博弈論的總結(jié)｜博弈論總結(jié)

1、博弈論學(xué)習(xí)的個(gè)人總結(jié)劉艷麗第一部分基本情況視頻來源耶魯公開課博弈論1-5講，人人影視參考資料耶魯校園網(wǎng)博弈論-戰(zhàn)略分析入門，美，羅杰A麥凱恩，原毅軍譯，機(jī)械工業(yè)出版 社，2006 , 42元 策略博弈，阿維納什迪克西特，蒲勇健譯，中國(guó)人民大學(xué) 出版社，第二版，2009 , 65元班級(jí)工商，人力08級(jí)學(xué)生課時(shí)8節(jié)我的時(shí)間投入視頻26個(gè)小時(shí)；書籍，25小時(shí)；上網(wǎng)時(shí)間，無法統(tǒng)計(jì)。第二部分知識(shí)層面一、The five lessons 五個(gè)基本的結(jié)論1、Don"t play a strictly dominated strategy2、Rational choices can lead to

2、bad outcomes3、You can"t get what you want4、Put yourself in other people"s shoes5、Yale students are evil二、Game 2: "pick a number." 數(shù)字游戲Without showing your neighbor what you"re doing, put in the box below a whole number between 1 and a 100 whole number between 1 and 100-integ

3、er. We will calculate the average number chosen in the class. The winner in this game is the person whose number is closest to two-thirds times the average in the class.三、The Prisoners" Dilemmasome examples 囚徒困境A joint projectPrice competitionA common resourceGlobal warming and carbon emissions

4、communication , contracts , treaties between countrieseducation cannot workregulation，Solutions OF The Prisoners" Dilemma changing payoffs.改變收益結(jié)構(gòu)四、The ingredients of a game博弈的基本結(jié)構(gòu)Playersi 、jStrategies"si" to be a particular strategy of Player iSi" to be the set of alternatives.s&

5、quot; to mean a particular play of the gamePayoffs"U" for utile, to be Player i"s payoff.So "Ui" will depend on Player 1"s choiceall the way to Player i"sown choice allthe way up to Player N"s choices.Player i"s payoff "Ui," a shorter way of wri

6、ting that would be "Ui(s)," it depends on theprofileS-i" to mean a strategy choice for everybody except person "i."Assume that everybody knows the possible strategies everyone else could choose and everyoneknows everyone else"s payoffs五、如何尋找博弈均衡解1、成績(jī)案例-求解方法，如存在最優(yōu)策略，則選擇最優(yōu)。2、數(shù)字游戲一一如果不在絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)策略，則疊代剔出劣勢(shì)策略（情景案例中間選民理論，合作博弈，產(chǎn)品植入理論）3、點(diǎn)球游戲一一不存在嚴(yán)格優(yōu)劣勢(shì)策略，則根據(jù)對(duì)對(duì)手的策略，來確定自己的最優(yōu)策略。（最佳反應(yīng)策略。）六、納什均衡1、納什均衡的定義在一個(gè)沒有嚴(yán)格優(yōu)勢(shì)策略的博弈中，如果沒一個(gè)參與人都采用了針對(duì)其他參與人所選策略的最優(yōu)反應(yīng)策略，那么參與人的策略就是一個(gè)納什均衡。2、研究納什均衡的意義第一個(gè)意義，是我不后悔。如果其他人的行為不改變，那么我改變了策略， 我的收益會(huì)減