被動語態(tài)講解及練習(含答案)

1、The Passive Voice 被動語態(tài) 一、被動語態(tài)的構成形式 1. 被動語態(tài)的基本時態(tài)變化 1) am/is/are +done (過去分詞) 一般現(xiàn)在時 2） has /have been done 現(xiàn)在完成時 3） am/is /are being done 現(xiàn)在進行時 4） was/were done 一般過去時 5） had been done 過去完成時 6） was/were being done 過去進行時 7） shall/will be done 一般將來時 8） should/would be done 過去將來時 2. 被動語態(tài)的特殊結構形式 1)帶情態(tài)動詞的被動

2、結構。其形式為：情態(tài)動詞be過去分詞。 例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter. 2) 有些動詞可以有兩個賓語，在用于被動結構時，可以把主動結構中的一個賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，另一賓語仍然保留在謂語后面。 例His mother gave him a present for his birthday.可改為 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday. 3) 當“動詞+賓語+賓語補足語”結構變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，將賓語變?yōu)楸粍咏Y構中的主語，其余不動。 例Someone c

3、aught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改為The boy was caught smoking a cigarette. 4）在使役動詞have, make,let以及感官動詞see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作賓語補語時，在主動結構中不定式to要省略，但變?yōu)楸粍咏Y構時，要加to。 例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改為A stranger was seen to walk into the building. 5) 有些相當于及物動詞的動詞

4、詞組，如“動詞介詞”，“動詞副詞”等，也可以用于被動結構，但要把它們看作一個整體，不能分開。其中的介詞或副詞也不能省略。 例The meeting is to be put off till Friday. 3. 非謂語動詞的被動語態(tài) ving形式及不定式 to do 也有被動語態(tài)。 例I don't like being laughed at in the public. 二、 如何使用被動語態(tài) 1. 講話者不知道動作的執(zhí)行者或不必說出動作的執(zhí)行者 (這時可省 by 短語)。 例 My bike was stolen last night. 2. 借助被動的動作突出動作的執(zhí)行者。 例

5、 I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should accept the offer. 3. 為了更好地安排句子。 例The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. （一個主語就夠了） 三、 It is said that+從句及其他類似句型 一些表示“據(jù)說”或“相信”的動詞如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等可以用于句型“Itbe過去分詞that從句”或“主

6、語be過去分詞to do sth.”。有： It is said that 據(jù)說,It is reported that據(jù)報道，It is believed that大家相信， It is hoped that大家希望，It is well known that眾所周 It is thought that大家認為， It is suggested that據(jù)建議。 四、謂語動詞的主動形式表示被動意義 1.英語中有很多動詞如 break，catch，clean，drive，lock，open，sell，read，write，wash等，當它們被用作不及物動詞來描述主語特征時，常用其主動形式 表達

7、被動意義,主語通常是物。 例 This kind of cloth washes well. 注意：主動語態(tài)表被動強調(diào)的是主語的特征，而被動語態(tài)則強調(diào)外界作用造成的影響。 試比較：The door won't lock （指門本身有毛?。?The door won't be locked （指不會有人來鎖門, 指“門沒有鎖”是人的原因） 2. 表示“發(fā)生、進行”的不及物動詞和短語，如：happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out等

8、以主動形式表示被動意義。 例 How do the newspapers come out? 這些報紙是如何印出來的呢？ 3. 系動詞沒有被動形式, 但有些表示感受、感官的系動詞feel, sound, taste, look, feel等在主系表結構中常以主動形式表示被動意義。 例Your reason sounds reasonable. 五、非謂語動詞的主動形式表被動意義，在某些句型中可用動名詞和不定式的主動形式表被動意義 。 1 在need，want，require, bear等詞的后面，動名詞用主動形式表示被動意義，其含義相當于動詞不定式的被動形式。 例The house needs

9、 repairing（to be repaired）這房子需要修理。 2 形容詞worth后面跟動名詞的主動形式表示被動含義，但不能跟動詞不定式；而worthy后面跟動詞不定式的被動形式。 例The picture-book is well worth reading（The picture-book is very worthy to be read） 3. 在某些“形容詞不定式”做表語或賓語補足語的結構中，句子的主語或賓語又是動詞不定式的邏輯賓語時，這時常用不定式的主動形式表達被動意義。有nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible，p

10、leasant，interesting等。 例This problem is difficult to work out .（可看作to work out省略了for me）. 4 在too to結構中，不定式前面可加邏輯主語，所以應用主動形式表示被動意義。 例This book is too expensive (for me) to buy.被動語態(tài)練習及答案1、( ) 1 The People's Republic of China _ on October 1, 1949. A. found B. was founded C. is founded D. was found(

11、) 2 English _ in Canada. A. speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken( ) 3 This English song_ by the girls after class. A. often sings B. often sang C. is often sang D. is often sung( ) 4 This kind of car _ in Japan. A, makes B. made C. is making D. is made( ) 5 New computers _ all over the w

12、orld. A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used2、 ( ) 1 Our room must _ clean. A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep( ) 2 -I'd like to buy that coat.-I'm sorry. _. A. it sold B. it's selling C. It's been sold D. it had been sold( ) 3 A new house _ at the corner of the ro

