語(yǔ)法英語(yǔ)句子種類培訓(xùn)資料

1、語(yǔ)法英語(yǔ)句子種類句句 子成子成 分分 1. 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) 2. 謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ) 3. 表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ) 4. 賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ) 5. 定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ) 6. 補(bǔ)語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)7. 狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ) 8. 同位語(yǔ)同位語(yǔ) 句子種類句子種類陳述句陳述句疑問(wèn)句疑問(wèn)句祈使句祈使句感嘆句感嘆句1 1、陳述句、陳述句 陳述句是用來(lái)描述、說(shuō)明事實(shí)或表陳述句是用來(lái)描述、說(shuō)明事實(shí)或表述說(shuō)話人的看法的句子。陳述句有肯定式和否定式述說(shuō)話人的看法的句子。陳述句有肯定式和否定式兩種。其結(jié)構(gòu)形式為兩種。其結(jié)構(gòu)形式為“主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+ +謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)+”+”，否定形式，否定形式是在助動(dòng)詞、系動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后加是在助動(dòng)詞、系動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后加notnot。如：如：Light trave

2、ls faster than sound. Light travels faster than sound. ( (說(shuō)明事實(shí)說(shuō)明事實(shí)) )The film is rather boring. (The film is rather boring. (說(shuō)明看法說(shuō)明看法) )Tom is an 8Tom is an 8- -yearyear- -old boy. (old boy. (肯定式肯定式) )We donWe dont have any classes on weekends. t have any classes on weekends. ( (否定式否定式) )2 2、疑問(wèn)句、疑問(wèn)句

3、 有一般疑問(wèn)句、特殊疑問(wèn)句、有一般疑問(wèn)句、特殊疑問(wèn)句、 選擇疑問(wèn)句、反選擇疑問(wèn)句、反意意疑問(wèn)句。疑問(wèn)句。Did Did someonesomeone phone me last night? phone me last night? （一般疑問(wèn)句一般疑問(wèn)句） Who are you talking about? （特殊特殊疑問(wèn)句疑問(wèn)句）Shall I help you Shall I help you or or can you manage it?can you manage it? （選擇選擇疑問(wèn)句疑問(wèn)句）He had a big time there, didnt he? （反意反意疑問(wèn)

4、句疑問(wèn)句）反意疑問(wèn)句：反意疑問(wèn)句：由陳述句由陳述句+簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句構(gòu)成。簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句構(gòu)成。 1、前肯后否，前否后肯的原則。前肯后否，前否后肯的原則。即當(dāng)陳述句為肯定即當(dāng)陳述句為肯定句時(shí)，簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句為否定形式。當(dāng)陳述句為否定句時(shí)，句時(shí)，簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句為否定形式。當(dāng)陳述句為否定句時(shí)，簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句為肯定形式。簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句為肯定形式。 2、句中含有、句中含有no , never , hardly , few , little , nothing , nobody , seldom 等否定意義的詞時(shí)，等否定意義的詞時(shí)，后面用肯定形式。后面用肯定形式。 如：如：There is little water in the bottle

5、 , is there？ He can hardly speak English , can he ? 3、簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句部分的主語(yǔ)應(yīng)用人稱代詞。、簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句部分的主語(yǔ)應(yīng)用人稱代詞。4.陳述句的主語(yǔ)為陳述句的主語(yǔ)為no one，none , nobody ,everyone , someone , somebody , everybody等時(shí)，其附加部等時(shí)，其附加部分的主語(yǔ)要用分的主語(yǔ)要用they，但強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體時(shí)，常用，但強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體時(shí)，常用he。如：如：Everyone has got a book , arent they ? Someone is calling you , isnt he ?5、陳述

6、句的主語(yǔ)為、陳述句的主語(yǔ)為everything , anything , something ,nothing等時(shí)，附加部分的主語(yǔ)為等時(shí)，附加部分的主語(yǔ)為it 。如：如：Everything is OK, isnt it ?6、祈使句（無(wú)論否定還是肯定），反意疑問(wèn)部分一律用祈使句（無(wú)論否定還是肯定），反意疑問(wèn)部分一律用“will you”， 如：如：Please let us open the door , will you ? Dont look out of the window , will you ? 注意：注意： “l(fā)ets ”開(kāi)頭的句子，則用開(kāi)頭的句子，則用“shall we” 如

7、：如：Lets read the text together , shall we ?7、主從復(fù)合句的反意問(wèn)句以主句為主。主從復(fù)合句的反意問(wèn)句以主句為主。如：如：she thinks she can work it out , doesnt she ? He told you we would have an English exam , didnt he ?注意：注意：當(dāng)主句是當(dāng)主句是“I think / I suppose / I believe / I dont think ” 時(shí)，要以從句為主。時(shí)，要以從句為主。如：如：I think he is wrong this time , i

8、snt he ? I dont believe he will come tomorrow , will he ?8、反意疑問(wèn)句的回答。反意疑問(wèn)句的回答。1.當(dāng)陳述句部分是肯定時(shí)，當(dāng)陳述句部分是肯定時(shí)，yes表示是；表示是；no表示不。表示不。如：如：-You are a Chinese , arent you ? (你是一個(gè)中國(guó)人，是嗎？你是一個(gè)中國(guó)人，是嗎？ - Yes, I am . / No, I am not . （是的，我是。（是的，我是。/ 不，我不是。）不，我不是。）2.當(dāng)陳述句部分是否定時(shí)，當(dāng)陳述句部分是否定時(shí)，yes表示不；表示不；no表示是表示是。如：如：- You ha

