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IP屬地：天津 上傳時間：2021-12-24 格式：DOC 頁數(shù)：34 大小：472.50KB 積分：30 舉報 版權(quán)申訴

1、數(shù)組的引用:#in clude<stdio.h>void main (int argc,char *argv) int x5 = 2,3,1,4,6 ;int i;for (i = 0; i < 5; i+)printf("%dn", 2 * xi);一維數(shù)組的遍歷:#in clude<stdio.h>void main (i nt argc, char *argv)int x5 = 1,2,3,4,5 ;int i = 0;for (i = 0; i < 5; i+)prin tf("x%d:%dn", i, xi)

2、;一維數(shù)組的最值:#include <stdio.h>int main( int argc, char * argv ) int x5 = 1,2,3,4,5 ;int nMax = x0;int i = 0;for (i = 1; i < 5; i+)if (xi > nMax)printf( "max:%dn", nMax);return 0;一維數(shù)組排序：#include <stdio.h>void main( int argc, char * argv ) int arr5 = 9, 8, 3, 5, 2 ;int temp =

3、0;int i, j;printf（"冒泡排序前：n"）;for (i = 0; i< 5; i+)printf( "%d ", arri);printf( " n");for (i = 0; i < 5-1; i+)for (j = 0; j < 5 - 1 - i; j+)if (arrj > arrj + 1) temp = arrj;arrj = arrj + 1;arrj + 1 = temp;pri ntf("冒泡排序后：n"）;for (i =0; i < 5; i+)p

4、ri ntf("%d " , arri);printf( "n");二維數(shù)組的遍歷#include <stdio.h>void main()/聲明并初始化數(shù)組int array34 = 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12 ;for ( int i = 0; i < 3; i+)/ 循環(huán)遍歷行for ( int j = 0; j < 4; j+)/ 循環(huán)遍歷列printf( "n" ); /每一行的末尾添加換行符二維數(shù)組應用#i nclude <stdio.h>void main(

5、int argc, char * argv ) int StuScore53 = /張同學88,70,90,/王同學80,80,60,/李同學89,60,85,/趙同學80,75,78,/周同學70,80,80,；int m = 0, n = 0;int nStuTotalScore;int nMathTotalScore = 0;int nChineseTotalScore = 0; int nEnglishTotalScore = 0; printf("個人總成績：n");for (m = 0; m < 5; m+)n StuTotalScore = 0;for

6、(n = 0; n < 3; n+)n StuTotalScore += StuScorem n;switch (n)case 1: n Chi neseTotalScore += StuScorem1; break;case 2:nEn glishTotalScore += StuScorem2;switch （m）case 0:printf（"張同學：dn", nStuTotalScore）; break;case 1:pri ntf（"王同學：%dn", n StuTotalScore）; break;case 2:pri ntf（"

7、;李同學：%dn", n StuTotalScore）; break;case 3:pri ntf（"趙同學：%dn", n StuTotalScore）; break;case 4:pri ntf（"周同學：%dn", n StuTotalScore）; break;pri ntf("小組數(shù)學總分：%d小組數(shù)學平均分：%.2fn",nM athTotalScore,（double ）nMathTotalScore / 5）;pri ntf("小組語文總分：%d小組語文平均分：%.2fn",nChines

8、eTotalScore, （double ）nChineseTotalScore / 5）;printf("小組英語總分：d小組英語平均分：%.2fn"nEn glishTotalScore, (double) nEn glishTotalScore / 5);'無參函數(shù)#i nclude <stdio.h>void func()pri ntf("這是我的第一個函數(shù)！n ”)；void main()fun c();有參函數(shù)調(diào)用無參函數(shù)#i nclude <stdio.h>void func( int x, int y)int sum

9、 = x + y;printf( "x+y=%dn", sum);void main()fun c(3, 5);函數(shù)調(diào)用及返回過程#include <stdio.h>int func( int x, int y)return x + y;void main()int sum = func(3, 5);printf( "x+y=%dn", sum);Printf 函數(shù)#include <stdio.h>void main()printf( "%c %c", 'H' , 'n');p

