（整理版高中英語）第二冊Unit19TheMerchantofVenice

1、第二冊unit 19 the merchant of venicei單元知識點(diǎn)坌覽 工欲善其事 必先利其器高考須掌握的詞匯：1denial 2merciful 3reason 4weak 5judge 6greet 7fortunate 8require 9declaration高考須掌握的短語：1back 2on 3about 4as5at 6on 7：up考點(diǎn)過關(guān) 過關(guān)斬將 一馬平川考點(diǎn)詳解 精剖細(xì)解 入巿三分一、重點(diǎn)詞匯1envy vt嫉妒，羨慕eg： what a grand thing it is to be a musician!how i envy you 當(dāng)一名音樂家多偉大啊!

2、我真羨慕你。 i envy you your health我羨慕你的健康。相關(guān)鏈接：envy n羨慕嫉妒用法拓展：envy sbsth嫉妒(羨慕)某人某事 feel envy at對感到嫉妒 how i envy我多么羨慕特別提醒：(1)envy后常接兩個賓語兩個賓語都是直接賓語。(2)envy后不接從句。(3)envy作名詞時，后接介詞at或of。案例剖析 旁征博引 舉一反三考題1 (典型例題-i can't under-stand why they are so unfriendly to me. -oh, out of a. hope b. wish c. envy d. joy

3、考題1點(diǎn)撥：答案為c。這是一道名詞辨析題。根據(jù)“我不明白他們?yōu)槭裁磳ξ胰绱瞬挥押每煽闯觯竺娴拇鹫Z是：噢，出于時你的嫉妒。因此c項(xiàng)正確。 2mercy n仁慈，憐憫，僥幸 eg：they have no mercy on the poor father and daughter 他們不憐憫這對可憐的父女。 the general showed no mercy，and his prisoners were a11 killed 那位將軍沒有仁慈，他所有的犯人都被處死了。 we were at the mercy of the enemy我們的命運(yùn)在敵人的掌握之中。相關(guān)鏈接：merciful a

4、dj仁慈的，寬大的 用法拓展-beg for mercy懇求/請求寬恕have mercy on/upon對表示憐憫 show mercy to對表示憐憫 at the mercy of sb=at one's mercy在某人或某事的支配或擺布之下 without mercy殘忍地，毫不容情地特別提醒：mercy一般用作不可數(shù)名詞，前無冠詞a?？碱}2 (典型例題 分) the days when we were the foreigners have gone for ever. a. at the mercy of b. taking our fate lying down c.

5、without mercy d. going down on our knees考題2點(diǎn)撥：答案為a。atthe mercy of在的擺布下；take one's fate lying down甘受的命運(yùn)；without mercy毫不憐憫；go down on one's knees下跪。b、c、d三個選項(xiàng)后不能再接賓語，應(yīng)選a。句意為：“我們受外國人擺布的日子一去不復(fù)返了。3order vt命令，下令 eg：the policeman ordered the drunken man to ieave the shop警察命令那個醉漢離開商店。 the king ordere

6、d that the man(should)be released國王下令釋放那個人。相關(guān)鏈接：order n命令用法拓展：order sbto do sth命令某人做某事 orde rthat sb(should)do命令某人做 order sbaway命令某人走開 in order整齊，有條理place an order for sth訂購特別提醒：order后接that從句時，從句中的謂語動詞用should+動詞原形，should可以省略。考題3 (典型例題)the judge or- dered that the prisoner a. should remand b. be rema

7、nded c. could remand d. could be remanded考題3點(diǎn)撥：答案為b。order后接從句時，用should+動詞原形，should可省略。句意為：“法官下令將犯人還押候?qū)彙he prisoner 與remand之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)選b。 二、重點(diǎn)短語4pay back歸還，報(bào)答報(bào)復(fù)eg：i patd back the money to jack我把錢還給了杰克。 he pald me back the 100 doliars he owed me他把欠我的一百美元還給我了。用法拓展：pay for付錢買某物(for為介詞)pay sbfor sth為給某人報(bào)酬

