如何快速閱讀

1、如何快速閱讀你渴望成為英語快速閱讀者嗎？快速看完考試資料，考出好成績；快速看國外懸疑推理武俠言情小說，獲得更多的樂趣；在有效的時(shí)間里博覽群書，成為全能學(xué)習(xí)者?？焖匍喿x并不是不加理解，沒有絲毫樂趣的不停翻書?？焖匍喿x是學(xué)會(huì)控制自己的閱讀速度，愉悅地在書中尋找有用的知識(shí)。想要學(xué)習(xí)如何快速閱讀，從以下三步開始吧。Method 1 Improving Your Reading Pace 提高閱讀速度1. Practice a little every day 堅(jiān)持每天練習(xí)你不可能天生就掌握快速閱讀的技巧，所以需要不斷練習(xí)，直到自如運(yùn)用技巧，與其融為一體。即使每天只練習(xí)15到20分鐘，你的閱讀速度都會(huì)有

2、很大的改觀。提高閱讀速度需要時(shí)間，因?yàn)槟阍趯W(xué)習(xí)一種全新的閱讀方式。想想你小時(shí)候?qū)W習(xí)閱讀也花了好幾年，所以這次也給自己多一點(diǎn)時(shí)間吧。2. Start with easier material 從比較簡單的材料開始剛開始時(shí)選擇比較簡單，有趣的閱讀材料比較好。例如一本旅游介紹或者一位大家的回憶錄，都是很好的材料。如果你選擇一本物理書來開始，可能會(huì)把你嚇跑，學(xué)習(xí)過程就變得很可怕了。當(dāng)你能越來越熟練地應(yīng)用技巧知道要在文章中尋找什么的時(shí)候，就能對(duì)付更長更復(fù)雜的材料了。那時(shí)你就會(huì)知道哪一種方法最適合你，文章中的那一部分最重要。試試這些你能很快地看完嗎？Nest and HairMy sister, a pr

3、imary school teacher, was informed by one of her pupils that a bird had built its nest in the tree outside the classroom."What kind of bird?" my sister asked."I didn't see the bird, ma' am(Madama), only the nest," replied the child."Then, can you give us a descriptio

4、n of the nest?" my sister encouraged her ."Well, ma'am, it just resembles your hair. "A Good BoyLittle Robert asked his mother for two cents. "What did you do with the money I gave you yesterday?""I gave it to a poor old woman," he answered."You're a g

5、ood boy," said the mother proudly. "Here are two cents more. But why are you so interested in the old woman?""She is the one who sells the candy."Brain TwistsQ: What's the difference between a monkey and a flea?A: A monkey can have fleas, but a flea can't have monkey

6、s.Q: How do you stop a sleepwalker from walking in his sleep?A: Keep him awake.如果覺得這幾個(gè)小片段能吸引你都下去，那么恭喜你，你的英語興趣閱讀的材料找到啦。如果覺得讀起來吃力，還是時(shí)不時(shí)走神，也沒有關(guān)系?？赡苣銓?duì)這種題材不感興趣，需要自己尋找一下難度適中又對(duì)其感興趣的材料。3. Use your finger or an index card to set the pace 用手指或者書簽設(shè)置速度(個(gè)人建議：對(duì)于能一目十行的同學(xué)這個(gè)方法反倒不適用了)用筆、手指、書簽指著閱讀是一個(gè)很好的方法。在控制閱讀速度的同時(shí)防止

7、你不記得看到哪，也促使你認(rèn)真看因?yàn)椴荒芊磸?fù)來回閱讀。想象你的眼鏡吸附在手指上，手指指到哪，眼球跟到哪。以下節(jié)選自經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人，閱讀難度適中，拿這個(gè)片段練練手吧！The fall of the Berlin Wall, on November 9th 1989, was when history was said to have ended. The fight between communism and capitalism was over. After a titanic ideological struggle encompassing the decades after the secon

8、d worldwar, open markets and Western liberal democracy reigned supreme. In the early morning of November 9th 2016, when Donald Trump crossed the threshold of 270 electoral-college votes to become Americas president-elect, that illusion was shattered. History is backwith a vengeance.Trump Era節(jié)選講了“特朗普

