外研版小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納定稿版

1、H-GX8Q8外研版小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納精編IBM system offi外研版小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納一、時(shí)態(tài)1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)(1)表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事情，通常用“usually通常，often常常，every每, sometimes 有時(shí)，always 總是，”等詞。(2)基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ) I / You / We / They /He / She / It肯定句：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形或動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式否定句：主語(yǔ)+ don' t +動(dòng)詞原形或者doesn' t +動(dòng)原一般疑問句(Yes/No) DoYes, I do. No, I don， t.Does(動(dòng)詞原

2、形)Yes, he/she does. No, he/she doesn' t.特殊疑問句What do How does she(動(dòng)詞原形)(3)動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式(同名詞單數(shù)變成復(fù)數(shù)方法相同)1 . 一般情況 +s /in ：walk-walks2 .輔音字母+y結(jié)尾 去y +ies fly-flies3 . 結(jié)尾是 s, x, sh, ch +es watch-watches4 .結(jié)尾是 0 +es do-does, go-goes5 .特殊 have-has2. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)(1)表示正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，通常用“now現(xiàn)在，look看，linsen聽”.(2)基本形式：be +動(dòng)詞

3、-ingeg: I am (not) doing my homework.You/We/They are (not) reading. He/She/It is (not) eating.What are you doingIs he reading(3)動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式(動(dòng)詞+ing)一般情況 +ing walkwalking結(jié)尾是不發(fā)音的e -e + ing come一coming重讀閉音節(jié) 雙寫最后一個(gè)字母+ing swimswimming run-running3. 一般過去時(shí)(1)表示過去已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情,通常用“l(fā)ast上一個(gè)，just now剛才，many years ago許多

4、年前，yesterday昨天”等詞。(2) be 動(dòng)詞的過去式：am/is一wasare一were(3)過去式基本結(jié)構(gòu)肯定句：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過去式1 went shopping last night.否定句：主語(yǔ)+ didn, t +動(dòng)詞原形I didn' t go shopping last night.一般疑問句(Yes/No)Did+動(dòng)詞原形Did you go shopping last night特殊疑問句(wh-) What did+動(dòng)詞原形What did you do last night動(dòng)詞過去式的變化:規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的變化:(1)一般動(dòng)詞 +ed planted, water

5、ed, climbed(2)以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾+d liked tied(3)輔音字母加 y 結(jié)尾 -y+ iedstudy一studied, cry- cried(4)重讀閉音節(jié)單詞，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字雙寫最后一個(gè)字母+edplan - plannedstop - stopped不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的變化：原形過去式原形過去式原形過去式am /iswasareweregowentdodidfindfoundbuyboughteatatefeelfeltdrinkdrankteachtaughttaketookreadreadgivegavehavehadputputsingsangdrivedrovem

6、eetmetcut cutbeginbeganmakemadesee sawrun ranride rodecome camedraw drewsit sattell toldlearn learntget gotcarry carriedstudy studiedlet letring rangwrite wrote4. 一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí)表示將來打算做的事或?qū)⒁l(fā)生的事情。常常與tomorrow, next Sunday等 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。結(jié)構(gòu):be going to +動(dòng)詞原形或will +動(dòng)詞原形例如：I' m going to visit my grandpa next we

7、ek.二、人稱代詞主格 Iweyou hesheitthey賓格 me usyou himheritthem形容詞性物主代詞my our your his her its their名詞性物主代詞mine ours yours his hers its theris（注:介詞，動(dòng)詞后面跟賓格。后面沒有名詞時(shí)用名詞性物主代詞。）三、可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式1 .一般名詞：+ s book - books2 .輔音字母加 y 結(jié)尾：- y+ iesstorystories3 .以 s, x, sh, ch ,結(jié)尾：+ esglassglasses; a watch-watches以。結(jié)尾：1）有生命的

8、+espotato-potatoes2）無生命的 +s photo-photoes4 .以 f 或 fe 結(jié)尾：- f 或 fe 變?yōu)?ves knife - knives; shelf-shelves5 .特殊的名詞復(fù)數(shù)：man-men, woman-women, policeman-polieemen, policewoman-polieewomen, mouse-mice, child-childrenfoot-feet,. tooth-teethfish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese,四、不可數(shù)名詞（沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式）bread, rice, w

