（整理版高中英語）第三冊Unit4Greenworld

1、第三冊unit 4 green worldi單元知識點全覽 工欲善其事 必先利其器高考須掌握的詞匯：1classification 2botany 3identlfy 4promotion 5appointment 6abandoned 7cornfortable 8appear9mere 10teehnical；technology高考須掌握的短語：1on 2away 3in 4cosy 5on 6into 7after 8as 9in 10out 11to 12for 13on 14into考點過關(guān) 過關(guān)斬將 一馬平川考點詳解 精剖細(xì)解 入巿三分一、重點詞匯1reward n&vt

2、報酬；獎賞；酬謝eg： she offered a reward of$2，000 for information about her missing son她懸賞典型例題的下落。 he was given a medal as a reward for his service他因為有功而獲得一枚獎?wù)?。how call i reward your help?一how can i reward you for your help?我怎樣才能報答你對我的幫助(之恩)? if you do wellin engiish，well reward you with a trip abroed如果你英語學(xué)

3、得好，我們會獎勵你一次免費的國外游。相關(guān)鏈接:rewarding adj有報酬的；有價值的用法拓展：fewerd sbwith sth用獎賞某人 reward sbfor(doing)sth因(干)某事獎賞某人 give sbrewards for因?qū)δ橙诉M(jìn)行獎賞 be giyen a medal as a reward for因而獲得一枚獎?wù)绿貏e提醒：獎賞的原因用介詞for；具體獎賞多少用介詞of。案例剖析 旁征博引 舉一反三考題1 it is widely accepted that young babies learn to do things because certain acts

4、lead to arewards bprizes cawards dresults考題1點撥：答案為a。根據(jù)題意可知，表示“替他人干事或提供效勞后得到的酬勞或獎賞時用reward。句意為：“小孩子學(xué)做事 情，因為他們知道這樣做會得到報酬，這是被大家所公認(rèn)的?？偨Y(jié)提示:記住reward的含叉及搭配。2appoint vt約定；任命；委派 eg：he was appoirited(as/to be) mayor of the city of beijing他被任命為市市長。 we appointed the date for the meeting 我們約定了這次會議的日期。相關(guān)鏈接：appoin

5、tment n約會appointed adj指定的用法拓展：appoint sb(as/to be)任命某人干 make/have an appointment with與預(yù)約 bteak one's appointment失約特別提醒:男女之間的約會用date；have a date with sb與某人約會?？碱}2 -hello, may i have an appointment with the doctor? _ a. sorry, he is busy at the moment. b. why didn't you call earlier? c. certain

6、ly. may i know your name? d. sorry. he doesn't want to see you.考題2點撥:答案為c。此題考查約會的交際用語，根據(jù)習(xí)慣應(yīng)選c。句意為：“我可以預(yù)約醫(yī)生嗎?當(dāng)然，你叫什么名字?總結(jié)提示：弄清appoint的搭配及用法。 3appetire n欲望；胃口 eg： he has an appetite for knowledge他渴望知識。 the old man has a good appetite這個老人胃口很好。用法拓展：have a good(poor)appetite胃口(不)好 show/have an appeti

7、te for愛好；渴望 to one's appetite合某人口味投某人所好特別提醒：have an appetite for與have an itch for，have a desire fo r的含義一樣，表示“愛好；渴望?？碱}3 (典型例題)having fallen ill for quite a long time, the little girl doesn't have for any food. a. a touch b. desire c. an appetite d. a wish考題3點撥，答案為c。根據(jù)題意，此空表示“胃口，應(yīng)填an appetite，

8、句意為：“已經(jīng)病了好長時間了，這個小女弦對任何食物都沒有胃口。 二、重點短語4look oat for留神留意eg： do iook out for spelling mistakes when you write a composltion寫作文時要留神拼寫錯誤。 you must look out for snakes when camping in the open"air在戶外野營時，一定要小心蛇。 相關(guān)鏈接：look out for留神，留意watch out fo r留神，留意 take care小心 be careful小心 look out of向外面看特別提醒：留神

9、“某人或某物用介詞for?？碱}4 the voice of the announcer continued: out for white cars. don't pick up strangers. a. look b. run c. call d. set考題4點撥；答案為a。根據(jù)語境可知，誼空應(yīng)填“提防應(yīng)選a，look out for，“留心，提防句意為：“播送在繼續(xù)：當(dāng)心白色轎車，不要拉陌生人。 總結(jié)提示: look out for“留神，留意。5pass away作為不及物動詞使用，可以表示時間度過，過去，(不安)消失；還可以表示“死亡。 eg： we had so mueh

