【2019最新】精選高考英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)保分篇第二講代詞講與練新人教版

1、【 2019 最新】精選高考英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)保分篇第二講代詞講與練新人教版(精選)第一課時(shí)知識(shí)過(guò)關(guān)課1. 表“兩者”和“多者”的代詞都都不任一兩者bothneithereither多者allnoneany(1) 表示否定可說(shuō)not.either/any，但沒(méi)有 either/any.not的說(shuō)法。(2)none 既可指人，也可指物。它強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量，意為“一點(diǎn)也不，一個(gè)也不”，常用于回答how much和 how many開(kāi)頭的問(wèn)句；還可與介詞of 連用。 no one 只能指人 ( nobody) ，不能接 of 短語(yǔ)，常用于回答who開(kāi)頭的問(wèn)句。(3)both/all/every等與 not 連用表示部

2、分否定，意為“并非 都/ 每一”。2. 表“另外的，別的”的代詞單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)泛指anotherothers歡迎下載。特指the otherthe others說(shuō)明可作定語(yǔ)不能作定語(yǔ)(1) 單獨(dú)的 other 只能作定語(yǔ)。(2) 搭配： some.others. 有些 另外一些 ； one.the other. 一 個(gè) ( 特 指 兩 者 中 的 ) 另 一 個(gè) ；one.another.stillanother.一個(gè)另一個(gè)還有一個(gè) ( 列舉，非特指 ) ；for one thing.foranother.一則 ，再則 ( 列出理由) 。(3) 特殊： another 用于“ another 基數(shù)詞

3、 (few) 復(fù)數(shù)名詞”中，與“基數(shù)詞 (some) other/more 復(fù)數(shù)名詞”相當(dāng)。3. 區(qū)分幾個(gè)替代詞(1)it和 that都替代“ the 單數(shù)名詞”，都是特指，都可替代可數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞； 但 it指前面提到的“同一”事物， 而 that是指前面提到的“同類”事物。(2)one 替代“ a單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”，表示泛指；其復(fù)數(shù)形式ones 替代泛指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞。(3)the one是 one 的特指，替代“ the 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”，相當(dāng)于that；其復(fù)數(shù)形式those，替代“the 復(fù)數(shù)名詞”，在口語(yǔ)中也可用 those 修 飾代替。當(dāng)后面有語(yǔ) 時(shí)of 短語(yǔ)時(shí)，多用， 只 能that或 用

4、those ；當(dāng)有前置one(s)。讀語(yǔ)篇，悟語(yǔ)法。反復(fù)朗讀下列短文，領(lǐng)悟畫(huà)線黑體部分的代詞，體會(huì)其意義和在句中作何種成分?！?019最新】精選高考英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)保分篇第二講代詞講與練新人教版1.we 是人稱代詞主格，在本句中作主語(yǔ)。2.each other與 one another兩個(gè)是相互代詞，在句中只能作及物動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語(yǔ)。本句中的each other作介詞 with 的賓語(yǔ)。3.it指天氣。4.all不定代詞，在本句中作主語(yǔ)。5.some.others.是 固 定 句 式 ， 表 示 “ 一 些 人另 一 些人 ”。6.every one 不定代詞，在本句中作主語(yǔ)，注意， every on

5、e 常接 of 短語(yǔ)，但 everyone ( everybody) 不與 of 短語(yǔ)連用。7.nobody ( no one) 表示“沒(méi)有一個(gè)人”，在本句中作主語(yǔ)。若與of 短語(yǔ)連用，則要用none，如 None of them has/have been there.他們中沒(méi)有一個(gè)人去過(guò)那里。8.what 疑問(wèn)代詞，意為“什么”，在賓語(yǔ)從句中作fought for的賓語(yǔ)。9.neither指兩者中的“沒(méi)有一個(gè)”，在本句中作主語(yǔ)。10.the other特指兩者中的“另外一個(gè)”，在本句中作介詞to的賓語(yǔ)。11.it作形式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)是后面的不定式。12.them是人稱代詞的賓格，在句中作

6、賓語(yǔ)。13.ourselves是反身代詞，在本句中作put 的賓語(yǔ)。反身代詞在句中一般作賓語(yǔ)，也可作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)。3/133/1314.both 表示“兩者都”，在本句中作主語(yǔ)。15.it用于構(gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)，it was not until.that.意為“直到 才 ”。16.it作形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是后面的不定式。17.those表示“那些人”，相當(dāng)于 those people。. 單句填空 ( 請(qǐng)?jiān)诳崭裉幪钊?1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)拇~ )1.At our factory there are a few machines similar to thosedescribed in this mag

7、azine.2.The traffic on the main streetshas a longergreen signalthanthat on the small ones.3.I ve lived in New York and Chicago, but dont like eitherof them very much.4.It s an eitheror situationwe can buy a new carthisyearor we can go on holiday but we cant do both.5.Nobody can be good at something

