外研版必修五module2重點知識與練習(xí)

1、外研版必修五module2重點知識 與練習(xí)I .單詞薈萃1 .a辦令人滿意的-己次感到滿意的一 satisfy v.使人滿意- n.滿意2 .adj,充滿壓力的，緊張的一 a四感到壓力的stress n. 壓力v強調(diào)3 . volunteer n .志愿者v.志愿，自愿adj,志愿的，義務(wù)的4 .direct v.指揮，指導(dǎo)，指踣a立直接的，坦率的己次.直接地adv.直接地；立即，馬上一 n,指導(dǎo)，指揮，方向-.指導(dǎo)者, 主管；董事；導(dǎo)演-directory n.（電話）號碼簿5 .adj,合格的，稱職的一 K.使具有姿格，使合格一qualification n .資格，限制條件6 .凍僵，凍

2、?。皇勾糇?（物價或瑾的）凍結(jié)一 adj,極冷的a方被凍住的，冷凍的freezer n.冰箱7 .匕簽字；做手勢示意n,跡象，征；標(biāo)牌；手勢-signature n .簽名8 .apply 14申請，應(yīng)用n.申請，申請書9 . require v.需要，要求n.要求，必要條件10 .v.遭受（痛苦），經(jīng)歷一suffering .痛苦，苦難11.個性，性格一 一 蟲位就個人而言；親自口 .短語檢測1 .尤其；特別2 .平均3 .脫離；墜落；分開4 .理論上；從理論上來說5 .實際上；實踐中6 .遵守規(guī)則7 .靠生活8 .以為理所當(dāng)然9 .經(jīng)過10 .對產(chǎn)生影響11 .志愿/主動做某事12 .要求

3、某人來，召喚出動13 .一周又一周14 占據(jù)15 .適合/有資格做某事16 .（未）注意到a辦私人的，親自的一person n.人17申請18 .作為的回應(yīng)19 休假一天20 與有關(guān) in particular on average come off in theory in practice respect/obey the rules live ontake.for granted pass byhave an effect on. volunteer to do sth. call outweek in, week out take upbe qualified for sth./to

4、do sth. take (no) notice of apply forbe related to.in response to. have a day off m .佳句再現(xiàn)1 .Although there is not a lot of traffic, on average, one vehicle the road.盡管交通量不大，但平均每兩周會有一輛車掉下公路。2 But often they just,但他們經(jīng)常只是從他身邊駛過,把人體交通標(biāo)志看作理所當(dāng)然的事情。3 .send me more information about the post(s) available.如果

5、你們能把更多的有關(guān)這些工作的信息寄給我的話，本人 將非常感激。4 I your advertisement for a temporary position as a waiter.我現(xiàn)在寫信應(yīng)征你的廣告，求一份當(dāng)服務(wù)員的臨時工作。W.詞匯學(xué)習(xí)1 offer &主動提出，提議；出價,建議；提供；出價(1) offer to do sth.主動提出做某事offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb 向某人提供某物(2) offer money for sth.出錢買offer sth. for money 要價賣某物【活學(xué)活用】1 根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子He me,他主動提出

6、幫助我。2 .單項填空Theyve us $150,000 for the house. Shall we take it?A provided B . supplied C . shown D . offered【解析】D 本題考查offer表示出價的意思。offer sb. some money for sth. 意為向某人出價買某物，又由Shall we take it?，可知offer最符合句意。3 apply vi. (to make a formal request)申請，請求;(to have an effect on or to concern a particular per

7、son, group, or situation)適用application n.申請；申請書；應(yīng)用，運用 applicant n. 申請人(2)apply (to sb./sth.) for sth.(向某人/某組織)申請某物apply to do sth.申請做某事apply sth. to sth.將某物應(yīng)用于某物apply to適用于apply oneself to sth./doing sth.專心致力于(做)某事【活學(xué)活用】(l)rm going to,我打算申請那個職位。(2)Do the same rules?同樣的規(guī)則是否適用于兼 職工人？(3)The new technol