9、上臺(tái)標(biāo)志著歷史的倒退”。第一次這樣練習(xí)或多或少都會(huì)有些變扭，但勤多練習(xí)就好了，慢慢地不用手指或書簽也能控制自己的閱讀速度。4. Change your attitude towards reading 改變對(duì)閱讀的看法除了特別的技巧，重新審視你時(shí)如何看待閱讀的也很重要。不要把閱讀當(dāng)作一件重活，一個(gè)必須要完成的任務(wù)。要把閱讀當(dāng)作一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)一個(gè)娛樂、學(xué)習(xí)、看世界的機(jī)會(huì)。書的主題是什么并不重要，無論是統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)原理還是大英百科全書，只要你用開放的心態(tài)對(duì)待這些主題，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)閱讀過程會(huì)容易輕松很多。以下是一篇科普節(jié)選，試試能不能帶著興趣與好奇心閱讀，感受知識(shí)帶來的快樂：Cahokia Mounds State

10、 Historic Site is the area of an ancient indigenous city (c. 6001400 AD) near Collinsville, Illinois. It is the largest archaeological site related to the Mississippian culture, which developed advanced societies in central and eastern North America, beginning more than five centuries before the arr

11、ival of Europeans. It is a National Historic Landmark and designated site for state protection. In addition, it is one of only twenty World Heritage Sites in the territory of the United States. It is the largest prehistoric earthen construction in the Americas north of Mexico. It is also home to a w

12、ooden structure which appears identical in function to Stonehenge.上文介紹了世界上最大的史前建筑，位于北美的卡霍基亞土丘歷史遺址。是不是英語閱讀不再只與考試升學(xué)相關(guān)?而是獲取新鮮知識(shí)的渠道，是一扇看大千世界的窗戶。5. Know when to slow down 知道什么時(shí)候應(yīng)該慢下來即使讀得快有很多好處，你也應(yīng)該意識(shí)到有些時(shí)候慢下來很重要，因?yàn)槟阈枰耆斫馕囊狻Ｈ绻阕x得很快卻沒有理解文章意思、獲得有用的信息，這完全沒有任何意義。另外，有些題材不應(yīng)該讀得太快或者囫圇吞棗。這些包括經(jīng)典著作、詩歌、戲劇、專業(yè)書籍等。這些書的每

13、一個(gè)字都應(yīng)該被讀到，被仔細(xì)分析。Method 2 Breaking Bad Habits 改掉壞習(xí)慣2 Avoid reading word-by-word 避免逐字閱讀閱讀英文時(shí)要按 chunks （意群）閱讀，而不是一個(gè)單詞一個(gè)單詞的看。例如，最初級(jí)的閱讀者會(huì)這樣閱讀： "the horse is in the barn" 讀成”the" + "horse" + "is" + "in" + "the" + "barn”。分開理解每一個(gè)詞的意思。其實(shí)你的大腦有很強(qiáng)的理解能力

14、，你只要讀出句子中的 “horse” 與 “barn”，你的大腦就能填補(bǔ)剩下的空白。這樣，你只用讀一半的字就能理解全部的意思。閱讀速度極大提高。測(cè)試一下，你能僅通過幾個(gè)單詞讀懂下面句子的意思嗎？1）In 1926, wizard Newt Scamander briefly stops over in New York City.2）He encounters Mary Lou Barebone, a No-Maj (non-magical human) and the head of the New Salem Philanthropic Society, which claims that

15、 witches and wizards are real and dangerous. 3） As Newt listens to her speak, a Niffler escapes from his magically-expanded suitcase that houses multiple magical creatures.4） As he attempts to capture it, Jacob Kowalski, a No-Maj cannery worker, mistakenly carries off Newt's suitcase.4句話講述了神奇動(dòng)物在