10、ri ntf("%s", "Hellow,world!n" );pri ntf("%d %d %d n" ,1,2, 3);pri ntf("%f %f %f n",2.1, 2.2);Scanf函數(shù)#include <stdio.h>void main()char str256;/字符數(shù)組保存得到的字符串scanf( "%s", str);printf( "%sn" , str);嵌套函數(shù)#include <stdio.h>int max2( int

11、 a, int b)/用于比較兩個整數(shù)大小的函數(shù)if ( a > b)return a;elsereturn b;int max4( int a, int b, int c, int d) /用于比較四個整數(shù)大小的函數(shù) int res;res = max2( a,b);res = max2(res,c);res = max2(res,d);return res;void main()int a = 5, b = 7, c = 9, d = 22, max;printf("請輸入四個整數(shù)：5 7 9 22 n");/seanf("%d %d %d %d&quo

12、t;, a=5, b=7, c=9, d=22);max = max4(a, b, e, d);printf( "max=%d n", max);遞歸調(diào)用#include <stdio.h>/下面的函數(shù)使用遞歸實現(xiàn)，求1n的和int getsum( int n)if ( n = 1)return 1;/滿足條件，遞歸結(jié)束int temp = getsum( n - 1);/在函數(shù)體中調(diào)用自身return temp + n;void main()int sum = getsum(4); /調(diào)用遞歸函數(shù)，獲得 14的和 printf( "sum=%dn&q

13、uot;, sum); / 打印結(jié)果外部函數(shù) 建立源文件first.cint add( int x, int y)return x + y;建立源文件sec on d.c#include <stdio.h>extern int add( int x, int y);void main()printf( "%dn", add(1,2); _/注：extern可以省略內(nèi)部函數(shù)用法建立 first.c#inelude <stdio.h> void show()printf( "%sn" , "first.c" );建

14、立 sec on d.c#in clude<stdio.h>staticvoid show()printf( "%sn" , "second.c"); void main()show();全局變量#include <stdio.h>int x = 123;void show() |printf( "show()函數(shù)中，x 的值為：%dn", x);|void main()show();printf( "main()函數(shù)中，x 的值為：%dn",x);當局部變量與全局變量重名時，全局變量會被屏

15、蔽#include <stdio.h>變量的作用域#inelude <stdio.h>int x = 10; void show() 1int x = 20;printf( "show()函數(shù)中，x 的值為：%dn", x); |void main()int x = 30;pri ntf("main()函數(shù)中，x的值為%dn", x);show(); 1If語句#include <stdio.h>void main()/定義變量xint x = 5;/如果x的值小于10則執(zhí)行if大括號中的代碼if (x < 10

16、)x+;printf( "x=%dn", x); lf.else 語句#include <stdio.h>void main()int num = 19;if (num % 2 = 0)/判斷條件成立，num被2整除 printf( "num是一個偶數(shù) n");elseprintf("num是一個奇數(shù) n");lf.else if.else語句#include <stdio.h>void main()irit grade = 75;/定義學生成績if(grade >= 80)/滿足條件grsde >

17、= 80printf("該成績的等級為優(yōu)n");else if (grade >= 70)/不滿足條件grade >=80,但滿足條件grade>=70 printf("該成績等級為良n");else if (grade >= 60)/不滿足條件grade >=70,但滿足條件grade >=60 printf("該成績等級為中n");else/不滿足條件grade >=60 printf（"該成績的等級為差n"）;三元運算符#include <stdio.h>

18、void main()int x = 0;int y = 1;int max;max = x > y ? x : y; printf( "max = %dn");Switch語句#include <stdio.h>void main（）int week = 5;switch （week）case 1:printf（"星期一 n"）;break;case 2:printf（"星期二 n"）; break;case 3:printf（"星期三 n"）; break;case 4:printf（&quo

19、t;星期四 n"）; break;case 5:printf（"星期五 n"）; break;case 6:printf（"星期六 n"）; break;case 7:printf（"星期日 n"）;break;default :printf("輸入的數(shù)字不正確.n");break;則該執(zhí)行語句只需書寫一一在使用switch語句過程中，如果多個case條件后面的執(zhí)行語句是一樣的, 次即可#include <stdio.h>void main()int week = 2;switch (week

