外研版必修三第二單元精品資料

1、Module 2Developing and Developed Countries要點(diǎn)一單詞1. measure n.尺寸，大??；度量單位，度量器；措施 ;法規(guī)v.測(cè)量，測(cè)定；考慮，評(píng)估；衡量歸納拓展（1）make clothes to ones measure 為某人量體裁衣in some/large/full measure 有幾分 /在很大程度上 /最大限度地 take measures to do sth.采取措施做某事（2）measure up to 符合（期望）；達(dá)到（標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）例句： The coat which is not made to your own measure is

2、 much too loose for you.這件沒按照你的尺寸做的大衣你穿著太松了。We should take appropriate measures to improve our teaching.我們應(yīng)采取適當(dāng)措施提高教學(xué)質(zhì)量。The job failed to measure up to her expectations.這項(xiàng)工作沒有滿足她的期望。注意：（ 1） measure 表示“措施”之意時(shí)，常用其復(fù)數(shù)形式measures。（ 2）當(dāng) measure 表示“量起來有長(zhǎng) /寬 /高”時(shí)是不及物動(dòng)詞，后跟量的結(jié)果，此種情況下不能用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。例句： The road measur

3、es 30 feet across.這條路寬30 英尺。It measures more easily if spread on a table.如果把它鋪在桌子上，量起來就更容易了。【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 Doctors say it is too early to _ the effectiveness of the drug. A.valueB.concludeC.measureD.count【解析】句意為：醫(yī)生們說判定這種藥物的效果為時(shí)過早。measure“評(píng)估，衡量” ，符合題意。 value“重視”； conclude“得出（結(jié)論） ，總結(jié)”； count “計(jì)算；數(shù)” ，均不合題意?！敬鸢?/p>

4、】 C Many car accidents occur because motorists can t _ the speed of approachingvehicles.A.concludeB.countC.measureD.value【解析】句意為：很多車禍的發(fā)生都是因?yàn)殚_車者不能估量對(duì)面開來的車的速度造成的。measure 在此為及物動(dòng)詞，意為“估量”?！敬鸢浮?C2. position n. 地點(diǎn)，位置，所在地；姿勢(shì)；地位；位次；立場(chǎng)；處境；職位歸納拓展（1）out of/in (a) position 不在/ 在適當(dāng)位置sit/lie in a comfortable posit

5、ion以舒適的姿勢(shì)坐著 /躺著（ 2）take up(ones)position擔(dān)任某職務(wù)shift one s position改變立場(chǎng)例句： You ve put me in a very difficult position.你使我的處境變得非常困難。That plant is in the wrong position.It doesn t like too much sun.那棵植物放錯(cuò)了位置，它并不需要多曬太陽。He had worked for the company for 20 years and was in a position of trust.他為這家公司工作了20

6、年，因而被委以重任?！炬溄佑?xùn)練】As a result of his excellent work,he is promoted to an important _.A.positionB.situationC.locationD.profession【解析】 position“職位” ;situation“情況 ,局面，形勢(shì)”；location“位置，地點(diǎn)” ；profession “職業(yè)”。根據(jù)句意可知是“委以重任” ，故選 A。【答案】 A3. figure n. 數(shù)字；圖形；人物；身材；（隱約可見的）人影v. 計(jì)算；想，估計(jì)；認(rèn)為；認(rèn)定歸納拓展（ 1）the latest sales

7、figure 最新的銷售數(shù)字a square figure 方形a historical figure 歷史人物keep one s figure 保持完美的身材（ 2）figure sth.in 將某物包括在內(nèi)；計(jì)算在內(nèi)figure on sth.指望 /計(jì)劃某物 /某事figure out 弄明白；計(jì)算出figure that.認(rèn)為例句： By the end of last year,the sales figure of this factory had got to 20 million.到去年年底為止，這個(gè)工廠的銷售數(shù)字已達(dá)到兩千萬。How does she manage to k

