小升初英語分語法專題第1講：名詞

1、TB 店名：貝殼英語大本營 1410929811小升初英語教學輔導講義教師姓名學生姓名上課時間輔導科目英語年級上課表現(xiàn)課題名稱第一講：名 詞教學 目標知識點： 1. 鞏固名詞的分類和用法（可數(shù)名詞、不可數(shù)名詞）2. 名詞變復數(shù)考點 : 可數(shù)、不可數(shù)名詞及名詞所有格的相關考查題型能力： 1. 能分清哪些是可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞2. 能正確使用不可數(shù)名詞3. 能熟練使用名詞所有格方法：練習歸納Step 1Free TalkSelf-introduction DreamStep 2 Warming-upHappy time：Guess: answer: age年齡What always goes up

2、, and never goes down?Step 3 Phonetic Symbols英語國際標準音標練習元音 （20 個 ）單元音12 個前 元 音 （4 個 ）i:ie? 后 元 音 （5 個 ）:?:?u:u中 元 音 （3 個 ）?:?雙元音8個合口雙元音 （5 個 ）ei?uaiau?i集中雙元音 （3 個 ）i?u?輔音 （28 個 ）清 輔音 （11 個 ）ptkfs?t?trtsh濁 輔音 （17 個 ）bdgvze?d ?drdzlmn?jwr/i:/bee/bi:/feet/fi:t/keep/ki:p/team/ti:m/meet/mi:t/i/it /it/big/

3、big/give/giv/sick/sik/e/get/get/best/best/help/help/?/have/h?v/cat/k?t/語音基礎小練習： 下面對字母的分類是不正確的，請根據(jù)字母的發(fā)音重新歸類。 ei Hh, Jj, Kk, Xx ； i: Bb, Cc, Dd, Ee, Gg, Tt, Vv, Ww; ai Aa, Ii, Yy; e Ff, Ll, Rr, Ss, Zz;ju: Pp, Qq, Uu, Mm, Nn, Oo; ei , , , ; i: , , , , , , _ ai , ; e , , , , , ;ju: , , ;Practicing:three

4、 thousand three hundred and thirty-threeanswers: ei _Aa_, _Hh_, _Jj_, _Kk_; i: _Bb_, _Cc_, _Dd_, _Ee_,_Gg_, _Pp_, _Tt_, _Vv ai _Ii_, _Yy_; e _Ff_, _Ll_, _Mm_, _ Nn_,_Ss_, _Xx_, _Zz_; ju: _Qq _, _ Uu_, _Ww_;Step 4 Language Learning專題一：名 詞專有名詞： 首字母始終大寫（人名、地名、國家、城市等）名 詞 可數(shù)名詞 ：有復數(shù)形式（變化規(guī)則）普通名詞不可數(shù)名詞 ： 無復數(shù)

5、形式，在句中被看作單數(shù)；借助量詞表達量有生命的 ：?ss? （特殊： ten minutes? walk, one hour?s drive）名詞所有格無生命的 : of （注意順序）可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)名詞是表示能夠計算的人或物的名稱，通常有單數(shù)和復數(shù)的形式 可數(shù)名詞變化規(guī)則：規(guī)則名詞的復數(shù)形式 ：規(guī)則例詞1一般情況在詞尾加 -smap-maps, sea-seas girl-girls, day-days2以 s, x, ch, sh 結尾的名詞后加 -esclass-classes, box-boxes watch-watches, dish-dishes3以-f 或-fe 結尾的詞 變-f 和

6、-fe 為 v 再加 -esleaf-leaves, knife-knives, shelf-shelves4以輔音字母加 y 結尾的名詞，變 y 為 i 加-esparty-parties story-stories, city-cities5以元音字母加 y 結尾的名詞加 -stoy-toys, boy-boys6以輔音字母 加 -o 結尾 的 名詞加-eshero-heroes, Negro-Negroes potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes加-sphoto-photos, radio-radios, bamboo-bamboos zoo-zoos7以-th