20、)case 1:/當week滿足值1、2、3、4、5中任意一個時，處理方式相同 printf（"今天是工作日n"）;break;case 6:case 7:/當week滿足值6、7中任意一個時，處理方式相同 printf（"今天是休息日n"）;break;While循環(huán)語句#include <stdio.h> void main()int x = 1; while (x <= 4)printf( "x = %dn" , x); / 條件成立，打印x的值x+;/x進行自增Do-while循環(huán)語句#include <

21、;stdio.h>void main()int x = 1;/定義變量x，初始值為1doprintf("x=%dn", x）; /條件成立，打印x的值x+;x進行自增 while (x <= 4);/ 循環(huán)條件For循環(huán)#inelude <stdio.h> void main()int x = 1;/定義變量x，初始值為1doprintf("x=%dn", x); /條件成立，打印x的值x+;/x進行自增 while (x <= 4);/循環(huán)條件Break語句#include <stdio.h>void main

22、()int x = 1;/定義變量x,初始值為1while (x <= 4)/ 循環(huán)條件 |x+;/x進行自增printf( "x=%dn", x);if(x = 3)break;Goto語句#include <stdio.h>int main()int i, j;/定義兩個循環(huán)變量for(i = 1; i <= 9; i+)/夕卜層循環(huán)for (j = 1; j <= i; j+)/內(nèi)層循環(huán)if (i >4)/判斷i的值是否大于4goto end;/跳至標志位end的語句/輸出*prmtf( "*")；printf(

23、 "n" );/ 換行end: return 0;Continue 語句#include <stdio.h>void main()int sum = 0;/定義變量sum,用于記住和for ( int i = 1; i <= 100; i+)if (i % 2 = 0)/如果i是一個偶數(shù)，執(zhí)行if語句中的代碼sum += i;/實現(xiàn)sum和i的累加printf( "sum = %dn" , sum);無符號整數(shù)類型#include <stdio.h>void main()int a = 12345;long b = -234

24、56, suml;unsigned int c = 32800, sum2;suml = b - a;sum2 = c - b;printf( "sum1=%1d,sum2=%un； suml, sum2);Float和double之間的數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換#include <stdio.h>void main()float a;a = 3.141592612;printf( "a=%.9fn" , a);字符型變量#include <stdio.h>void main()char chi = 'A ;char ch2 = 65;printf(

25、 "%cn" , ch1); printf( "%cn" , ch2);#include <stdio.h>void main()轉(zhuǎn)義符的用法charch1='A'charch2='n'charch3='B'charch4=''printf( "%c", ch1);printf( "%c", ch2);printf( "%c", ch3);printf( "%c", ch4); printf( &qu

26、ot;%c", ch2);枚舉類型變量#include <stdio.h>enummonth JAN=1, FEB=2, MAR3, APf=4, MAY=5,JUN=6, JUL=7, AUG8, SEP=9, OCT10,NOVM1,DE(=12;void main()enum month lastm on th, thism on th, n extm on th;lastmo nth = APRthismo nth = MAYn extm onth = JUNpr intf( "%d %d %d n" , lastm on th, thism

27、on th, n extm on th); 在枚舉中規(guī)定，如果不給標識符指定具體值，會默認該標識符的值等于前一標識符的值加一。因此可以快速定義#include <stdio.h>/定義一組常量enum Constants cl, c2, c3 = 4,c4, c5 = 3,c6, c7, c8 = 'O' , c9 ;void main()printf( "c9=%dn", c9);Sizeof運算符#i nclude <stdio.h>void mai n()/通過類型名稱計算各基本數(shù)據(jù)類型所占內(nèi)存大小pr in tf("

28、char: %dn", sizeof(char);pri ntf("short: %dn", sizeof(short);pr in tf("l ong: %dn", sizeof(l on g);prin tf("float: %dn", sizeof(float);SB C:Vi*ind owssystem 32cmd. exec har:1: 2 long： 4 float:4double* S unsigned char： 1 unsigned short: 2 iins ign ed int *4unsigned

29、longr：4ual_int:4u al_doiu.blis« B 請按任意鍵繼續(xù)printf("double: %dn", sizeof(double);pri ntf("u nsig ned char: %dn", sizeof(u nsig ned char); pr in tf("u nsig ned short: %dn", sizeof(u nsig ned short); pr in tf("u nsig ned int: %dn", sizeof(u nsig ned in t);pr i