8、 pay off還清債務(wù)(off為副詞)特別提醒：pay back短語中back為副詞，代詞作賓語時應(yīng)放在中間。考題4 (典型例題)after three years of hard work, they had at last paid all the money they had bor-rowed. a. for b. out c. in d. back考題4點(diǎn)撥：答案為d。從they had borrowed和all the money-a/-4n,，意為“歸還。應(yīng)選d。句意為：“經(jīng)過了三年的努力工作，他們終于歸還了他們借的所有的錢。 5on one condilion在某一條件下 e

9、g：you can borrow my dictionary on one condition you mustn't lend it to others你可以借我的字典，但有一個條件，你不能借給別人。用法拓展：on this/that condition在這個/那個/條件下 on condi。tlon that條件是，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句on no condition決不要in condition健康狀況良好 out of conditlon健康狀況不好 in good condition完好無損 underconditions在條件下特別提醒：on condi。tlon that66條

10、件是，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，相當(dāng)于一個連詞。考題5 (典型例題)i will come to your birthday party john is invi-ted too. a. so that b. except that c. on condition that d. in that考題5點(diǎn)手心：答案為c。根據(jù)題意：“我可以參加你的生日晚會，條件是也邀請約翰。可知兩句之間存在一個務(wù)件關(guān)系。故用c。on condition that“條件是，只要。6tear up撕碎，扯碎，取消(合同) eg：after reflding the letterhe tore it up看完信后，他就把它撕了

11、。 they tore up the agreement without any reason他們無緣無故地取消了那份協(xié)議。相關(guān)鏈接：tearn眼淚用法拓展：in tears流著淚，含著淚 burst into tears突然哭起來tear off扒掉 tear to pieces把撕碎tearopen把撕開tear down拆毀，撤除 tear at撕，扒(表動作，不表結(jié)果)特別提醒：tear當(dāng)動詞用，讀，過去式為tore，過去分詞為torn；當(dāng)名詞用，為可數(shù)名詞，讀 ?？碱}6 ( 典型例題 分 )-do you have the receipt, madam? no, im afraid

12、ive a. torn it off b. torn it down c. torn it up d. torn it away題6點(diǎn)撥：答案為c。根據(jù)答語no，可知“收據(jù)沒有保存下，恐怕已經(jīng)撕碎。tear off“扒掉?；tear down“撤除，摧毀，tear away “使不忍舍去;而tear up"撕碎，扯碎。應(yīng)選c。句意為：“太太，你有收據(jù)嗎?“沒有了，恐怕我已撕碎了。三、重點(diǎn)交際用語7as far as直到，遠(yuǎn)到，就而言用法拓展：(1)到達(dá)某一指定地點(diǎn)，遠(yuǎn)達(dá)eg： he walked as far as the post office他一直步行到郵局。 ill see y

13、ou off as far as the airport我將一直送你到機(jī)場。 (2)同樣的距離eg：we didn't go as far as others我們沒有別人走的那么遠(yuǎn)。 (3)(程度、范圍)就而言，至于eg： ill help you as far as i can我將盡我所能幫助你。 as far as i know，he is very honest就我所知，他很老實(shí)。 as far as he is concerned，he can't afford silch an expensive car 就他而言，他買不起這么貴的汽車。特別提醒：as far as當(dāng)

14、表示程度、范圍時，意思是“就而言，至于，as far as也可用so far as常用句型as/so far as i know/see/altt concerned“就我所知。考題7 (典型例題 1 分)-how far apart do they live? i know, they live in the same neighborhood. a. as long as b. as far as c. as well as d. as often as考題7點(diǎn)撥：答案為b。根據(jù)題意“就我所知，他們住在同一社區(qū)，“就所知用as/so far asknow。應(yīng)選b。as long as&qu

15、ot;只要，as often as“經(jīng)帶，as well as"既又，如同一樣好與題意不符。四、重點(diǎn)句型8but i never knew so young a body with so wise a head，但是我從來不知道有這么年輕又這么聰明的人。 so+adj+a(an)+n表示程度，譯為“這么/這樣的eg： you have made so serious a mistake你犯了一個這樣嚴(yán)重的錯誤。 russlan is so difficuit a language for us to learn俄語對我們來說是一門這么難學(xué)的語言。用法拓展：so+adj+a(an)+n