7、 結尾的名詞加 -smonth-months巧學妙記】：（1）黑人英雄吃土豆吐西紅柿皮（2）妻子持刀去宰狼 小偷嚇得發(fā)了慌 躲在架后保己命 半片樹葉遮目光英語里有些名詞的復數(shù)形式是不規(guī)則的，現(xiàn)歸納如下 ：規(guī)則例詞1改變名詞中的元音字母或其他形式man-men, woman-women foot-feet, goose-geese mouse-mice2單復數(shù)相同sheep, deer , 3常以復數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)clothes， trousers, noodles4表示 “某 國人”詞尾加 -sAmerican-AmericansCanadian-Canadians German- Germans單

8、復數(shù)同形Chinese, Japanese以 -man 或 -woman 結 尾 的 改 為 -men,-womenEnglishman-EnglishmenFrenchwoman- Frenchwomen巧學妙記】：中日不變，英法變，其他“ s”加后邊 注意： (1) 姓氏的復數(shù)形式前面加 the表示“ , 一家或, 夫婦”如：the Whites(2) 可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù) ,可以用 ,a? 或,an?來修飾a cake/a book/a pen/a studentan egg/an orange/an elephant/ an old mana uniform/a European stamp

9、/a university studentan hour/an honest boy【課堂練習】一把下列單數(shù)名詞變成復數(shù)1. giraffe 2. apartment 3. fish 4. box5. lady 6. leaf 7. life 8. match9. snowman 10. child 11. peach 12. dish13. bus 14. photo 15. tomato16. potato17. story 18. factory 19. sheep 20. deer21.hero 22.radio 23.Japanese 24.Chinese25.German_26.A

10、mericananswers:1. giraffes2. apartments3. fish/fishes4. boxes5. ladies6. leaves7. lives/life8. matches9. snowmen10. children11. peaches12. dishes13. buses14. photos15. tomatoes16. potatoes17. stories18. factories19. sheep20. deer21. heroes22. radios23. Japanese24. Chinese 25. Germans26. Americans二、在

11、橫線上填上適當?shù)脑~。1. There are many (sheep) and (deer) on the grass.2. Canada, America. Italy and Israel are all foreign (country).3. In the street there are many big (mouse).4. Mr. Zhang and Liu are both(postman).5. Mark and David are (German).6. We are (Chinese). They are (American).7. Hello, Mr. Wang. Ho

12、w many (child) do you have?I have one (child).8. China has many large (city).Shanghai is one of the biggest (city) in China.answers:1. sheep; deer 2. countries 3. mice 4. postmen 5. Germans 6. Chinese; Americans7. children; child 8. cities; cities三、請在以下四個選項中選出最佳答案。( ) 1. The of the trees turn yellow

13、 in autumn.A. leafB. leavesC. leafsD. a leaf( ) 2. There are a lot of in the shopping center.A. peopleB. drinkC. womanD. rices( ) 3. Yesterday I went to the supermarket and bought a lot of .A. tomatoes B. potatosC. vegetableD. meats( ) 4. They said that they weren?t but .A. German, English B. Chines

14、e, JapaneseC. Americans, AustralianD. Frenchmans, Canadians( ) 5. Are there any in your factory?A. woman driver B. woman driversC. women drivers D. women?s drivers( ) 6. Mr Wang felt sorry that so few passed the exam.A. students B. student C. students? D. child( ) 7. Almost are born in the world in

15、one minute.A. two hundreds babies B. two hundreds of babyC. hundreds of babiesD. two hundred babies( ) 8. There?s little in my bag. Can you lend me some?A. cake B. money C. penD. thing( ) 9. Mr Li is one of in the hospital.A. most popular doctors B. the most popular doctorsC. most popular doctor D.

16、the most popular doctor ( ) 10. Are they or ?A. doctor, policemanB. doctors, policemenC. doctors, policemans( ) 11. There some fish in the river.A. is B. are C. am( ) 12. Jack has some .A. stories-book B. story-booksC. stories-booksanswers:15 BAABC 610 ADBBB 1112 BB不可數(shù)名詞1）不可數(shù)名詞的概念： 一般來說，不可數(shù)名詞主要以物質(zhì)名詞

17、和抽象名詞為主。它們沒有復數(shù)形式（即不能在 詞尾加 s），也不能與 a, an 連用。在表示不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量時，必須與相應的量詞連用。1) 不可數(shù)名詞的種類1. 液體： water, juice, milk, coffee, coke, ink2. 自然現(xiàn)象： snow, rain, ice3. 食品類： rice, meat, bread, beef, pork, chicken, food4. 其他： newspaper, paper, news, homework, housework )不可數(shù)名詞量的表達：“ a表+ 示這些東西的單位 +不可數(shù)名詞 ”，如 a cup of tea,