8、eep her figure when she eats so much?她吃得這么多，究竟是怎樣保持好身材的？I can t figure out why she said so.我無法理解她為什么這樣說。I figured at that time that I could arrive just on time if I took a taxi.當(dāng)時(shí)我認(rèn)定如果打車我還能按時(shí)趕到?！炬溄佑?xùn)練】 I can t _ what has happened to the vegetables， for they were freshly picked thismorning.A.look outB

9、.take outC.work outD.figure out【解析】句意為：我不明白這些蔬菜怎么了，因?yàn)樵缟险臅r(shí)候還是新鮮的。figure out 在此意為“理解，明白” ?！敬鸢浮?D The present situation is very complex,so I think it will take me some time to _ its reality.A.make up B.figure out C.look throughD.put off【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語。句意為：現(xiàn)在的情況非常復(fù)雜，因此我想過一段時(shí)間才能夠弄清楚它的實(shí)際情況。make up“編造， 組成，彌補(bǔ)，

10、化妝”；figure out“弄清楚， 弄明白”；lookthrough“瀏覽，快速查看”;put off“推遲”，根據(jù)句意，選B?！敬鸢浮?B4. agree vt. 承認(rèn)，同意，使達(dá)到一致 vi. 同意，贊同；允諾；答應(yīng)；與一致，相同；相宜，調(diào)和歸納拓展agree with.同意某人的意見 /想法；與一致；對(duì)適合agree with ones idea/opinion/what sb.said/sb.s words同意某人的意見 /觀點(diǎn) /某人所說的話 agree to ones plan/arrangement/suggestion同意某人的計(jì)劃 / 安排/建議agree on/upon

11、 sth就.某事達(dá)成共識(shí)（主語是兩個(gè)以上的人）agree to do sth同.意做某事 agree that.同意天氣或食物 +agree（s）with sb.氣候、食物等適合某人例句： Mutton doesn t agree with me. 羊肉不太適合我。They agreed on/upon the time of the concert.他們就音樂會(huì)的時(shí)間達(dá)成了一致。She agreed （ that） we could finish early.她同意我們?cè)缃Y(jié)束。I quite agree to your plan for the journey.我非常同意你的旅行計(jì)劃。The

12、y agreed to help us.他們同意幫助我們。【鏈接訓(xùn)練】Weddings are happy occasions but when my sister got married last year,my mum and sisterdid not _ anything.A.agree withB.agree toC.agree onD.agree at【解析】agree with“同意某人的意見， 對(duì)適合” ；agree to do“ 同意做某事” ；agree on/upon “就某事達(dá)成共識(shí)” ； agree at 短語不存在。句意為：結(jié)婚是幸福的時(shí)刻，但是當(dāng)我姐姐去年結(jié)婚時(shí)，

13、我母親和姐姐在任何事情上都無法達(dá)成共識(shí)。故正確答案為C?！敬鸢浮?C5. exchange n.&vt. 交換 ;交流 ;兌換歸納拓展（ 1）exchange ideas/information 交流想法 /信息exchange A for B 以 A 換 Bexchange sth.with sb與.某人交換某物（ 2）in exchange (for.)作為交換；以換the exchange rate兌換率make an exchange交換例句： Four of my cassettes for your Madonna CD is a fair exchange.我用四盒磁帶換

14、你的麥當(dāng)娜 Would you like my old TVCD 很公平。in exchange for this camera?用我的舊電視機(jī)換這架照相機(jī)，你愿意嗎？At the end of the game players traditionally exchange shirts with each other.按照傳統(tǒng)，比賽結(jié)束時(shí)兩隊(duì)球員互換球衣?！炬溄佑?xùn)練】 They _ a glance before they signed their names in the paper. A.changedB.turnedC.hadD.exchanged【解析】句意為：在文件上簽名之前他們互

15、相對(duì)視了一下。exchange a glance“相互看看” ，符合題意?！敬鸢浮?D The technical cooperation and cultural _ between the two countries are daily onthe increase.A.expensesB.exchangesC.revengeD.extension【解析】考查名詞辨析。句意為：這兩個(gè)國(guó)家間的技術(shù)合作與文化交流日益增強(qiáng)。culturalexchanges“文化交流” ，符合題意。 expense“花費(fèi)”； revenge“報(bào)復(fù)”； extension“加強(qiáng)”。【答案】 B要點(diǎn)二短語1. ma