16、too+adj+a(an)+n such+a(an)+adj+n how+adj+a(an)+n as+adj+a(an)+n+as特別提醒：上面這些結(jié)構(gòu)中的名詞一定是單數(shù)形式，因?yàn)檫@些結(jié)構(gòu)中有不定冠詞 a(an)，否那么就不能使用這些句子結(jié)構(gòu)?？碱}8 (典型例題分)-the weath-er isn't good enough for an outing, is it?not in the least. we can't have at this time of the year. a. a worse day b. a nicer day c. such bad a day

17、 d. so fine a day考題8點(diǎn)撥：答案為a。c項(xiàng)表達(dá)就是錯誤的，應(yīng)該用、so bad a day或such a bad day。a、b、d三項(xiàng)搭配正確，但邏輯上只有a項(xiàng)成立。根據(jù)not in the least(一點(diǎn)也不)可知,：天氣絕對不適合外出郊游，我們不可能在一年當(dāng)中的這個時節(jié)遇上比這更糟的天氣了。五、詞語辨析 9hope，wish (1)hope用作動詞時，后面可接不定式或that從句，但不能接“賓語+不定式。 (2)wish后面接不定式或“賓語+不定式都可以，其意義相當(dāng)于“想要，希望 (一would like或want)。wish接that從句時一般表示某種強(qiáng)烈而又難以實(shí)

18、現(xiàn)的“愿望，而hope表示的是可以實(shí)現(xiàn)或能到達(dá)的“希望。 (3)wish可表示良好的“祝福，后面接“賓語+賓補(bǔ)(形容詞或名詞)，而hope不能這樣用。 eg：we hope to see you again一we hope'we can see you agam我希望再次見到你。 i hope you can help me with my maths希望你能幫助我學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)。 (不能說：i hope you to help me with my maths) 1 wish him to make progress 我希望他取得進(jìn)步。 i wish i conld fly like a b

19、ird但愿我能像鳥一樣飛。(從句中的coilld表示其動 作不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)，不能用can。) i hope he can do that我希望他會干那件事。(此句中can不能用could。) i wish you happy祝你幸福。 i wish you a pleasant journey祝你旅途愉快。特別提醒：(1)wish后的從句常用虛擬語氣。 (2)在簡略句中，如要表示希望某事不會發(fā)生時，應(yīng)說1 hope not。而不說i don't hope so；假設(shè)表示希望某事會發(fā)生時，用i hope so。 (3)hope后不接復(fù)合賓語，即hope sbto do sth不正確。考題9(

20、 典型例題分 ) we each other the best luck in the job inter-view. a. hoped b. wanted c. expected d. wished考題9點(diǎn)撥：答案為d。此題考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)題意：“我們互相祝福對方工作面試時好運(yùn)。表示祝愿時用wish sbsth結(jié)構(gòu)。語法歸納 精通規(guī)那么 游刃有余直接引語與間接引語已在第一冊第十講詳細(xì)講過。在此不再贅述。專題探究：專題詳解：“查讀(skimming)是做閱讀理解題的重要方法之一。正確使用“查讀可以提高閱讀速度和解題的正確率。 所謂“查讀即邊讀邊查。光讀不查沒有目的性,光查不讀失去根底。“查讀

21、一般分三個步驟：查前讀、查中讀、查后讀?！安榍白x實(shí)際上是“速讀(scanning)過程。一般不超過2分鐘其目的是通過快速閱讀了解根本信息形成總體印象，我們稱之為“泛讀?！安橹凶x是在上一步的根底上帶著問題仔細(xì)閱讀，時間大約4分鐘。這一步要求同學(xué)們無關(guān)信息可不讀，相關(guān)信息仔細(xì)讀，不放過任何一個細(xì)節(jié)，邊讀邊在文章中做記號然后以問題為中心將相關(guān)信息進(jìn)行分析、整合、評判、形成結(jié)論，我們稱之為“精讀?！安楹笞x是咽為第二步之后對少數(shù)題還不太有把握而采取的補(bǔ)救措施，時間大約1分鐘。這一步有兩個目的：一是檢查，二是再斟酌。要求同學(xué)們動用一切手段包括已學(xué)的知識、經(jīng)驗(yàn)對相關(guān)信息再分析、再推測甚至可以發(fā)揮想像憑直覺再

