designed to convince customers that visits to Sparrow restaurants were fun. Such an attempt to establish a positive relationship between a pany and the general public was unusual for that time. Pearson strongly believed that numbers were the key to success, rather than customer's

26、spending power. Finally, the owner accepted his idea.The campaign itself changed the traditional advertising style of the fastfood industry. The TV ads of Sparrow focused on entertainment and featured original songs performed by a variety of stars. Instead of showing the superiority of a specific pr

27、oduct, the intention was to put Sparrow in the hearts of potential customers.Pearson also madeother decisions which he believed would contribute to the new sparrow image. For example, he offered to lower the rent of any restaurants which achieved a certain increase in their turnover （營業(yè)額 ） These eff

28、orts paid off, and Sparrow soon became one of the most successful fastfood chains in the regions where it operated.文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文，描述了 Sparrow 迅速成為了經(jīng)營地區(qū)最成功的快餐連鎖店的 整個過程。16 Which was one of the problems Sparrow faced before Pearson became CEO? A The number of its customers was declining.B Its customers

29、found the food unhealthy. C It was in need of financial support.D Most of its restaurants were closed.答案： C 細節(jié)理解題。從第一段的最后一句“ its new owner had no plans to giveit thefunds it required.”可知 Sparrow 缺乏的是資金。17 What does the underlined word“ them” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A Customers of Sparrow restaurants

30、.B Sparrow restaurants.C Customers of other fastfood chains.D Other fastfood chains.答案： D 詞義猜測題。我們從畫線詞所在句“ while customers of other fastfood chains were unwilling to turn away from them. ”可知，這里的 while 表示對比，其他快餐店中 的顧客不愿意離開，這里是指從其他的快餐店離開，故選D。18 For what purpose did Pearson start the advertising campai

31、gn? A To build a good relationship with the public.B To stress the unusual tradition of Sparrow.C To learn about customers' spending power.D To meet the challenge from Marcy's restaurants.答案： A 細節(jié)理解題。從文章第三段的“ arguing for an advertising campaign designed to convince customers that visits to S

32、parrow restauran ts were fun ”中可知，這場戰(zhàn) 役的目的是讓 Sparrow 餐廳與大眾搞好關(guān)系，故選A。19 The TV ads of Sparrow .A changed people's views on pop starsB amused the public with original songsC focused on the superiority of its productsD influenced the eating habits of the audience答案： B 細節(jié)理解題。從文章第四段的“ the TV ads of Sp

33、arrow focused on entertainment and featured original songs performed by a variety of stars. Instead of showing the superiority of a specific product, the intention was to put Sparrow in the hearts of potential customers. ”可知，廣告歌曲為原創(chuàng)且目的是和大眾搞好關(guān)系，故選B。20 What was Pearson's achievement as a CEO?A He

34、managed to pay off Sparrow's debts.B He made Sparrow much more petitive.C He helped Sparrow take over a pany.D He improved the welfare of Sparrow employees.答案：B 細節(jié)理解題。從文章最后一段的“These efforts paid off, and Sparrow soon becameone of the most successful fastfood chains in the regions where it operat

35、ed.”可知， Pearson 的努力獲得了回報，使得餐廳業(yè)績上升，變得更有競爭力，故選B。題型 2 高考模擬題組閱讀下列短文，從給的四個選項（A、B C和D）中，選出最佳選項。（xx 西城區(qū)二模，A）Hi, I'm Michael J. L in dell, I nve ntor, Man ufacturer, and Preside nt of My PillowCorporation. Years ago, like you, I found myself extremely frustrated with my pillow going flat. Most pillows a

36、re desig ned to break dow n. I would wake up in the morning with a sore arm, my n eck would hurt, my fin gers would be nu mb, and I would toss and turn all night not knowing why. I tried many different pillows on the market and none of them worked. So, I started to research pillows and study sleep d

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