18、a bag of rice. 如果為了表示 “多個”的概念，可以將表示這些東西的單位變成復數(shù)。 如： three cups of tea; ten bags of rice.直接修飾不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量詞語有： some, any, much, a lot of, a little等如：A box of milksome water much fooda little time3)some和 any 的用法區(qū)別some和 any都表示“一些”，但它們的用法不同。 Some用在肯定句中；而 any 則用在否 定句和疑問句中。 如： I have some beautiful stamps.I don

19、?t have any beautiful stamps.Do you have any beautiful stamps?注意： some也可以用在客氣請求的一般疑問句中：-Can I have some bananas? -Sure.課堂練習】、給下列詞語分類A.money B.tiger C.chicken D.strawberry E.beef F.cake G.bike H.tomato I.paper J.rice K.rain L.bread M.coffee可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞第 7 頁 共 14 頁answers:可數(shù)名詞： BDFGH不可數(shù)名詞： ACEIJKLMTB 店名：

20、貝殼英語大本營 1410929811看圖，寫出下列各詞的量詞 tea rice water shoes milk newspaper第9 頁 共14 頁answers: a cup of, two glasses of, a box of, a bowl of, a pair of, a copy of二用 some 或 any 填空1. Do you have new Chinese books, Mr Brown?-Yes, I have .2. Hello, Mom. Can I have coke?-Of course.3. I don?t have sister and brothe

21、r.4. In the park, you can see red flowers and trees.5. Look, girls are dancing and boys are flying kites.6. Sorry, I can?t see grey rabbits on the farm.7. Would you like chicken for dinner?-Yes, thank you.8. Dad, I?d like noodles and soup.Ok.answers: 1. any, some 2. some 3. any 4. some, some 5. some

22、, some 6. any 7. some 8. some三、單項選擇1. There is a glass of for you.A. juicesB. juiceC. a juice2. Look, there are some in the park.A. childrenB. childC. water3. Can you see in the classroom?A. any newspaper B. a newspaperc. any newspapers4. Here?s for you.A. a good newsB. a piece of good newsC. a good

23、 piece of newsD. many news5. Would you likeA. a teaB. a cup teaC. a cup of tea6. This isA. milkB. a milkC. milks7. Are therein the box?A. any ice-cream B. any applesC. any rice8. I amA. pupilB. MaryC. student9. She is readingA. newspaperB. a newspaperC. newspapers10. I likeA. coffeeB. coffeesC. coff

24、es11. I want to buyA. two box of eggsB. two bottles of orange juicesC. a box of pearsD. two bottle of milkanswers: 15 BAABC610 ABBAA 11 C名詞所有格1)名詞所有格的概念表示人或物品所屬關系時，我們需要使用名詞所有格，表示“ , 的”。如“媽媽的房子 表示為“ mother?s house”2) 名詞所有格的構成1. 一般情況下，在名詞詞尾加 -,s。 如： Mike ?s bike, Tom?s book2. 以s結尾的名詞，在詞尾加 -?。 如：my par

25、ents? car, our teachers? books3. 表示幾個人共同擁有的東西時，只在最后一個名詞上加所有格。如：Jenny and Joan?s bedroomJenny和 Joan共同擁有的臥室如果是分別擁有的東西，就要在每一個名字上加所有格。如： Tim?s and Jack?s toy carsTim 的玩具車和 Jack的玩具車。4. 表示國家、城市等地方的名詞和表示時間、距離、度量和金錢的名詞，無生命的，也可加-?s。如： one week?s holiday, today?s homework5. 沒有生命的東西的所有格，我們用“ of+名詞”的方式來表示。如：教室的

26、窗 window of the classroom, 中國的首都 the capital of China6. 有生命的名詞也可用 of。如：我的一位朋友 a friend of mine 注意：某些名詞所有格直接表示具體的意義。如：I am going to Miss White ?s tomorrow我打算明天去 Miss White 家；Let?s go to the doctor?s 我們?nèi)メt(yī)院吧。【課堂練習】一、用所給詞的適當形式 (名詞所有格 )填空1. This is (Kate) book. That is (Sue) pencil-case.2. My (parents) c