22、次確認(rèn)答案。因此；我們稱之為“補(bǔ)讀。iv專題探究由點(diǎn)及面 由表及里考題 new york,10 november 5:27 p.m. yesterday. biggest power failure in the city's histo-ry. thousands of people got stuck in lifts. martin saltzman spent three hours between the 21st and 22nd floors of the empire state building. "there were twelve of us. but

23、no one pan ickd. we passed the time telling stories and playinh word games. one man wanted to smoke but we didn't let him. firemen finally got us out. " "it was the best night we've ever had,"said angela carmro,who runs. an italian restau-rant on 42nd street. "we had lots

24、 of candles on the tables and the waiters were carrying can-dies on their trays. the place was full-and all night, in fact, for after we had closed, we let the people stay on and spend the ninght, here. " the zoos had their problems like everyone else. keepers worked through the night. they use

25、d blankets to keep flying squirrels and small monkeys warm. while zoos had problems keeping warm, supermarkets had problems keeping cool. "all of our icecream and frozen foods mehed,"said the manager of a store in downtown manhattan. "they were worth $ 50,000. " the big electric

26、clock in the lobby of the waldorf-astoria hotel in downtown manhattan started ticking(滴答)again at 5:25 this morning. it was almost on time. (1)throughout the period of darkness, martin saltzman and the eleven others were a. nervous b. excited c. calm d. frightened (2)in what way was the night of nov

27、ember 10 the best night for angela carmro? a. he had a taste of adventure. b. burning candles brightened the place. c. business was better than usual. d. many people stayed the night in her restaurant.考題點(diǎn)撥：答案為(1)c(2)c在“查前讀這個環(huán)節(jié)里，我們應(yīng)從整體入手抓住如下信息：(1)主題biggest power failure；(2)people stuck in lifts的反響：(3

28、)餐館的反響；(4)動物團(tuán)和超市的反響；(5)大鐘于5：25 this morning開始走動。在“查中讀這一環(huán)節(jié)里， 針時第(1)題，我們要認(rèn)真讀第2段。既然四個選項(xiàng)都是表示心態(tài)的，而文中有no one panickedpassed the time telling stories and playing word games等文字，顯然答案只有c。針對第2題，我們要認(rèn)真讀第3段。文章一開始說“it was the best night we've ever had哪里能反響出best night呢?“the place was fulland all night就是最好的表達(dá)。其實(shí)

29、該題只要利用常識不看文章也能做出準(zhǔn)確的判斷，businessman在乎的當(dāng)然是business better。v考題類型一網(wǎng)打盡 驀然回首 燈火闌珊回憶1 測試考點(diǎn) 7 (典型例題)_ _i can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger. a. as long as b. as far as c. just as d. even if1b點(diǎn)撥：此題考查連接詞的用法。as far as表示“遠(yuǎn)到；就某種程度或范圍而言，常構(gòu)成as far as i know“就我所知，as far as i can see

30、“我認(rèn)為sas long as表示條件，“只要；just as“正當(dāng)時；even if“即使。句意為：“在我看來，只有一種可行的方法來躲避這次危險(xiǎn)。回憶2 測試考點(diǎn)8 (典型例題)john is the tallest boy in the.class, according to himself.a. five foot eight as tall as b. as tall as five foot eight c. as five foot eight tall as d. as tall five foot eight as2b點(diǎn)撥：five foot eight五英尺八英寸，放在as

31、tall as后表示個子的高度。高考題預(yù)測 高瞻遠(yuǎn)矚 占盡先機(jī)一、考情預(yù)測 年考情預(yù)測預(yù)測1：seem的用法 預(yù)測根據(jù)：seem是一個重點(diǎn)單詞，用法上句式上都很靈活，尤其是seem后接不定式時，注意不定式的時態(tài)。常用結(jié)構(gòu)有： seem to do sth似乎要干某事；seem to be doing似乎正在做某事；seem to have done sth似乎已做某事；it seems that看上去好似。預(yù)測2：way構(gòu)成的搭配 預(yù)測根據(jù)：way構(gòu)成的常用詞組有：in a way在某種程度上稍稍；in the/one's way擋道礙事；on the way在途中接近by the w