30、n tf("u nsig ned long: %dn", sizeof(u nsig ned lon g);/通過變量名稱計算變量所屬數(shù)據(jù)類型占用內(nèi)存大小 in t val i nt = 100;double val double = 100000.0;prin tf("val i nt:%dn", sizeof(val i nt);pri ntf("val_double: %dn", sizeof(val_double); _ _指針的取址和取值運算符#include <stdio.h>void main()int nu

31、m = 100;int 類型變量 numpri ntf("num=%dn", num);/ 輸岀變量值pri ntf("#&num = %pn" , &num);/輸出變量的內(nèi)存地址pri ntf("*&num = %dn" , *&num);/通過num地址讀取num中的數(shù)據(jù)指針表達式的自增自減運算#inelude <stdio.h> void main()int arr5 = 1,2,3,4,5 ;int *p1 = &arr0;int *p2 = &arr3;print

32、f( "p1 的值為：%dn" , *p1);printf( "+p1 的值為:%dn" , *(+p1);printf( "p2 的值為：%dn" , *p2);printf( "-p2 的值為:%dn" , *(-p2); 1同類指針相減運算#inelude <stdio.h>void main()int arr5 = 1,2,3,4,5 ；int *p1 = &arr0;int *p2 = &arr3;printf( "p1 的值為：%dn" , p1);pri

33、ntf( "p2 的值為：%dn" , p2);printf( "p1-p2 的值為:%dn" , p2 p1);指針變量的使用#inelude <stdio.h>void main( int arge , char * argv )int nNum = 0x12345678;int * pNum;/定義一個指針變量pNum = &n Num;/為指針變量賦值printf( "nNum Val:%xn" , nNum);printf( "nNum Addr:%pn" , &nNum);p

34、rintf( "pNum Val:%pn" , pNum);printf( "*pNum :%xn" , *pNum);指針變量作為函數(shù)的參數(shù)(作用是將一個變量的地址傳送到另一個函數(shù)中)#include <stdio.h>void main( int arge , char * argv )int nNum = 0x12345678;int * pNum; /定義一個指針變量 pNum = &nNum; /為指針變量賦值 printf( "nNum Val:%xn" , nNum); printf( "n

35、Num Addr:%pn" , &nNum); printf( "pNum Val:%pn" , pNum); printf( "*pNum :%xn" , *pNum);指向一維數(shù)組元素的指針#include <stdlib.h>#include <stdio.h>void main( int argc , char * argv )int X10 = 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 ;int i = 0;int nLen = 10;printf("數(shù)組X修改前：n");for (

36、i = 0; i < 10; i+)printf( "%d ", Xi);/用指針pTemp指向數(shù)組Xint * pTemp = X;/通過指針pTemp訪問數(shù)組中的元素，并修改元素的值for (i = 0; i < nLen; i+)pTempi = pTempi * 2;printf( "n數(shù)組X修改之后：n”)；/通過指針移動來遍歷輸出X數(shù)組中的元素for (i = 0; i < 10; i+)printf( "%d ", *pTemp);pTemp+;printf( "n");指向二維數(shù)組元素的指針

37、#include <stdlib.h>#inelude <stdio.h> void main()int X25 = 1,2,3,4,5 , 6,7,8,9,10 ;/定義數(shù)組指針用于指向二維數(shù)組int (*pXEIement)5 = X;int m = 0;int n = 0;printf("二維數(shù)組元素如下:n");for (m=0; m < 2; m+)printf("第4行的元素如下：n" , m + 1);for (n = 0; n < 5; n+) /通過數(shù)組指針來訪問為數(shù)組中的元素 printf( &qu

38、ot; %d", pXEIeme ntm n);printf( "n");指針數(shù)組的概念#i nclude <stdio.h>/輸出指針數(shù)組中元素的值int print( int * arr ,int n) Jint i = 0;for (i = 0; i< n; i+)printf( "%dn" , * arr i);return 1;void main( int argc , char * argv ) int a, b, c, d, e;a = 1;b = 2;c = 3;d = 4;e = 5;int *Arr = &