10、fun that the holidays passed away before we realized it 我們過得很快樂，不知不覺假期就結(jié)束了。 his sadness passed away with time going on 隨著時間的推移，他的悲傷也漸漸消失了。the old man passed away at midnight這位老人午夜去世了。用法拓展：pass away消失；死pass out昏倒；死pass on傳下去 pass by從旁邊經(jīng)過特別提醒：pass away為不及物動詞，當(dāng)“死亡講時是die的一種委婉說法。考題5 ( 典型例題分 ) having lear

11、ned that her father without anyone staying with him, the girl burst into tears. a. passed away b. gone by c. passed by d. gone away考題5點撥:答案為a。根據(jù)the girl burst into tears可推斷出，談空表示“去世應(yīng)填pass away。句意為：“當(dāng)這個女孩得知她父親去世時沒人守在身旁時，突然哭了。總結(jié)提示:pass away表示“去世，是一種委婉的說法。6on a large scale大量地；大規(guī)模地eg： this factory is pr

12、oducing this new kind of computer on a large seale這 家工廠正在大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)這種新款電腦。 they are preparing for war on a iarge seale他們在大規(guī)模備戰(zhàn)。用法拓展：on a large(big)scale大量地；大規(guī)模地out of scale不分比例 to scaie依比例決定 seale down(up)按比例減少(增加)特別提醒：on a large seale是一個副詞短語。 考題6 -how many trees do you want? -haven't you known that

13、we want young trees on a large ? a. number b. amount c. size. d. scale考題6點撥：答案為d?？疾閛n a large scale。句意為：“你想要多少棵樹?你還不知道嗎?我們大量地需要樹苗?？偨Y(jié)提示l on a large scale“大規(guī)模地；大量地為固定搭配。 三、重點交際用語7imagine you have a small garden plot，in which you can grow whatever you like想像你 有一小塊菜地，你可以在里面種植任何你喜歡的東西。 whatever引導(dǎo)的名詞從句作gr

14、ow的賓語。 whatever“無掄什么，任何東西可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，也可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。 eg：whatever you have is mine(名詞性從句)你所有的東西都是我的。 you can do whatever you like(名詞性從句)你可以做你喜歡做的任何事情。 whatever happens，please let me know(狀語從句)無論發(fā)生什么事情，請讓我知道。用法拓展：(1)whatever引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時相當(dāng)于anything that，引導(dǎo)的從句可以作主語、賓語和表語。 (2)whatever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句相當(dāng)于no matter what，引導(dǎo)的從

15、句作狀語。 (3)類似的還有：whoeyer，whomeverwhichever?？碱}7-1 it is generally considered un-wise to give a child he or she wants. a. however b. whatever c. whichever d. whenever考題7-2 these wild flowers are so spe-cial i would do i can to save them. a. whatever b. that c. which d. whichever考題71點撥：答案為b。根據(jù)give sbsth可

16、知，從句在此作賓語，故用whatever。whichever表示“任何一個，任何一些，而其余兩項引導(dǎo)狀語從句。句意為：“孩子要什么就給什么被認(rèn)為是不明智的?？碱}72點撥：答案為a。whatever引導(dǎo)的從句作do的賓語。句意為：“這些野花這么特別，以至于我愿意做任何事情來挽救它們?？偨Y(jié)提示：whatever可用來引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，也可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。 四、重點句型 8in 1778，banks was elected president of the royal society，a position he held for 42 years 在1778年，班克斯被選為皇家學(xué)會的主席，在這個位子

17、上呆了42年。 a positron he held for 42 years是名詞president ofthe royal society的同位語，在這個同位語中， he held for 42 years為position的定語從句。這種同位語在近幾年的高考或模擬高考試題中屢次涉及。 eg： i want to buy a house，one with a big garden 我想買一座房子，一個帶有花園的房子。 the children have caught a diphtheria，a disease that spreads very quickly 這些孩子患了白喉。一種傳播

18、非常迅速的疾病。 考題8 meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgetable moment, i will always treasure. a. that b. one c. it d. what考題8點撥:答案為b。one這里用作前面an unforgetable moment的同位語。句意為:“這么多年后與叔叔重逢是令人難毫的事情，我會永遠(yuǎn)珍視這一刻。總結(jié)提示: one或the one用作同位語應(yīng)特別重視。五、詞語辨析9award，prize·reward 三者都與“獎有關(guān)，但意思上有差異。award是對于某人的