8、ogy farming.這項新技術(shù)已應(yīng)用于 農(nóng)業(yè)。4 require vt需要，要求(l)requirement .所需要的東西；必要的條 件，必備的條件meet/satisfy requirements滿足需要/必備的條件(2)require that sb.(should) do sth.要求/需要某人做某事require sb. to do sth.要求/需要某人做某事require sth. of sb.向某人要求某物require doing需要被做required(3)as required 按照要求reading指定讀物【易混辨析】require, request 和 deman

9、d不同點：(1)require意為要求，表示要求所必需的東西；法律.協(xié)議.規(guī)章以及其他客 觀情況的要求。如：If you are required to do or have something, a law or rule says you must do it or have it.(2)request(to ask for sth. officially)意為“請求，表示”有禮貌的請求；正式的 請求”。(3)demand(to ask for something very firmly , especially because you think you have a right to

10、do this)意為要求，表示有正當(dāng)權(quán)利的要求”，因此含有 “堅決或強烈要求”的意思。5 4) require和demand都可以表示需要”的意思，而request無此用法。如： This sport demands patience and strength.這項運動需要耐力和體力。 The matter requires careful handling.這件事情需要謹(jǐn)慎處理。6 5) require/request sb. to dobe required/requested to do ;demand to do;demand sb. to do(x)require +動名詞時，主動形

11、式的動名詞具有被動意義，而demand # request 無此種用法。如：My car requires ( = wants/needs) repairing.我的需要修理。相同點：demand , require和request都可以接that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，并且從句中的謂 語動詞要用Should +動詞原形”形式，其中Should可以省略?！净顚W(xué)活用】(l)His health requires that- 照他的健康狀況而論，他需要早睡。(2)1 requested them such a noise.我請求他們別這樣喧鬧。(3)The house.這房子需要刷油漆。(4)1 the

12、truth.我要求知道真相。4.demand n.&v.要求；需要；查問(l)demanding adj,要求高的，需要高技能(耐心等)的，費力的；苛求的(2)demand that sb. (should)do sth.要求某人做某事demand to do sth. 要求做某事 demand sth. from/of.向要求，向索取(3) in demand非常需要的；受歡迎的meet/satisfy ones demands 滿足某人的需要(the/a great)demand for對的需求【活學(xué)活用】(1) He demands that everything.=He demands

13、 everything.他要求將一切都告訴他。(2)uWhere are you going ? she.你要去哪里？“她氣勢洶洶地問。(3)Good secretaries are always.好的秘書總是非常需要的。(4)This is a job. So there is skilledworkers.這是一份要求很高的工作。因此很需要技術(shù)熟煉的工人。5 suffer vi.&vt. (to experience physical or mental pain or sth.unpleasant )遭受/經(jīng)歷(痛苦等)；吃苦頭，受損害(l)suffering n. 疼痛，苦難,痛苦(2

14、)suffer from.受之苦，患之病suffer pain/damage/loss/a defeat 遭受痛苦/損害/損失/失敗【活學(xué)活用】(1) Your studies will suffer if you play too much football.(英浮漢) 你要是總踢足球，(2)Do you headaches?你受頭痛的困擾嗎?6 available adj. (of things) that can be used or obtained(指物)可用的 或可得到的；(of people) free to be seen, talked to, etc(指人)可會見的，有空

15、的【活學(xué)活用】from the box office.在售票處可以買到票。(2)in the afternoon.我下1空?！净顚W(xué)活用】(l)We like to read Lu Xuns essays.我們特別喜歡讀魯迅的文 章。(2)He is very food,他吃東西特別挑剔。V.短語學(xué)習(xí)1 in particular (二 especially)尤其，特別be particular about/over sth.對某事挑剔；對某物講究2 pass by (sb./sth.)to go past a person, place, vehicle, etc.經(jīng)過 (l)passerby

16、 n.過踣者(復(fù)數(shù) passersby)(2)pass away 去世(委婉的說法)pass sth. down (from sb. to sb.)把往下傳，傳給后人pass sth. on (to sb.)把某物傳給(某人)【活學(xué)活用】1 1) Somebody asked me the way to the square.一個過踣人向我打聽去廣場的路。2 2) Please the other students.請把口信傳給其他的同學(xué)。3 take sb./sth. for granted視某人/某事為當(dāng)然take it for granted that. (to believe that