39、amp;a, &b, &c, &d, &e ;/ 定義一個 int 類型的指針數(shù)組print(Arr, 5);/ 調(diào)岀 print ()函數(shù)指針數(shù)組作為main ()函數(shù)的形參#in elude <stdlib.h>#in elude <stdio.h>int main( int argc , char * argv )int i = 0;pri ntf（"程序的參數(shù)列表如下：n “）；for (i = 0; i <argc ; i+)printf( "%s “，argv i);return 0;二級指針#in

40、elude <stdlib.h>#i nclude <stdio.h>void main( int argc , char * argv )int m=10;int * |pM = &m;/指針pM存放的是變量m的地址int *ppM = &pM;/二級指針ppM存放的是指針pM的地址pri ntf("m = %dn",m);pri ntf("*pM = %dn",*pM);pri ntf("*pM = %dn",*ppM);Malloc()函數(shù)和free ()函數(shù)#i nclude <s

41、tdio.h>void main()int u, v;/定義二維數(shù)組的長和寬printf("第一維為：")；scanf( "%d", &u);printf("第二維為：")；scanf( "%d", &v);int * array = ( int *)malloc( sizeof (int *)* u);/ 先創(chuàng)建第一維for (int i = 0; i < u; i+)/在內(nèi)層循環(huán)中動態(tài)創(chuàng)建第二維arrayi = (int *)malloc(sizeof (int )*v);for (

42、int j = 0; j<v; j+)arrayij = 0;/給數(shù)組元素復制printf( "%d “，arrayij);字符數(shù)組#in clude <stdio.h>void main()/聲明一個字符數(shù)組并初始化char char_array5 = 'h' , 'e' , 'l''l' , 'o' ;int i;/通過sizeof關(guān)鍵字得到數(shù)組長度，并遍歷打印其內(nèi)容。for (i = 0; i <sizeof (char_array); +i)printf("%c&

43、quot; , char_arrayi);printf( "n");輸出字符串中的字符#i nclude <stdio.h>void main()hellochar char array6 = ( "hello" ); /聲明一個長度為6的字符數(shù)組并初始化為int i;/通過sizeof關(guān)鍵字得到數(shù)組長度fc)r (i = 0; i <sizeof(char_array); +i)F/ 通過 printf輸岀char array中的字符串printf( "char_.array的第 %dn", i, char_arr

44、ayi);獲取用戶輸入字符的長度#defi ne _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS閉安全檢查#include <stdio.h>#include <string.h>void main()char str1024;/聲明一個足夠大的字符型數(shù)組保存將要被輸入的字符串printf("請輸入待測量的字符串:");scanf( "%s", str); /接受用戶輸入字符串 printf("您輸入的字符串長度為 d。n" , strlen(str);空字符 0 '的使用#include <st

45、dio.h>void main()char char_array = 'h' , 'e' , T , T , 'o' , '0' , 'w','o' , 'r' , 'l' , 'd' ;printf "%sn", char_array ;忘記在字符數(shù)組的末尾添加空字符0 '程序也會出現(xiàn)一些奇怪的現(xiàn)象#include <stdio.h>void main()char char_array = 'h&

46、#39; , 'e' , T , T , 'o' ;printf"%sn", char_array ;使用指針修改字符串中的字符#include <stdio.h>int main()char char_array = "hello world!" ;char *ptr;printf("修改前的字符串如下：%sn", char_array);ptr = char_array; /將一個字符型指針指向字符型數(shù)組 char_array 的首地址/開始修改字符串while (*ptr !='

47、;0' )/檢測是否到串未尾if (*ptr ='')*ptr ='!'ptr+;printf("修改后的字符串如下：s n" , char_array);return 0;Gets ()函數(shù)#pragma warning( disable :4996) #inelude <stdio.h> void main()char pho neNumber12;printf（"請輸入手機號碼："）;gets(ph on eNumber);printf("您的手機號碼是：sn" , phone

48、Number);Puts ()#pragma warning( disable :4996) #inelude <stdio.h>void main()char buf12;puts("請輸入一個字符串：");gets(buf);puts("您輸入的是：n");puts(buf);字符串比較#pragma warning( disable :4996)#include <stdio.h>#include <string.h>void main()char username100;/定義存放用戶名的字符數(shù)組char pa