19、優(yōu)異成績或卓越奉獻(xiàn)經(jīng)評定后由政府或組織正式授予的獎勵，尤指獎勵裁定中的結(jié)果。prize是指某人因在競賽中獲得的優(yōu)異成績而得到的獎勵，側(cè)重于對某一成績的嘉獎。reward是指替他人干事或提供效勞后得到的酬勞或獎賞等，著重于對某一行為的回報。特別提醒award著重“評定獲獎，reward側(cè)重“回報，prize側(cè)重“成績?？碱}9-1 a _ _ will be offered for information leading to the arrest of the bank robber. a. price b. fund c. reward d. profit考題9-2 用 award, priz

20、e, reward 的適當(dāng)形式填空 (1) he won the _ for the best actor of this year. (2) my deskmate won the first in the computer competition. (3)he will expect a _ _ after working so hard.考題9-1點撥：答案為c。從information leading to the arrest of the bank robber可知，是指獲得的報酬。應(yīng)選c。句意為：“報酬將要提供應(yīng)那些提供信息逮捕銀行搶劫犯的人?？碱}9-2點撥:(1)award (

21、2)prize(3)rewardlo1ate，later，latter，lately，latest，last late是形容詞或副詞，意為“遲、晚；later是late的比擬級，意為“更遲；更晚；latest是late的最高級形式，“最新的，最近的，最遲的；latter表示兩者中的“后者；后半局部，通常與former對應(yīng)；lately是副詞，“最近；近來與recently含義相同，用于現(xiàn)在完成時或一般現(xiàn)在時；last意為“最后的；上一個。注意以下短語： in the late afternoon黃昏late jn the day當(dāng)天晚些時候 work late into the night工作

22、到深夜 sit/stay late熬夜 soonor or later遲早； 總有一天the latest news最新消息his latest works他最近的作品特別提醒：late同recent；lately同recently；lately不是late的副詞形式?？碱}10 用 late, later, latter, lately, latest, last 的適當(dāng)形式填空 (1)the bus arrived five minutes (2) he arrived in lndon on mnday. two days , he left for new york. (3)this i

23、s the newspaper. (4)he didn't come (5)he was the person to come here. (6)of the two books, i prefer the foyer to the 考題10點撥:(1)late晚5分鐘(2)later兩天以后 (3)latest最新的報紙(4)lately最近(5)last最后一個(6)latter兩者中的后者 總結(jié)提示；lately，latest含義不同。語法歸納 精通規(guī)那么 游刃有余本單元的語法重點是句子的成分賓語賓語(object)在句中主要充當(dāng)動作的承受者，因此一般置于及物動詞后?？梢杂米髻e語

24、的有名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞化形容詞、副詞、不定式、動名詞、介詞短語、名詞化的分詞、從句等。 eg： she is expecting a baby in juy她將于7月份分娩。(名詞)。 they won't hurt us他們不會傷害我們。(代詞) if you add 5 to 5，you get 105加5得10。(數(shù)詞) he is always helping the poorer than himself他總是幫助比他窮困的人。(名詞化形容詞) he left there last week他上周離開了那兒。(副詞) does she really mean to lea

25、ve home?她真的打算離開家嗎?(不定式) he stopped smoking last week他上周戒煙了。(動名詞) he never did the unexpected他從不做使人感到意外的事。(名詞化分詞) do you understand what i mean?你懂我的意思嗎?(從句)特別提醒：英語中有些動詞需要兩個同等的賓語，即直接賓語(direct o bject)與間接賓語(indirect object)。常用的有answer，bring，buy，deny，do，fetch，find，get， give，hand，keep，leave，lend，itlake，o

26、ffer，owe，pass，pay，play，promise，read， refuse，save，sell，send，show，sing，take，teach，tell，throw，wish，write等。間接賓語一般須與直接賓語連用，通常放在直接賓語之前。 eg： he never made me such excuses他從未向我表示過這種歉意。 i have found him a place我給他找到了一個職位。 she made her son a scarf她為她的兒子做了一條圍巾。由于種種原因，間接賓語亦可置于直接賓語之后，但其前一般須用介詞to或for。 eg：i gave m

27、y address to him我把我的地址給了他。(強(qiáng)調(diào)間接賓語hira)he threw the ball to me。not to tom 他將球扔給了我，沒有扔給湯姆。(強(qiáng)調(diào)me和tom，并使二者形成對照) i have found a place for bob，who is my brother 我給鮑勃找到了一個職位，他是我的兄弟。(間接賓語/30b后有修飾語) 如兩個賓語都是代詞，間接賓語亦應(yīng)放在直接賓語之后。 eg： give it to me把它給我。 why didn't you show it to him?你為什么沒有將它給他看?考題1 (典型例題)he wa