17、 sth. is true without making sure) 理所當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為【活學(xué)活用】(l)Donl.不要把他的幫助視為理所當(dāng)然。(2)1 that youd want to come with us, so I bought youa ticket.我理所當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為你想和我們一起去，所以給你買了一張票。4 take up占據(jù)(時間/空間)；開始從事(愛好或工作)；接受(挑戰(zhàn)等)；繼續(xù)講A故; 站好位置以備take back承認(rèn)說了錯話；收回某言語；退回takedown記下take in欺騙/蒙騙；吸入；收留；領(lǐng)會，理解take on呈現(xiàn)(某種性質(zhì)、樣子等)；雇用；接受(工作)；承擔(dān)

18、(責(zé)任等)【活學(xué)活用】1.根據(jù)語境選擇take up合適的意義a fill or occupy (the specified space or time)b to become interested in a new activity and to spend time doing itc.to start a new job or have a new responsibilityd. to accept an offer, or a challengee. to move to the exact place where you should be, so that you are rea

19、dy to do sth.f. to continue a story or activity that you or somebody else has begun, after a short break(1) When did you take up gardening? _(2) The little time I had outside of school was taken up with work. _(3) Rick took up the challenge and cycled the 250mile route alone.(4) Vil take up the stor

20、y where you left off. _(5) Peter will take up the management of the finance department. _ (6)The runners are taking up their positions on the starting line. _2 .根據(jù)語境用take短語的適當(dāng)形式填空(1) Her face a fierce expression.(2) Dont too much workthe extra cash isnt worth it.(3) Youd better that remark!(4) He hi

21、s first teaching post in 1990.3 .單項填空The crazy fans of Jay Chou arrived at his concert hall two hours earlier to the front row seats.A take out B . take off C take on D take up【解析】D本題考查動詞短語辨析。take up意為占據(jù)(位置)，占用(時間); take out意為“帶出去，領(lǐng)取；take on意為呈現(xiàn)，承擔(dān)，聘用，接納”； take off意為起飛，脫下，休假。句意為：周杰倫的歌迷提前兩個小時到達(dá)演唱會 現(xiàn)場

22、，是為了占前排的座位。5 live on以某物為食；靠生活；繼續(xù)生活或存在live up to符合(標(biāo)準(zhǔn))；不負(fù)(盛名)；行(諾言)live by doing sth.靠做某事為生【活學(xué)活用】(1) Mozart is dead but his music.莫扎特人已作古，但他的音樂作品卻萬世流傳。(2)My salary isnt enough for us,我的薪水不夠我們生活。(3)He failed to his parents expectations/his principles.他辜負(fù)了父母的期望/沒有遵守自己的原則。6 call out要求某人來，召喚出動(尤指處理緊急情況)；

23、大聲說出(l)call by/round順路拜訪，短暫地訪問call at a place 訪問某地call on sb.拜訪某人(2)call for sb./sth.去接某人；需要，要求call on/upon sb. to do sth.遨請某人講話等；號召或促使某人做某事call in 看來，叫來；請來幫忙callsb./sthup給某人打電話/使回憶起、使想起某物【注意事項】call的短語較多，也很容易混淆，請根據(jù)下面的例句及其短語的英語解釋體會其含義，并掌握用法。(1) The army has been called out to help fight fires.軍隊已經(jīng)被派出

24、協(xié)助滅火。(to ask sb. to come, especially to an emergency)(2) The situation calls for prompt action.形勢所迫，必須立即采取行動。 (require, demand or need sth.)(3) I now call upon the chairman to address the meeting.我現(xiàn)在邀請主席向 大會致辭。(t。formally invite or ask sb. to speak, etc.)(4) So I call on all to help those who are su

