新標準大學英語

1、講課人Why Chinese Is So Why Chinese Is So Damn Hard Damn Hard ？Lessons to be learnt課文大意單詞短語句子語法背景知識背景知識善舞紅袖傳飛鴻 莫言深閨空寂寞Because the writing system is Because the writing system is ridiculousridiculousThe most The most fascinatingfascinating scripts in the world. scripts in the world.ButButHard in compari

2、son to Spanish, Greek, Hard in comparison to Spanish, Greek, RussianRussianSpanishGreekRussianAnother AspectAnother Aspectthe simplified the simplified characterscharactersthe traditional the traditional characters.characters.Because the language doesnt have Because the language doesnt have the comm

3、on sense the common sense to use to use an alphabet.an alphabet.The components of Chinese characters are arrayed in two dimensions, rather than in the neat one-dimensional rows of alphabetic writing.Then theres classical ChineseThen theres classical Chinese (wen yan wen) (wen yan wen)Because tonal l

4、anguages are weirdBecause tonal languages are weird? Shuxue ? Shuxue ?mathematicsmathematicsblood blood transfusiontransfusionBecause east is east and west is west, Because east is east and west is west, and the twain have only and the twain have only recently met.recently met.WestWestEastEast課文大意Th

5、is article mainly tells the experience of learning Chinese for foreigners. Main ideaAt the beginning, the author draws the importance of learning Chinese through the perspective of economic trade.And then he mentions that learning Chinese is a hard process.He said the long march is a stroll in the p

6、ark ,compared to what its like to learn Chinese. Learning thousands of characters is a chore. Even using a dictionary has its own set of problems. If you want to know the means of a word you have to spend some time to know the radical of the word. A character can have different meanings according to

7、 the tone used to pronounce.And its easy to get hopelessly wrong. The good news is the grammar is easier than many European languages. The great Olympic champion swimmer Micheal Phelps said Its easier to win eight gold medals at the Olympic Games than it is to learn Chinese. Its no exaggeration.He i

8、s right. 單詞短語thought-provoking t prvok a. interesting in a way that makes you think of new ideas or that changes your attitude to sth. 發(fā)人深思的；引起思考的e.g. 1. Filling out the application was a long thought-provoking process. 填寫申請書是個時間長、費腦筋的過程。2. He has produced a well written and thought-provoking book.

9、他創(chuàng)作出了一本文筆優(yōu)美、發(fā)人深思的書。Word family: provoke v. cause a reaction or feeling, especially a sudden one 激起，引起e.g. The Presidents speech provoked much discussion. 總統(tǒng)的演說引發(fā)了許多議論。 Word formation:- provoking: tending to cause sth. to happen 容易引發(fā)某事的e.g.1. a criticism-provoking proposal 一個容易招致批評的提議 2. a debate-pro

10、voking novel 一本引發(fā)爭論的小說 isolated 【asletd】 a. 1) happening only once, or existing only in one place 個別的；孤立的e. g. This is not an isolated incident.2) feeling alone and unhappy, with no friends to support you 孤單的，孤獨的e. g. Young mothers often feel isolated. 年輕的母親總是感到孤立無援。3) an isolated building, village

11、etc. is far away from any others (建筑、村莊等)孤零零的，偏僻的e.g. Not many people visit this isolated spot. 來這個偏遠地區(qū)的人不多。Word family: isolate v. isolation n. 近義詞匯；近義詞匯；isolatedSolitary s:lteri adj. being alone;single;lonesome獨自的，獨立的獨自的，獨立的; 單個的單個的; 唯一的唯一的; 隱居的隱居的; lonely lonliadj. unhappy because of being alone

12、or without friends；寂寞的寂寞的; 孤獨的，孤單的孤獨的，孤單的; 荒涼的，幽荒涼的，幽靜的靜的; 在孤單中度過的在孤單中度過的; alone lonadj. apart from other persons or things;單獨的單獨的; 獨一獨一無二的無二的; 獨自的獨自的; solo soloadj. done by a single person;without a companion or partner；獨奏的獨奏的; 獨唱的獨唱的; 單獨的單獨的; 獨自地獨自地; e.g.I am a solitary person - 我是獨身主義者.I am isola

13、ted - 我被隔離.I am lonely - 我很孤獨.I am alone - 我是獨身./ 只有我一個人.Its my solo action - 這是我的個人行為.其中表示孤獨的只有solitary和lonely.不過solitary作為形容詞只能修飾名詞,沒有I am solitary的說法.be twinned withset up a special relationship between two towns or organizations in different countriesTranslate the following sentence.Paris is twi