16、ke an effort 努力；盡力歸納拓展（ 1） make an effort to do sth. 盡力做或勉為其難地做某事make every effort 盡一切努力make a good effort/(many) efforts to do sth. 盡一切努力做某事(2)spare no effort 不遺余力without effort 毫不費(fèi)力地例句： Lu lifted the box without any apparent effort.盧毫不費(fèi)力地把箱子搬起來。The clubs are making every effort to interest more yo

17、ung people.俱樂部正在盡一切努力來吸引更多的年輕人?！炬溄佑?xùn)練】We should make every _ to help all the students learn something useful in class.A.effortB.thingC.wayD.use【解析】句意為：我們應(yīng)盡一切努力幫助所有的同學(xué)在課堂上學(xué)到有用的東西。make everyeffort“盡全力”，符合題意。 B 項(xiàng) thing“事情 ,東西”；C 項(xiàng) way“道路， 方法”；D 項(xiàng) use“用處”，均與題意不符。【答案】 A We should _ to help the people in Y

18、ushu to rebuild their homes.A.make every effortsB.make all effortC.make an effortsD.spare no effort【解析】 句意為：我們應(yīng)該不遺余力地幫助玉樹人民重建家園。遺余力地去做” 。 A、B、C 三項(xiàng)短語均有錯(cuò)誤，A 項(xiàng)應(yīng)改為spare no effort to do sth“. 不make every effort ； B 項(xiàng)應(yīng)改為 make all efforts ； C 項(xiàng)應(yīng)改為make an effort ?！敬鸢浮?D2.up to歸納拓展（ 1） up to達(dá)到（數(shù)目）直到（高至）（程度）直

19、到（時(shí)間）=up till（ 2） be up to do 打算做 /正做（某種不好的事）It s up to sb.to do sth.應(yīng)由某人做某事It s up to you.由你做主 /取決于你。例句： I can take up to four people in my car.我的汽車能坐多達(dá)4 個(gè)人。My English isn t up to writing that letter.我的英語達(dá)不到能寫那封信的程度。What are these naughty boys up to?這些淘氣的男孩子在干什么？It s up to me to get the four of us

20、moving.由我來負(fù)責(zé)我們 4 個(gè)人的行動(dòng)?！炬溄佑?xùn)練】What in the world are you _ ? Stop it at once.A.up toB.upC.up withD.up against【解析】句意為：你到底在搞什么鬼？還不快住手。be up to do“打算做，正在做” ，一般指某種不好的事，根據(jù)句意可知選A。 in the world “究竟、到底”相當(dāng)于on earth?！敬鸢浮?A3. be/get close to靠近；接近歸納拓展（ 1） be close to接近（指空間） ；幾乎，將近（與數(shù)字連用）keep a close eye/watch on密

21、切注視；嚴(yán)密監(jiān)視come close to doing差一點(diǎn)兒就做（ 2） close up to 離很近c(diǎn)lose by臨近地（的） ；近旁的（地）例句： They chose a spot close to the river for their picnic.他們選擇了一個(gè)離河不遠(yuǎn)的地方來野餐。The two countries are close to signing a peace agreement.兩國(guó)即將簽署和平協(xié)議。The fire is too fierce for the firemen to get close to.火太大了，消防隊(duì)員無法靠近。同類辨析close與cl

22、oselyclose既可作動(dòng)詞、形容詞，還可作副詞，作副詞主要指從距離上來說比較近；詞主要指程度， “緊密地，緊緊地，仔細(xì)地” 。closely作副例句：Don t stand so close to her.別站得離她那么近。The boy followed his mother closely.那男孩緊跟著他母親?！炬溄佑?xùn)練】They re _ each other and talking _ .A.close to;closelyB.close to;closeC.closely to;closelyD.closely;close【解析】 be close to 表示空間或距離上“很近”