28、s very busy; he couldn't help the house for you. a. cleaning b. clean c. be cleaned d. being cleaned考題2 (典型例題)the bird was lucky that it just missed a. catching b. be caught c. being caught d. to catch專題1點撥:答案為b。根據(jù)he was very busy可推斷出couldn't help為“不能幫助干萊事后面接不定式作賓語，而can't help doing意為“情不

29、自禁干某事。句意為：“他很忙，不能幫你清掃屋子。 考題2點撥；答案為c。從結(jié)構(gòu)上看，a、c均可作miss的賓語，但catch與主語bird為被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)選c。句意為：“這個鳥很幸運沒 有被捉住。總結(jié)提示：特別注意：一些動詞后面只接不定式或只接動名詞作賓語。iv專題探究 由點及面 由表及里專題探究：時態(tài)專題詳解：1根據(jù)題干中的時間標(biāo)志詞選擇時態(tài)2根據(jù)固定搭配選擇時態(tài)考題1 at this time tomorrow over the ocean. a. we're going to fly b. we'll be flying c. we'll fly d. we'

30、;re to fly考題2 the reporter said the ufo _ east to west when he saw it. a. was travelling b. travelled c. had been traveling d. was to travel考題3 he _ _ to the lab than he set out to do the experiment. a. has no sooner got b. no sooner got c. will no sooner get d. had no sooner got考題4 we were swimming

31、 in the lake _ _ suddenly the storm started. a. when b. while c. until d. before 考題1點撥：答案為b。此題的時間標(biāo)志詞為at this time tomorrow，表示“在明天的這個時候，要與將來進(jìn)行時連用。 考題2點撥:答案為a。根據(jù)時間狀語when he saw it并結(jié)合語境，可知句意為：“記者說當(dāng)他看見不明飛行物時，它正自東向西飛行。要用過去進(jìn)行時。 考題3點撥：答案為d。no sooner一than是一固定搭配，意思是“一就從句用一般過去時，主句用過去完成時。相同意思的結(jié)構(gòu)還有hardly(scarce

32、ly)when 考題4點撥：答案為a。be doing一when一是一個固定句式，意思是“正在，這時(發(fā)生了另一件事)，主句中使用過去進(jìn)行時，從句中使用一般過去時；另外也可使用be about to do一when句式，意思是“正要做，這時。 總結(jié)提示；1敏銳捕捉時間標(biāo)志詞，并結(jié)合具體的語境，選出乓確的動詞時態(tài) 2第一輪復(fù)習(xí)中，同學(xué)們一定要夯實根底知識，熟記教材中出現(xiàn)的各種習(xí)慣搭配，這不僅有助于解答語法和詞匯知識題，而且時于 解答完形填空和短文改錯題也有幫助，還能為寫作題增色不少。v考題類型一網(wǎng)打盡 驀然回首 燈火闌珊回憶1 測試考點 4 (典型例題-_ _ for the glass! -i

33、t's ok. im wearing shoes.a. look out b, walk out c. go out d. set out1a點撥：考查交際用語的用法。根據(jù)下文“im wearing shoes可知對方提醒“注意小心玻璃，所以該空應(yīng)表示“小心留神，故用look out；而go out“出去walk out“走出去，set out“出發(fā)均與語意不符?；貞? 測試語法 (典型例題分)mary wrote an article on the team had failed to win the game.a. why b. what c. who d. that2a點撥：考查

34、介詞后面賓語從句。根據(jù)題意：“mary寫了一篇關(guān)于球隊在此次比賽中失敗的原因的文章，所以選a表示原因?；貞? 測試考點 7 (典型例題分)the poor young man is ready to accept help he can get. a. whichever b. however c. whatever d. whenever3c點撥：題意：“這個可憐的年輕人準(zhǔn)備接受他能夠得到的任何幫助。分析 help he can get這一從句結(jié)構(gòu)。get后面缺少賓語故排除掉b、d，而a項whichever它強(qiáng)調(diào)在一定范圍內(nèi)的選擇。而whatever泛指“無論什么，無論什么樣的。應(yīng)選c。vi

35、 高考題預(yù)測 高瞻遠(yuǎn)矚 占盡先機(jī)一、考情預(yù)測 年考情預(yù)測預(yù)測1：reward，award的用法預(yù)測2：appetite的用法 預(yù)測根據(jù)：appetite是新教材的一個重要詞匯，它又是一個名詞，對它的考查也勢在必行。 命題角度預(yù)測：appetite除了表示“胃口，食欲外，還用來表示“欲望，渴望同desire，itch兩詞的用法相同，通常構(gòu)成短語 have an appetite fo r“渴望。預(yù)測3：whatever的用法 預(yù)測根據(jù)：whatever是一個重要的連詞，它的用法廣泛，學(xué)生對其用法又模糊不清，因此很容易成為高考的熱點，典型例題考題中均已涉及。導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句相當(dāng)于no matter