9、ve never been to Beijing , have you ? （你從沒(méi)去過(guò)北京，是嗎？）（你從沒(méi)去過(guò)北京，是嗎？） - Yes, I have . I went there last summer. （不，我去過(guò)。我去年去的。）（不，我去過(guò)。我去年去的。）1。There is some milk in the bottle ,_-_?There is little orange , _?Tom is good at English, _?He has few friends here , _?They finished the work , _-_?Lilei can hardl

10、y speak Japanese ,_?Your parents can swim ,_? He could see nobody in the room ,_? Mr Green teaches you English , _? Please try them on , _? Dont turn on the TV,_? Lets go shopping , _? isnt there is there isnt he does he didnt they can he cant they could he doesnt he will you will you shall we 3 3、祈

11、使句、祈使句 表示請(qǐng)求、命令、勸告、建議等的句表示請(qǐng)求、命令、勸告、建議等的句子子，否定句的開(kāi)頭一般用，否定句的開(kāi)頭一般用dondont t。Copy this exercise in your notebook. 把這道習(xí)題抄在你們的筆記本上。Dont be afraid of making mistakes. 不要怕犯錯(cuò)誤。Lets take the child to the park! 讓我們帶孩子去公園吧！4 4、感嘆句、感嘆句 由由what what 或或howhow引導(dǎo)的，表示快樂(lè)、痛苦等強(qiáng)引導(dǎo)的，表示快樂(lè)、痛苦等強(qiáng)烈的感情。烈的感情。1. How+形容詞形容詞/副詞副詞+（主（主

12、+謂）！謂）！ How cold the day is !/How quickly he runs !2. What+形容詞形容詞+名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞+（主（主+謂）！謂）！ What beautiful flowers!/What bad weather it is !3. What+a/an+形容詞形容詞+名詞名詞+（主（主+謂）！謂）！ What an interesting story (it is)!用用How , What (a / an) 填空填空_ delicious food it is ! _interesting film! _bad weather

13、! _good day ! _tall the boy is ! _good news it is ! _beautiful clothes they are ! _ nice teacher he is ! _nice Tom is ! _beautiful flowers they are ! _ hard work !1. _ hard job !WhatWhat anWhat What aHowWhat What What a How What What What a句子類型句子類型簡(jiǎn)單句簡(jiǎn)單句并列句并列句復(fù)合句復(fù)合句( )1.(2013)Jacks never seen a 3D m

14、ovie at the cinema, _？ A. hasnt he B. has he C. isnt he D. is he反意疑問(wèn)句中，前面否定，后面肯定，此題時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。反意疑問(wèn)句中，前面否定，后面肯定，此題時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故選故選B B（ ）2. (2012)-_ silly I am！I dont know what to do next. -Its easy. Press the green button in 30 seconds. A. How B. How a C. What D. What a( )3.(2011)-Here is a bicycle for yo

15、ur birthday,Jason. -Wow！_ gift it is！Its my favorite. A. What a delicious B. How delicious C. How nice D. What a nice感嘆句句型為：感嘆句句型為：WhatWhat（a/an+a/an+形容詞形容詞+ +名詞（名詞（+ +主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+ +謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)) )！ How+How+形容詞形容詞/ /副詞（副詞（+ +主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+ +謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)) )！故選！故選D D。( ) 4. (2010)Bob, you played the game “Growing ”and “Stealing” on

16、the Internet last night,_？ A. werent you B. didnt you C. were you D. did you( )5.(2009)Dont forget to send a message, _？ A. can you B. will you C. do you D. are you此題旨在考查祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句，主語(yǔ)人稱為省略此題旨在考查祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句，主語(yǔ)人稱為省略 的的youyou。故選。故選B B。( )6.(2009) _ I had in Beijing last summer!A. What wonderful time B. Wh

17、at a wonderful time C. What wonderful a time D. How wonderful time感嘆句句型為：感嘆句句型為：What What （a/ana/an）+ +形容詞形容詞+ +名詞（名詞（+ +主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+ +謂語(yǔ)）！謂語(yǔ)）！How +How +形容詞形容詞/ /副詞（副詞（+ +主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+ +謂語(yǔ)）！故選謂語(yǔ)）！故選B B。1. _does your mother watch the Talk Show? Once a week. A. How long B. How often C. How soon D. How much2. Is this

18、 a Chinese book or an English book ? -Oh,_ A. Yes, it is B. No, it isnt. C. An English book D. A music book 3. _ the radio, please. The baby is sleeping now. A. Not turn on B. Dont turn on C. Not turn down D. Dont turn down4. Please bring your homework to school tomorrow, Steven.OK, I _. A. will B.

19、wont C. do D. dont5- _ bag is this？-Its mine.A.What BWho C.Whos DWhoseABDC檢測(cè)檢測(cè)B6. _ sad news it is! We must try our best to help them out of trouble. A. What a B. What C. How a D. How7. _ great time we had last week!A. How B. How a C. What D. What a8. I suppose youre not going today, _?A. are you B. do you C. dont you D. arent you9. You have some trouble finding where I live, _?A. didnt you B. dont you C. do I D. dont I10. Everyones having a good time, _?A.