23、，而切地，緊密地” 。根據(jù)句意選A ?！敬鸢浮?A要點(diǎn)三句型closely用作副詞表示抽象意義，意為“密1.The bottom ten countries are all African countries，with Sierra Leone（in West Africa）at thebottom of the list.處于最后的10 個(gè)國(guó)家均是非洲國(guó)家，賽拉利昂（西非）排在最后?！皐ith+ 復(fù)合賓語”表示伴隨情況、方式、原因、時(shí)間或條件等，在句中除作狀語外，還可作定語。歸納拓展(1) “ with+ 名詞 /代詞 +名詞”在句中作定語或狀語。(2) “ with+ 名詞 /代詞 +形容

24、詞”在句中常作狀語。(3) “ with+ 名詞 /代詞 +副詞”在句中常作狀語。(4) “ with+ 名詞 /代詞 +介詞短語”在句中常作狀語或定語。(5) “ with+ 名詞 /代詞 +現(xiàn)在分詞”在句中常作狀語。其中現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)或正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。(6) “ with+ 名詞 /代詞 +過去分詞”，在句中作狀語，其中過去分詞表示被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作。(7) “ with+ 名詞 /代詞 +動(dòng)詞不定式”在句中常作狀語。其中不定式表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。例句： He went out into the dark street with a stick in his hand. 他走進(jìn)漆黑的街道，手里拿

25、著一根木棍。He is used to sleeping with the windows open.他習(xí)慣于開著窗子睡覺。He went out with all the lights on.他開著燈就出去了。He died with his son yet a school boy.他死的時(shí)候，他的兒子還是一個(gè)學(xué)生。We found her house easily with the little boy leading the way.由這個(gè)小男孩帶路，我們很容易地找到了她的家。With all the things she needed bought,she went home hap

26、pily.買了所需要的東西后，她高興地回家了。With so many things to deal with,I can t go on holiday.有這么多的事要處理，我不能去度假。【鏈接訓(xùn)練】With water _ constantly，the brave soldier jumped into the river to save thedrowning villager.A.to riseB.risingC.risenD.rose【解析】該空表示“正在上升” ，因此應(yīng)填現(xiàn)在分詞 rising，構(gòu)成“with+n.+ 現(xiàn)在分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)作伴隨狀語。 A、C、D 不能體現(xiàn)這一含義，故被排

27、除掉?！敬鸢浮?BThey usually give the show in the open，with the villagers _ on benches，chairs orsimply stones.A.having seatedB.seatingC.seatedD.being seated【解析】考查“ with+n.+ 非謂語動(dòng)詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)。 with the villagers.在此處作伴隨狀語，表示狀態(tài)。 seat的用法為 seat sb或. sb. be seated，故選 C 項(xiàng)?！敬鸢浮?C With exports _ a big role in its economic

28、growth,China has been affected by thecurrent financial storm.A.playingB.to playC.playedD.play【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞作賓補(bǔ)。句意為：由于出口在經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中占很大比重，因此當(dāng)前的金融風(fēng)暴一直影響著中國(guó)。export 與 play 之間存在邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故排除項(xiàng)；而 B 項(xiàng)表將來動(dòng)作，故被排除；A 項(xiàng)表主動(dòng)且進(jìn)行，故為正確答案?！敬鸢浮?AC、D 兩2. Beijing doesnt have as many freeways as Sydney does.北京沒有悉尼那么多的高速公路。as many f

29、reeways as Sydney does為比較狀語從句，as many.as“和一樣多，有之多”。as.as 結(jié)構(gòu)同級(jí)比較的形式有：（ 1）as+adj./adv.+as（ 2）as+adj.+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞 +as（ 3）as+adj.+a/an+ 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式 +as注意：（1）同級(jí)比較的否定式為not as/so.as.。（ 2）同級(jí)比較可修飾倍數(shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)、分?jǐn)?shù)等。（ 3）此結(jié)構(gòu)中第二個(gè) as 可為連詞也可為介詞，作連詞可引導(dǎo)一個(gè)比較狀語從句，從句常用省略；作介詞時(shí)，后接名詞，也可接數(shù)量詞表示某性質(zhì)達(dá)到了什么程度。例句： Asia is four times as la