25、ffering.所以我號召所有的人來幫助 那些正在受苦的人。(to appeal to or urge sb. to do sth.)(5) We must call in a doctor.我們必須請位醫(yī)生。(to ask for the services of sb.)【活學(xué)活用】1 根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子(l)She to her father for help,她大聲向她爸爸喊救命。(2)I .句型學(xué)習(xí)Sometimes drivers give him a tip, so that he has just enough money to live on.有時候司機(jī)們給他一點小費，使他能

26、夠維持生活。句型公式 名詞+ to d。，不定式作后置定語修飾名詞【注意事項】(1)不定式作定語時，與其所修飾的詞之間在邏輯上有動賓關(guān)系、主謂關(guān)系等。 試比較： He needs a room to live加(動賓關(guān)系)他需要有一間房子住, He is always the first to come and the last to leave.(主謂關(guān)系)他總是第一 個來，最后一個走。of the road signs so as not to get lost.A pride B care C notice D charge 【解析】c take notice of留意，注意到3 Old

27、 memories are often when you hear a particular song or a piece of music.A. called in B. called on C. called forD. called upH you at 7 oclock.8 7 點鐘到你家接你。(3)Ive been promoted.-This a8加匕*1。!1/我升職了?！?”那得慶祝一下!”(4)The sound of happy laughter memories of his childhood.這歡笑聲使他回憶起了童年時代的情景。2 .單項填空HI and see m

28、y mother on my way home.A. call onB. call out C. call atD. call by【解析】D句意為：我要在回家的路上順便看看我的媽媽。A、C、D三頊都可以表 示拜訪，call on和call at分別要加入和地點名詞作賓語，call by則不能加賓語, 因此D正確。The meeting to be held tomorrow is about quality education.（不定式的被 動語態(tài)表示將來的被動動作）明天要開的會是關(guān)于素質(zhì)教育的。Q）當(dāng)不定式和所修飾的名詞是動賓關(guān)系時，不及物動詞后面的介詞不能遺漏。I need a room

29、 to put all my things in.我需要一個房間把我所有的東西都放進(jìn) 去?！净顚W(xué)活用】1 根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子John is a pleasant fellow約翰是一個容易相處的好伙 伴。2 .單項填空I would like to buy an expensive camera.Well z we have several models.A to choose from B to choose C . to be chosen D for choice【解析】A B、C兩項有較大干擾性。根據(jù)上文buy an expensive camera可 以得知導(dǎo)購在此讓“我從seve

30、ral models中選一款。to choose from 在此意為 to choose one from several models。本句中 to choose from 似乎沒有邏輯主語， 然而本句相當(dāng)于 We have several models for you to choose fromo 口 .選詞填空live on , apply for, pass by , in particular # in response to1. I like many science subjects and physics is my favorite.2. You cant your par

31、ents since you are grown up.3. The man hid behind a tree, ready to attack whoever might.4. I am writing your letter of June 1st.5. Many college graduates would like to a job as a teacher,m ,單項填空1 . 2010湖北卷Had she her promise , she would have made it toYale University.A . looked up to B . lived up to

32、 C . kept up with D come up with 【解析】B本題考查動詞短語辨析。這里是虛擬語氣，句意為：如果她履行她的諾言 的話，她就在耶魯大學(xué)讀書了。look up to表示尊敬；live up to實踐，遵守，不 辜負(fù)；keep up with 跟上；come up with 提出（辦法）。2 When getting around in a new city alone, you should take particular【解析】D本題考查動詞短語辨析。call up使回想起，符合語境。call in看來，請 來；call on拜訪，號召;call for需要,要求。

33、4 The air is deadly polluted because some factories dont therules to protect the environment.A appreciate B regard C honor D respect【解析】D本題考鮑詞辨析。respect除表示對某人的意見、行為、品德及才 華等的萼重”外，還表示“遵守某事物。appreciate強調(diào)理解并欣貫其價值； regard指十分尊重，并含有“愛戴之意；honor指公開表示尊重。由題意 可知，空G極嚴(yán)重污染是由于一些工廠沒有遵守保護(hù)環(huán)境的制度，故選D。5 I am sick and tired of my husband me for granted!A keeping B . making C