9、ater, juice, milk, tea, coffee五、縮略形式I' m = I amyou re = you areshe' s = she ishe' s = he ishasn' t = he has (got) it' s = it iswho* s =who is can' t=can not isn' t=is not didn' t=did notweren? t=were not wasn' t=was not let' s=let usr 11=1 win六、a. an . the的用法1

10、.單詞的第一讀音是輔音讀音:a book, a peach, a “U”單詞的第一個(gè)讀音是元音讀音:an egg, an hour, an "F”2. the要注意的:球類前面不加the, play football樂器前面要加the, play the piano序數(shù)詞前面要加the, the second七、介詞1 表示方位：on, in , in front of, between, next to, near, beside, at, behind., under2 .表示時(shí)間：(1)at :幾點(diǎn)前面用at如:at six o' clock,沒有day的節(jié)日前用at如

11、:at Christmas,固定詞組 at the weekends , at night(2)on:用于星期，日期，某一天的上午、下午、晚上(指具體的某一天時(shí))on Sunday在星期天on Sunday morning在星期天的上午on March 8在3月8日；帶 有Day的節(jié)日前用on如：on National Day(3) in：早晨，中午，晚上前用 in： in the morning , in the afternoon , in the evening ,月份前用in，如in December ;季節(jié)前用in，如winter;年份前用in,如 in 1999八、基數(shù)詞變成序數(shù)詞

12、的方法1.直接在基數(shù)詞詞尾加上th。如：seventh第七，tenth第十，thirteenth第十三，2. 以y結(jié)尾的基數(shù)詞，變y為i,再加上eth。如：twentieth第二十。3 .不規(guī)則的。如：first 第一，second 第二，third 第三，fifth 第五，eighth 第 八，ninth 第九，twelfth 第十二。4 .有兩個(gè)或以上單詞組成的基數(shù)詞只改最后一個(gè)單詞如twenty-first第二十一。九、 some /any的用法1 .肯定句中用 some： I have some toys in my bedroom.2 .問句和否定句中用 any：Do you hav

13、e any brothers or sistersHe hasn, t got any pencils in his pencil-case.3 .詢問想要什么時(shí)用 some:Would you like some juiceCan I have some stamps十、there be結(jié)構(gòu)1 .肯定句（有）：There is +單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞There are + 復(fù)數(shù)注:遵循就近原則，看靠there be最近的2 . 一般疑問句（有嗎，）：Is there Yes, there is. / No, there isn, t.Are there* Yes, there are. /No,

14、 there aren' t.3 .否定句（沒有）：There isn' t .There aren, t.4 . there be句型與have （has）的區(qū)別：there be表示在某地有某物（或人）；have （has）表 示某人擁有某物。H*一、祈使句Sit down please.Don* t open the door, please.Let' s go to the park.（注:祈使句中動(dòng)詞用原形）十二、（情態(tài)）動(dòng)詞can, may, must, should, will后面直接用動(dòng)詞原形。1. I / He / She / They can sin

15、g.May I come inI must go now.2. You should be quiet in the library. 3. You' 11 be good friends.十四、特殊疑問句1. What什么（問什么事，什么物或什么工作等）What are you doing, I' m reading.What did you do yesterday I played basketball.What are you going to do I' m going to do homework.What is that It' s a book.

16、What does he/she do? She' s a nurse.What time is itIt' s seven.2. What colour 問顏色What colour is your coat It' s red.3. when什么時(shí)候When do you get up I get up at six thirty.When is your birthday It' s on the 21st of December.4. Which 哪一個(gè)Which is your watch, the yellow one or the white on

17、e?The yellow is mine.5. Who 誰(shuí)Who is the man with a big nose He' s my uncle.6. Whose 誰(shuí)的Whose bag is it It' s his bag.7. Where 哪里Where is my penIt' s under the book.8. Why為什么Why do you like summer Because9. How many 多少How many books are there in the school bag?There are four books in the s

18、chool bag.10. How old 幾歲How old is the young man He' s nineteen.11. How much 多少錢How much is the toy bear It' s eleven yuan.12. How 怎么樣(How long/ big/tall)How do you go to school everyday I go to school by car.How long is the river It' s 10 miles long.十五.已經(jīng)學(xué)過的動(dòng)詞sayhelpknowlostlivereadruntakelistentalkseedrawjumpsin