8、for 40 years if he doesntlove it.6.Thisprojectrequirescloseteamwork.Nothingwillbeachieved unless we work well together.7.If youre buying todays paper from the stand ，could youget one for me?8.Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him, but neither of them wants to, because they have some w

9、ork to do.【2019最新】精選高考英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)保分篇第二講代詞講與練新人教版9.We have varioussummercamps for your holidays.You can chooseone based on your own interest.10.To stay awake, he finished acup ofcoffee and orderedanother.11.The two girlsare so alikethatstrangers finditdifficultto tell one from the other.12.We feel it our du

10、ty to make our country a better place.13.I smiled a big smile and it worked a little, really.14.Ipatientlywalked to thelibrary,tookmy seatand did somedeep breathing to help relax myself.15.Atthat momentan attractiveyoung lady,who noticedmy book,came to to me and introduced herself. . 單句改錯(cuò) ( 下列每句中有一處

11、錯(cuò)誤， 每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改，請(qǐng)指出并改正。 )1.The doctor advised Vera strongly to take a holiday, but hedidn t help.heit2.The chairman thoughtthat necessary toinviteProfessorSmithto speak at the meeting.thatit3.The book is ofgreatvalue.Everythingcan be enjoyedunlessyou digest it.EverythingNothing4.If our pare

12、ntsdo ever ythingfor us children,we wontlearnto depend on us.第二個(gè) usourselves5/135/135.Those who smoke heavilyshould remind them of health,the badsmell and the feelings of other people.themthemselves6.The film that I saw it yesterday is interesting.去掉 it7.With Mr. Smith to teach our English,our spoke

13、n Englishwillbe improved.ourus8.I think the dog owners should be aware that his dogs havecaused damage to the environment.histheir9.On hearing this, the young man immediately threw the cigarettes face turned red and she into the dustbin in thebus.she he10.Myteachersoftenencouragewe totakeafter class

14、activities.weus11.A man came in and asked who was the monitor of our class.I told him that myself was monitor.在 myself 前加 I12.We canpracticeusingEnglishidiomsinyourdiarywriting.yourour. 語(yǔ)篇填空 ( 在空格處填入 1 個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~ )An old man and his son were taking a donkey to the market.The man rode the donkey and the

15、son walked behind 1._.A man saw them and asked the son why 2._wasnt ridingman saw them and told 5._ that they should 6._【2019最新】精選高考英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)保分篇第二講代詞講與練新人教版ride the donkey. So 7._ both got on it. A woman who sawthem said ，“Tell8._， why are you both ridingthatpooranimal ？cruel ！” Then, the father and son

16、got off the donkey and started carrying it across a bridge. Whenthey were halfway across the bridge, the donkey struggled loose and fell into the river.【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】這是一則寓言故事， 講述的是沒(méi)有主見(jiàn)的父子二人騎驢去趕集的故事。1.it 指代前面的 the donkey 。2.he 指代前面的 the son，在賓語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，用主格。 3.him 指 his son ，作 let的賓語(yǔ)，用賓格。 4.Another 泛指“另一個(gè)”人。 5.

17、them 指代 the father和 his son ，作 told的賓語(yǔ)。 6.both 作主語(yǔ) they 的同位語(yǔ)，指這對(duì)父子“兩人都”應(yīng)騎在驢背上。 7.they 指代 the father和 his son ，作主語(yǔ)。 8.me 與后面的 you( 你) 相對(duì)，應(yīng)是 me(我) 。9.It 指前面的 that poor animal 。 10.You 由前面的 you both 可知。 第二課時(shí) 高考研究課代詞在語(yǔ)法填空中的考查點(diǎn)規(guī)律方法7/137/131. 人稱代詞位置決定形式：主語(yǔ)處主格；賓語(yǔ)處賓格；名詞前形容詞性物主代詞2. 不定代詞位置：主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)處；推敲語(yǔ)境，搞清被指代名詞

18、的特點(diǎn)；搜索詞匯，從常見(jiàn)的不定代詞中找出適合語(yǔ)境的最佳答案。真題驗(yàn)證 11.However,the railway quickly proved to be a greatsuccess andwithinsixmonths, more than 25，000 people were using _every day.(2015·全國(guó)卷)答案it 用 it指代前句中的 railway 。2.Pahlsson screamed so loudly that her daughter came runningfrom the house.“She thought I had hurt _

19、(I)，” saysPahlsson.(20 17·浙江卷 )答案myself 根據(jù)前面的主語(yǔ)I可知，此處要用反身代詞作賓語(yǔ)。 3.On my recent visit, I held a lively threemonthold twinthat had been rejected by _(it) mother.(2017·浙江卷)答案its 名詞前應(yīng)該使用形容詞性物主代詞。4. In many ways, the education system in the US is not verydifferentfrom _ in the UK.(2017·浙江卷