49、ssword100;/定義存放密碼的字符數(shù)組printf("登錄n");printf("請輸入用戶名：");gets(username);/獲取用戶輸入的用戶名printf("請輸入密碼:");gets(password);/獲取用戶輸入的密碼/比較輸入的用戶名和密碼是否正確if (!strcmp(password, "ILoveC" ) && (!strcmp(username, "user")printf("用戶 %s 登錄成功！ n" , user na

50、me);elsen");printf("登陸失敗，請檢查用戶名或密碼是否正確輸入。Strncmp ()函數(shù)#include <string.h>#include <stdio.h>voidmai n()char * str1 ="abcdef"char * str2 ="abcdeg"/判斷字符串str1和str2中的前5個字符是否相同if (!strncmp(str1, str2, 5)printf( "str1 和str2 的前5個字符相同”)；elseprintf( "str1和str

51、2的前5個字符不同”);Strchr ()函數(shù)#include <stdio.h>#inelude <string.h>int getcount( char * str , char c)/存儲找到的字符個數(shù)int count = 0;/存儲當前字符指針在字符串中的位置char * ptr = str ;/獲取第一次出現(xiàn)字符變量c值的指針位置while (ptr = strchr(ptr,c) != NULL+ptr;+cou nt;return count;void main()char str6 ="abaca"char c ='a

52、9;int num = getcount(str, c);printf("字符c在字符串中岀現(xiàn)了 d次。n" , c, num);Strstr ()函數(shù)#pragma warning( disable :4996)#include <stdio.h>#include <string.h>void main()char str10240;/聲明字符串數(shù)組，用于保存段落char word10240;/聲明字符串數(shù)組，用于保存要查找的字符串char * ptr;printf("請輸入要掃描的段落：");gets(str);printf(

53、"請輸入要查找的單詞：“)；gets(word);ptr = strstr(str, word);/搜索是否包含指定的字符串if (ptr = NULLprintf（"段落中不包含單詞 s。n" , word）; else/得到檢測岀的字符串后20個字符if (strlen(ptr) >= 20)printf("單詞岀現(xiàn)在%s附近。n“，ptr);Strcat ()函數(shù)#pragma warning( disable :4996)#include <stdio.h>#include <string.h>void main()

54、/區(qū)號char areaNumber5;/電話號碼char pho neNumber12;int in put;/分機號char extraNumber5;/用來存儲連接后的結(jié)果，需要初始化為0!char buffer25 = 0 ;printf("請輸入?yún)^(qū)號:");gets(areaNumber);printf("請輸入電話號碼:");gets(ph on eNumber);printf("有分機號嗎？ ( y/n)");in put = getchar();/由于getchar ()只讀入一個字符，因此需要調(diào)用fflush來清除輸

55、入緩沖區(qū)的換行符fflush( stdin );if (input ='y')printf("請輸入分機號：“)；gets(extraNumber);strcat(buffer, areaNumber);strcat(buffer,"-");strcat(buffer, pho neNumber);strcat(buffer,"-");strcat(buffer, extraNumber);elsestrcat(buffer, areaNumber);strcat(buffer, "-");strcat(bu

56、ffer, pho neNumber);printf("您的電話號碼是 s。n"buffer);Str neat ()函數(shù)#pragma warning( disable :4996)#include <stdio.h>#include <string.h>void main()char buf130;/聲明字符串數(shù)組，用于保存字符串 bufl.char buf230;/聲明字符串數(shù)組，用于保存字符串 buf2.printf（"請輸入第一個字符串：“）；gets（bufl）;printf（"請輸入第二個字符串：“）；gets(bu

57、f2);/ 使用 strncait（）函數(shù)來對字符串進行拼接strncat(buf1, buf2,sizeof (buf1)-1 - strlen(buf1);printf（"連接后的字符串是 s。n" , bufl）;Atoi ()函數(shù)#pragma warning( disable :4996)#include <stdio.h>#include <stdlib.h>void main()char buf20;int result;printf("請輸入待轉(zhuǎn)換的十進制數(shù)：");gets(buf);result = atoi(buf);printf("轉(zhuǎn)換結(jié)果是 d. n" , result);使用函數(shù)itoa ()將整數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換字符串#pragma warning( disable :4996)#include <stdio.h>#include <stdlib.h>/用于保存八進制的轉(zhuǎn)換結(jié)果char number_820;/用于保存十進制的轉(zhuǎn)換結(jié)果char numb