27、lothes are hanging in the wardrobe.3. He is a friend of my (father).4. They are (Ken and Billy) new houses.5. (Students)chairs are all new.6. These are (girl) dresses.7. Whose are these lunchboxes? They are (Lucy).8. They are (Mary) bags.9. This is a new coat. It is my (mother)10. These shoes are ou

28、r ( friend).11. My ( mother) and (sister) dresses are cheap.12. ( workers) houses are in that place.13. (Carl) shop is very big. (Sam) is small.14. This is Mimi. Mimi lives in that cage. This is (Mimi) cage.15. That is the (rabbit) carrot.answers: 1. Kate?s, Sue?s 2. parents? 3. father?s 4. Ken?s an

29、d Billy ?s 5. Students?6. girl 7. Lucy?s 8. Mary?s 9. mother?s 10. friend?s / friends?11. mother?s, sister?s 12.Workers? 13. Carl?s, Sam?s 14. Mimi ?s 15. rabbit?s小升初真題演練】( ) 1. There _ on the plateAis，breadsBare，breadsC is，some breadD are，some bread() 2. -there _ on the plate?TB 店名：貝殼英語大本營 14109298

30、11-Yes， only a little.A Is, a meat, andB Are ，meats，butCAre，any meats，andD Is, any meat, but() 3. Mozart was one of the greatest in the world.A musicianBmusiciansCwriters() 4. -Whose ruler is it? -Maybe it?s.A. Peter B. Peters C. Mary?s D. Peters?5、根據(jù)句意，用括號中所給詞的正確形式填空。The(story) are very interesting

31、.() 6. David Beckham is a famous from the U.K.A. footballer B. politician C. musician D. inventor( ) 7. There some grape juice and two pieces of bread on that table.A has B is C have D areanswers: 14 CDBC 5. stories 67 ABHomework: 溫習本堂課所學知識 ； 詞匯短語聽寫 ，下節(jié)課檢查； 鞏固練習 ：一、寫出所給單詞的同類詞，各寫三個：1. postman2. rabbi

32、t3. hospital4. America5. T-shirt6. eyes7. father2. duck, sheep, goose3. cinema, bank, restaurant4. China, Germany, JapanPossible answers: 1. driver, fireman, policeman5. shirt, blouse, dress6. ears, nose, mouth7. mother, sister, brother二、寫出下列單詞的復數(shù)形式：1. strawberry3. dress5. policeman7. schoolboy9. bo

33、okshelf11. woman13. mouth15. dish17. potatoanswers: 1. strawberries 2. sheep6. pianos 7. schoolboys11. women 12. Germans2. sheep4. peach6. piano8. class10. butterfly12. German14. tooth16. knife18. box3. dresses 4. peaches 5. policemen8. classes 9. bookshelves 10. butterflies13. mouths 14. teeth 15.

34、dishes16. knives 17. potatoes 18. boxesA. two glasses of orange juiceC. two glass of orange juices)2. This is Jim?s mother.A. woman teacherC. woman teachersB. two glass of orange juiceD. two glasses of orange juicesB. women teachersD. women teacher三、在空格內(nèi)填入正確的詞。1. aof tea2. threeof water3. aof bread4

35、. fourof paper5. aof noodles6. aof sunglasses7. aof juice8. twoof jeans9. aof apples10. aof riceanswers:1. cup2. glasses3. piece 4. sheets / pieces5. bowl6. pair7. bottle8. pairs 9. box / bag10. bag / bowl四、單項選擇。()1. I?d like第 15 頁 共 14 頁）3. The room isA. Tom and Jim B. Tom?s and JimC. Tom?s and Jim

36、?sD. Tom and Jim?s）4. I want to buy twoA. pencils-boxB. pencil-boxesC. pencil-boxD. pencils-boxes）5. Saturday comes afterA. SundayB. MondayC. FridayD. Tuesday）6. It?s onlywalk from school to the park.A. five minutesB. five hours C. five minutes?D. five minute?s）7. The radio is behind .A. the classroom?s door B. the door of the