20、)【2019最新】精選高考英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)保分篇第二講代詞講與練新人教版答案that 不定代詞代指前面the educationsystem，同名異物，且為特指。 5. Nowitoccurredto _ thathis farm had much potentialand that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.(2015·廣東卷)答案him 介詞后使用賓格。 6.A few hours before, Id been at home in Hong Kong, with_(it) choking smog. (2015·全國(guó)卷)答

21、案its 名詞前應(yīng)該使用形容詞性物主代詞。7. The researchgroup produced two reportsbased on the survey,but _ contained any useful suggestions.(2015·福建卷改編 )答案neither 由語(yǔ)境可知此處表示兩者(two reports)全部否定，故使用不定代詞neither 。8.Niki is always full of ideas, but _ is useful to myknowledge.(2015 ·四川卷改編 )答案none 由語(yǔ)境可知此處表示三者或以上(fu

22、llof ideas) 全部否定，故使用不定代詞none。代詞在短文改錯(cuò)中的考查點(diǎn)規(guī)律方法錯(cuò)誤類型解決方法前后代詞指代在上下文中尋找與代詞指代相符的對(duì)象，保證代詞指代一致不一致9/139/13代詞數(shù)的錯(cuò)用根據(jù)上下文確定代詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式物主代詞名詞前形容詞性物主代詞；功能上相當(dāng)于“形容詞名詞”名詞性物的錯(cuò)用主代詞反身代詞與人反身代詞代詞與主語(yǔ)一致；人稱代詞代詞與主語(yǔ)不一致稱代詞的錯(cuò)用不定代詞推敲語(yǔ)境，理清指代關(guān)系，找出命題點(diǎn)的錯(cuò)用真題驗(yàn)證 21.Mrand Mrs Zhang allwork inourschool.(2017 · 全 國(guó) 卷 )_答案第一句 all both 或去掉

23、all 因?yàn)榇颂幹笍埾壬蛷執(zhí)珒蓚€(gè)人。 both 指兩者都， all指三者或三者以上都。 2.This picture often brings back to me many happy memories ofyour high school days. (2017·全國(guó)卷 )_答案your my 作者以第一人稱敘述了這張照片的故事，按照邏輯關(guān)系應(yīng)是“這張照片經(jīng)常讓我想到我高中階段的許多記憶”，故應(yīng)該使用代詞my。3.If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden your view and gainknowledge we cannot ge

24、t frombooks.(2016·全國(guó)卷 )_答案your our 代詞指代不一致。 4.When hecame back,Ifoundabunch offlowersinherhand.(2016 ·四川卷)_答案her his 代詞指代不一致。 5.Close to the school there was a beautifulpark with many trees【2019最新】精選高考英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)保分篇第二講代詞講與練新人教版around them.(2015 ·浙江卷 )_答案themit 由語(yǔ)境可知是“很多樹(shù)圍繞在一個(gè)公園周?chē)薄?.I wanted

25、 to do anything special for him at his retirementparty.(2015·陜西卷 )_答案anything something 在肯定句中常常使用something 。第三課時(shí)寫(xiě)作增分課代詞在寫(xiě)作中的增分點(diǎn)一、使用好代詞，寫(xiě)出正確優(yōu)美句子1. 在我看來(lái)，我們學(xué)生應(yīng)當(dāng)遵守學(xué)校制度，做學(xué)校讓我們做的事情。(obey the regulations, whatever)In_my_opinion,_we_students_should_obey_the_regulati ons_of_our_school,_and_do_whatever_o

26、ur_school_asks _us_to_do.2. 在冬季，的天氣比廣州的天氣冷得多。(the weather of Beijing)In_winter,_the_weather_of_Beijing_is_much_colder_than_that_of_Guangzhou.3. 張老師是一位非常受人尊重的老師， 一位我們終生都不會(huì)忘記的老師。 (a most respected, one, for the rest of our lives) Mr._Zhang_is_a_most_respected_teacher,_one_we ll_ never_forget_for_the_r

27、est_of_our_lives.4. 每個(gè)人都應(yīng)關(guān)心環(huán)境。 我們中的每一個(gè)人都應(yīng)當(dāng)為保護(hù)環(huán)境做出貢獻(xiàn)。 (everyone, care about, the environment, every one, make a11/1311/13contribution to)Everyone_should_care_about_the_environment_and_every _one_of_us_should_make_a_contribution_to_protectin g_it.5. 一些人贊成這個(gè)主意。不過(guò)，另外一些人強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)。 (some, in favor of, however, strongly against) Some_are_in_favor_of_the_idea;_ho