13、ad. A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be building( ) 4 The key _ on the table when I leave. A. was left B. will be left C. is left D. has been left( ) 5 Doctors _ in every part of the world. A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need( ) 6 His new book_ next month.A. will be pu

14、blished B. is publishing C. is being published D. has been published3( ) 1 Japanese _ in every country. A. is not spoken B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is not speaking( ) 2 These papers_yet. A. have not written B. have not been written C. has not written D. has not been written( ) 3 The sports meet

15、 _ be held until next week. A. didn't B. won't C. isn't D. doesn't4( ) 1 -My shoes are worn out.A. Can't they be mended? B. Let me have a look at it. C. How much do they cost? D. Can't they mended?( ) 2 _ the watch been repaired yet? I badly need it. A. Does B. Has C. Is D .

16、Are( ) 3 _ these desks be needed? A. Will B. Are C. Has D. Do5( ) 1 Why _ to talk about it yesterday?A. didn't a meeting hold B. wasn't a meeting held C. wasn't held a meeting D. a meeting wasn't held( ) 2 Who was the book_? A. write B. wrote C. written D. written by( ) 3 Where _ the

17、se boxes made? A. was B. were C. is D. am6( ) 1 The flowers _ often. A. must be water B. must be watered C. must watered D. must water( ) 2 The books may_ for two weeks. A. be kept B. be borrowed C. keep D. borrow( ) 3 The broken bike_ here by Mr Smith. A. can mend B. can mended C. can be mend D. ca

18、n be mended7( ) 1 The old bridge in my hometown_ next month.A. is going to be rebuilt B. will rebuilt C. are going to be rebuiltD. are going to rebuilt( ) 2 The play _ at the theatre next Sunday.A. is going to be shown B. will shown C. will show D. is shown( ) 3 The old stone bridge _ next week.A. i

19、s going to be rebuilt B. will be rebuild C. are going to be rebuilt D. will rebuild8( ) 1 Now these magazines_ in the library for a long time. A. have kept B. are keeping C. have been keeping D. have been kept( ) 2 The pot _ for _ hot water.A. used; keeping B. was used; keeping C. is used; to keep D

20、. are used; keep( ) 3 Tea _ in the south of China.A. grows B. is grown C. were grown D. will grow( ) 4 The bridges_ two years ago.A. is built B. built C. were built D. was built( ) 5 Wet clothes are often _ up near a fire in rainy weather.A. hang B. hanged C. hanging D. hung9( ) 1 The river smells t

21、errible. People must _ dirty things into it.A. be stopped to throw B. be stopped from throwing C. stop to throw D. stop from throwing( ) 2 The teapot _ water.A. is filled with B. filled of C. fulling of D. filled( ) 3 Old people must be looked after well and _ politely.A. speak to B. spoken C. speak

22、 D. spoken to( ) 4 Old people must _.A. look after well B. be looked well after C. looked well after D. be looked after well10( ) 1 Newly-born babies_in hospital.A. are taken good care B. are taken good care of C. take good care of D. take good care( ) 2 They were_ at the sudden noise.A. frightening

23、 B. frightened C. frighten D. frightens( ) 3 These walls _ stone.A. are made of B. made of. C. are made into D. made into11( ) 1 Jane _ to sing us an American song last Saturday.A. called B. was asked C. told D. was said( ) 2 The papers _ to them.A.were shown B. show C. shown / D. have shown( ) 3 Th

24、e coat_her sister.A. made to B. were made for C. was made for D. was made to12( ) 1 I _ five minutes to decide whether I should go or not.A. gave B. was giving C. had given D. was given( ) 2 Good care_such things.A. should take of B. should be taken C. should be taking D. should be taken of( ) 3 She

25、 will_good care_.A. take; of B. be taken; of C. take; for you D. be taken; of you13( ) 1 The teacher made him_ his homework.A. to do B. do C. did D. done( ) 2 The boy_ streets without pay in the old days.A. was made to clean B. made clean C. made to clean D. was made clean( ) 3 These children_dance.

26、A. were seen to B. were seen for C. were seen D. saw to14( ) 1 These stones_well.A. are fitted B. fit C. fits D. is fitted( ) 2 The bike _ 500 yuan.A. was cost B. costed C. cost D. is costed( ) 3 The important meeting _ on a cold morning last year.A. was' had B. was held C. held D. had15( ) 1 Gr

27、eat changes_ in the past ten years in China.A. took place B. have taken place C. were taking place D. had taken place( ) 2 You can't use the computer, it_.A. was broken down B. is wrong C. is bad D. has broken down( ) 3 Great changes_in our country during the past 20 years. A. have happened B. h

28、appened C. have been happened D. were happened( ) 4 The watch has often _ down.A. sat B. lain C. broken D. fell16( ) 1 Please pass me another cup. This one_.A. is broken B. is breaking C. broke D. broken( ) 2 The story books_ by the writer in the 1960s.A. are written B. were writtenC. are writing D. were writing( ) 3 What time _ the door _ every day?A. does; closed B. does; close C. is; closed D. /; close17( ) 1 Can he_ himself? A. get dress B. get dressed C. gets dressed D. instead of( ) 2 He fell f