30、rge as Europe.亞洲是歐洲的四倍大。We walked as far as the lake last night.昨晚我們散步遠(yuǎn)到湖邊。You must give flowers as much water as they need. 你必須給花澆足夠多的水。Teaching is as much an art as it is a science.教育是一門科學(xué)，更是一門藝術(shù)。He owed as many thanks to his parents as（ he owed） to his teachers.他同樣地感謝他的父母和老師。He is not so friendly

31、 to me as （I am ）to him.他對(duì)我不像我對(duì)他那樣友好?！炬溄佑?xùn)練】 Scientists generally agree that Earth s climate will warm up over the next 50 to 100 years_ it has warmed in the 20 ， 000 years since Ice Age.A.so long asB.as much asC.as long asD.as well as【解析】這是一個(gè)表示同級(jí)比較的比較狀語從句，比較的對(duì)象是上升的溫度。句意為：科學(xué)家普遍認(rèn)為，在未來的50 年到 100 年間，氣候?qū)?/p>

32、要變暖，其幅度相當(dāng)于自冰川期至現(xiàn)在兩萬年間的氣候變化?！敬鸢浮?BAs is reported, Russia uses _ energy as the whole of South America.A.as twiceB.twice muchC.twice much asD.twice as much【解析】此題使用的倍數(shù)的表達(dá)方式為“倍數(shù)+as+adj.原級(jí) +不可數(shù)名詞 +as”?！敬鸢浮?D要點(diǎn)四語法連接詞本模塊主要學(xué)習(xí)轉(zhuǎn)折連接詞but,however,while 與 although。(1)but 與 howeverbut 與 however 含義相同，都表示轉(zhuǎn)折語氣，意為“但是，然

33、而” but 是一個(gè)并列連詞，可用來連接兩個(gè)句子或一個(gè)句子的兩個(gè)部分。間，其后不加逗號(hào)。例句： He made good promises but seldom kept them.他說得很好聽，就是很少遵守諾言。一般放于兩個(gè)句子之but 還可用作副詞，意為“不過、僅僅”。例句： He is but a boy.他不過是個(gè)孩子。另外， but 還可作介詞，意為“除之外”。例句： We can do nothing but wait. 我們只能等。 however 是一個(gè)副詞，可放在句首、句中或句尾，須用逗號(hào)跟句子其他部分分開。例句： Lily got up very early this mo

34、rning.However,she still came late for the heavy traffic.莉莉今天早晨起得很早，然而，由于塞車她還是遲到了。另外， however 還可表示“無論如何，不管怎樣”。例句： However hard the task may be,we must finish it on time.不管任務(wù)多么艱巨，我們都必須按時(shí)完成。(2)although 與 whilealthough 是連詞，意為“雖然，盡管，然而”。在英語里如果用了although 或 though，就不能再用but，但可以用yet 或 still 。例句：雖然他身體不好，但是他工作

35、努力。誤 Although he is in poor health,but he works hard.正 Although ( 或 Though) he is in poor health,(yet) he works hard.正 He is in poor health,but he works hard. although 與 though 的用法有區(qū)別。although 較正式，多用于句首。 though 在非正式語體中較為普遍，但在下列用法中，不能用 although, 要用 though。a.表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)要用even though。例句： Even though I didn t

36、 understand a word,I kept smiling.盡管我一個(gè)字也不懂，我還是一直微笑著。b.though 可以用在倒裝句中。例句： Young though he is,he is quite experienced.他雖然年輕，但很有經(jīng)驗(yàn)。c.though 可作副詞，表示“然而”，放在句末或其他位置。例句： He said he would come.He didn t,though.他說他要來，結(jié)果卻沒來。while 是連詞，可表示時(shí)間，意為“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候，和同時(shí)”。a.表示對(duì)比，意為“而，然而”。例句： Some people respect him,while others despise him.有些人尊敬他，然而也有些人輕視他。b.表示讓步，意為“雖然，盡管”（ =although ）。例句： While I sympathize,I can t really do very much to help.盡管我很同情，但我實(shí)在幫不了什么。c.表示條件，意為“只要”（ =as long as）。例句： The