14、nned with Beijing.巴黎和北京結成姊妹城市。巴黎和北京結成姊妹城市。武漢已經和武漢已經和1616座國外城市結成了友好城市。座國外城市結成了友好城市。Wuhan has been twinned with 16 foreign pare toexamine people or things to see how they are alike and how they are differentTranslate the following sentence into Chinses.When you are completely alone, there is no one to

15、 compare to.當你完全獨自一人時，就不再有東西可以對比。當你完全獨自一人時，就不再有東西可以對比。How does the China earthquake compare to other recent disasters? 中國地震和近期其他地震的對比如何？中國地震和近期其他地震的對比如何？compare to & compare withTranslate the following sentences into Chinese and find differences between compare to and compare with.1. Poets have

16、compared sleep to death.2. He can not compare with Shakespeare as a writer of tragedies. 詩人把睡眠比作死亡。詩人把睡眠比作死亡。在悲劇寫作方面他根本不能與莎士比亞相比。在悲劇寫作方面他根本不能與莎士比亞相比。compare to: show the likeness between sb./sth. and sb./ sth. elsecompare with: be worthy to be compared with sb. or sth.vary from to change, especially

17、 according to some factorTranslate the following sentences. 1.Prices vary from one shop to another.各家商店價格不同。各家商店價格不同。2.我們的風俗習慣各不相同我們的風俗習慣各不相同。Our customs vary from place to place.3.3.對于這件事的看法，因人而異。對于這件事的看法，因人而異。Opinions about this issue vary from person to person. We can use these phrases in our wri

18、ting.vary from to vary from person to person vary from country to country vary from unit to unit vary from case to case vary from place to place 因人而異 ; 在人與人不同 ; 對不同人因國情而異 各不相同 ; 單位各不相同因事而異因地而異句子語法First of all, learning thousands of characters is achore, and theres nothing for it but to learn them by

19、 heart. (Para 7)首先，學習幾千個漢字就是一件苦差事，除了把它們牢記在心之外，沒有別的辦法。Difficult sentence 1There + be + nothing for it but can be used before a noun clause to emphasize that this is the only possible choice or course of action. Note that the expression is followed by the infinitive form of a verb.可以用一個名詞性從句的強調，這是唯一可能

20、的選擇或做法。注意表達式后跟一個動詞不定式的形式?！皌here + be + nothing for it but ” 除了除了之外，別無他法之外，別無他法;唯一的方法是唯一的方法是First of all, learning thousands of characters is achore, and the only way is to learn them by heart. First of all, learning thousands of characters is achore, and theres nothing for it but to learn them by he

21、art.Please rewrite these sentences using there + be + nothing for it but 1. I failed the exam, and my teacher says that its necessary for me to take it again.I failed the exam, and my teacher says that theres nothing for it but to take it again.2.My computer crashed and I lost my essay, so I wrote i

22、t again.My computer crashed and I lost my essay, so there was nothing for it but to write it again.You can turn to page 140 and practice other questions.2. It takes a lot of patience, it can be very disappointing, and my disgraceful strike rate is scarcely 20 characters an hour. (Para 7)這個過程需要很大的耐心，

23、會讓人灰心喪氣。說起來很丟人，我自己查漢字的速度每小時還不到20個字。Difficult sentence 2The expression strike rate is one of the statistics used in the sport cricket, which refers to the number of runs scored per 100 balls faced. Here it is used metaphorically to mean success rate. (一種用于體育板球統(tǒng)計，指數每100個球面對得分。這里是用來比喻成功率)Difficult sent

24、ence 3Language experts estimate that you “only” need to learn about 5,000 characters to be literate. (I just love that “only”) they.(P8)The expression is used sarcastically (諷刺地)of anything one wants to scream about. Here it is the implication in only that learning 5,000 characters is a simple task.

25、據語言專家估計，你“只”需要掌握5,000 個漢字就能讀寫漢語了（我太喜歡這個“只”字了）。Difficult sentence 4So you do the maths. (Para 9)The expression “do the math” here means to work it out.要花多少時間，你自己算吧。.That was a month ago, so you can do the math. 這是一個月前, 所以你可以算一算.Difficult sentence 5Well, I suppose so, but only if I was shortsighted, dyslexic or, possibly, drunk. But to please my teacher I said, yes I can see the roof, just a bit of a blue, thats all.(P15)shortsighted : lacking foresight or scope;This expression only if used humo