16、哪里的背景故事。是不是只看加粗字體也能知道故事在講什么呢？如果不能，要好好運(yùn)用一下自己的想象力！3. Overcome inefficient eye movement 克服低效眼睛運(yùn)動(dòng)你的眼睛一次至少可以看到四到五個(gè)單詞，不要浪費(fèi)這個(gè)技能。休息一下面部，舒緩眼鏡聚焦，這樣會(huì)使你一次性看到更多的詞，所以這讓你的閱讀變得更有效率。另外，周邊視覺也要被充分利用。你甚至不需要聚焦到句尾就知道這句話在講什么。4. Eliminate regression 重復(fù)閱讀是指你重復(fù)閱讀同一個(gè)句子兩次、三次，無論是有意識(shí)的還是無意識(shí)的。很明顯，這會(huì)使你的閱讀時(shí)間大大增加。有些人重復(fù)閱讀，因?yàn)樗麄兺涀约鹤x到了哪

17、里，需要回到頁面或段落的開頭再讀一遍找到它。你可以避免這樣的事情，使用一個(gè)指向標(biāo)記你讀到的位置無論是你的手指,鋼筆或索引卡。其他人重復(fù)閱讀是因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為在第一次閱讀的時(shí)候并沒有真正理解文本的意思。要克服這一點(diǎn),你需要確保在閱讀的時(shí)候集中注意力,閱讀應(yīng)該是一個(gè)活躍的活動(dòng),而不是一個(gè)被動(dòng)的事情。以下片段節(jié)選自CNN，Hobbit holes and sci-fi monuments: Ingenious visions of the future，詞匯不難，試試集中注意力，主動(dòng)獲取信息：There was a time when it seemed like blueprints, dreams,

18、 and raw concrete could change the world.We were optimistic then. We thought we could build utopia. We thought we could cast our vision of a better world in raw concrete and sweeping glass and cantilever it over the edge of our flawed present, over the chasm of our human failings, and into the open,

19、 untouched air of an ideal future - and then live there, all of us.你倒回去讀了幾次呢？沒有重復(fù)閱讀還是倒回去了一次，兩次？一次兩次對(duì)于初學(xué)者來說是正常的，但如果次數(shù)更多可要小心了，可能這就是你閱讀次數(shù)提不上去的原因之一。Method 3. Changing the Way You Read 改變你的閱讀方式1. Preview the material 預(yù)習(xí)材料最有效的提高閱讀速度的方法就是在閱讀前熟悉材料。熟悉材料的方法是看篇章的第一個(gè)段落，接下來每一個(gè)段落的第一句話，以及最后一個(gè)段落。除此之外，你還應(yīng)該看標(biāo)題與加粗強(qiáng)調(diào)的部

20、分。這樣你并不能讀到細(xì)節(jié)，但卻可以最重要的是哪一部分，哪一部分直接可以略過不讀。這個(gè)方法適用于如果你想對(duì)篇幅長、不熟悉、難度大的材料有個(gè)初步的認(rèn)識(shí)。測(cè)試一下：Something's happening at the lowest point on our planet, some 1,388 feet below sea level.The Dead Sea, a salt lake nestled by Israel, Jordan and the West Bank, is shrinking at an alarming rate - about 3.3 feet per yea

21、r, according to the environmentalist group EcoPeace Middle East. And human actions are largely to blame."It's not just like one country is punishing the Dead Sea; it's more like the whole region," said photographer Moritz Küstner, who visited the area in February to work on hi

22、s series "The Dying Dead Sea."乍一看上面這段材料有點(diǎn)難度。但如果你知道了上面是在講“死海面臨干枯的現(xiàn)狀”，聯(lián)系已有知識(shí)，是不是就容易讀了很多呢？2. Scan for the most important words 掃視尋找關(guān)鍵詞另一種方法是簡單地掃描材料和挑選關(guān)鍵字。使用這種方法，你可以對(duì)材料有一個(gè)基本的認(rèn)識(shí)，不拘泥于過分的細(xì)節(jié)，浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。舉個(gè)例子：the fearsome lion stealthily hunted its unsuspecting prey - the antelope不用讀完每一個(gè)單詞，你也可以知道這句話在講什么。略讀，挑選出關(guān)鍵詞，lion - hunted - antelope，這三個(gè)詞表達(dá)的意思與整句話是一樣的。這種方法比較適用于簡單、短小的材料，比如雜志或報(bào)紙專欄。、測(cè)試一下：1）For thirty years or so, in the heart of the twentieth century,