36、what。預(yù)測4：lately，latter，latest，iate的用法預(yù)測5：動詞bteak與out，up，down，off，into等副詞和介詞連用時，在具體語境中的靈活運用的能力。預(yù)測6：話題預(yù)測 本單元的話題是botany，介紹了植物科學(xué)的產(chǎn)生和物種起源，涉及植物的分類，保護(hù)等有關(guān)話題。怎樣保護(hù)動植物這一話題將會是高考完形填空，閱讀理解所考查的內(nèi)容。二、考題預(yù)測 備考1測試考點4 in my opinion, the thief is likely to come. please look for him. a. up b. after c. out d. down1c點撥：題意：“

37、我認(rèn)為小偷很可能會來偷東西，所以要留心他?！傲粜牧羯駪?yīng)用look out表示，而look up“抬頭看，查找，look after“照顧，look down“看不起均不符合語境。 備考2測試考點6 since brought in, this plant has been grow-ing on a large in this area. a. number b. amount c. group d. scale2d點撥：考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)題意：“這種植物自從被引進(jìn)，一直在這個地區(qū)大規(guī)模生長。on a large scald“大量地。大規(guī)模地為固定搭配。 備考3測試考點3 -when he w

38、as a small child, he had a(n) for knowledge. no wonder he knew so much. a. wish b. appetite c. touch d. study3b 點撥：考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)no wonder he knew so much可判知，“他從小就渴望獲得知識，因此他現(xiàn)在懂得很多。 have an appetite for?？释瑸楣潭ù钆?。 備考4測試考點2 hellen never thought the director would her to be in charge of the sales department.

39、 a. make b.consider c. appoint d. suggest4c點撥：考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)題意：“hellen從未想到經(jīng)理會任命她來負(fù)責(zé)銷售部，appoint“任命而consider“認(rèn)為，考慮，suggest“建議與題意不符合，且suggest后面不用suggest sbto do sth，應(yīng)選c。 備考5測試考點1 you would be offered a(n) of $ 5,000 for the arrest of the murderer, according to the news on tv last night. a. prize b. award c.

40、 reward d. result5c 點撥：考查名詞辨析。prize“獎品，award“頒獎，reward“酬金，報酬，根據(jù)題意：根據(jù)昨天晚上的新聞，抓獲兇手者 將獲得5，000美元的賞金。應(yīng)選c。 備考6測試考點 7 my son, you can ask me for you like, if you keep quiet.a. which b. no matter what c. whatever d. that6c點撥：考查連詞用法。根據(jù)題意：“我的兒子，如果你安靜的話，你可以向我要你喜歡的任何東西。whatever"無論什么引導(dǎo)的從句作介詞for的賓語，同時又作like的

41、賓語。而no matter what引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，不符合語法。 備考7測試考點10 do you know why he has made so many mistakes ? a. late b. lately c. recent d. last7b點撥：考查副詞用法。late"晚；遲到，lately副詞“最近地，recent adj“最近的，last“最后，根據(jù)題意：“你知道他最近為何犯了這么多錯誤?可知應(yīng)選b，而recent為形容詞，此處應(yīng)用recently。 備考8測試考點6 don't .worry about her. her sadness will wit

42、h time going on. a. pass on b. pass down c. pass by d. pass away8d點撥：考查動詞短語辨析。pass on“傳遞，傳下去，pass down“傳下去，pass by“經(jīng)過，pass away“消失。去世，由題 意“她的悲傷會隨著時間的流逝而消失的，你不用擔(dān)憂她。應(yīng)選d。備考9測試考點8 parents should try to create a pleasant atmosphere, where children can live a happy life during their childhood. a. one b. i

43、t c. which d. that9a點撥：考查不定代詞的用法。one用來指代前面提到的a pleasant atmosphere，且作atmosphere的同位語，而thatit表示特指；而one表示泛指。備考10測試語法 when the children heard the funny story given by their father, they couldn't help into laughter. a. burst b. bursting c. to burst d. having burst10b點撥：題意：“當(dāng)孩子們聽到父親講的笑話，他們禁不住笑了起來。can't help doing sth“情不自禁干應(yīng)選b。而can't help do表示“不能幫助干，與句意不符合。備考11高考新題型 information for english learning global english centre * 6-month general english classes in all four skills:listening, speaking, reading, and writing within 1200 y