32、ay順便問/說一下；in no way決不；in any way在任何方面；the way of doing sth/to do sth做某事的方法。way后接定語從句時可用that或in which，也可以省略。這些都是高考對way構(gòu)成的結(jié)構(gòu)中要求掌握的內(nèi)容。 預(yù)測3be of的用法 預(yù)測根據(jù)：be of句式中的of表示“屬于具有的性質(zhì)。這是一個非常有用和重要的句型，在歷年的高考題中都有所表達(dá)，應(yīng)引起考生足夠的重視。預(yù)測4：catch的用法 預(yù)測根據(jù)：catch在高考考綱中是一個重點(diǎn)詞匯，且搭配相當(dāng)靈活，是高考考查動詞的一個重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容。預(yù)測5：話題預(yù)測 本單元的中心話題是“莎士比亞與他的戲劇。

33、內(nèi)容涉及?莎士比亞、“威尼斯商人、“亨利四世、“哈姆雷特、“羅密歐與朱麗葉、“特洛伊羅斯與克瑞西達(dá)等。語言技能和語言知識都是依據(jù)“莎士比亞與他的戲劇這一中心話題而設(shè)計(jì)的。高考與之相關(guān)的話題會在閱讀當(dāng)中出現(xiàn)以表達(dá)的文體介紹歐洲文藝復(fù)興時期的人文主義的某個方面，然后依據(jù)所給文字進(jìn)行設(shè)題，因此了解本單元的話題內(nèi)容及背景對理解文章是大有裨益的。二、考題預(yù)測備考1測試考點(diǎn) 1 the smiths bought a new car, which was the of their neighbours.a. envy b. admire c. respect d. proud1a點(diǎn)撥：題意：“史密斯一家買

34、了一輛新車，成為了鄰居們的羨慕之物。envy用作名詞，表示“所羨慕之物。admire“羨慕，欽佩，不作名詞用。備考2測試考點(diǎn) 2 finally we couldn't help mercy the beggar. a. show; to b. showing; to c. have; on d. have; to2b點(diǎn)撥：couldn't help doing“情不自禁干某事；show metcy to“對仁慈/寬容。應(yīng)選b。備考3測試考點(diǎn) 3 we have received an order that all the students and teachers to th

35、e playground a. will come b. would come c. should come d. came3c點(diǎn)撥：此題考查order后從句用虛擬語氣即用should+動詞原形。 備考4測試考點(diǎn)4 i have for the trick he played on me, a. paid him back b. picked him up c. seen him off d. looked him down4a點(diǎn)撥：題意“我因他對我耍詭計(jì)而報(bào)復(fù)了他。pay back“歸還，報(bào)復(fù)；pick up“撿起，接某人；see off“送行; look down“輕視，看不起。應(yīng)選a。

36、備考5測試考點(diǎn)5 she will join us one condition that we divided all the profits equally. a. in b. for c. on d. to5c 點(diǎn)撥：此題考查短語on one condition“在條件下。備考6測試考點(diǎn)6 when he saw his father" his paper plane,he burst into a. tore up; tear b. tear up; tears c. torn down; tears d. tore off; tears6b點(diǎn)撥：題意“當(dāng)他看到他父親撕毀他的紙

37、飛機(jī)時，他突然大哭起來。tear up“撕碎、取消；burst into tears“突然哭起來。備考7測試考點(diǎn)7 - what do you think ,of jack? - i know,he is a man to trust. a. as long as b. as far as c. even if d. as much as7b點(diǎn)撥：此題考查as/so far as i know“就我所知，其他三項(xiàng)不符合題意。備考8測試考點(diǎn)8 it is for me to settle. a. a too difficult problem b. too difficult a problem c. as difficult a problem as d. too a difficu.lt problem8b點(diǎn)撥：此題考查too+adj+a(an)+n這一結(jié)構(gòu)。 備考9高考新題型：閱讀填空 i hate the untidy dining