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1、;.電大開(kāi)放英語(yǔ)1考試小抄交際用語(yǔ)1. The shower isnt working.Ill call the plumber.2. What do you do?I am a policeman.3. What would you like.An orange juice, please.4. What is she doing right. NowShe is talking to Mary.5. Hello. Im David Manning. Nice to me you.Nice to meet you, too. Im Xiaoyan.詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)1. He works at a
2、school.2. I usually get up at 7 oclock in the morning.3. The Business Banking Department is on the second floor.4. David is the only accountant in my fathers company.5. Mr Green is now on a holiday.6. Have you got any family?7. Mark is responsible for the international market.8. Her name is Clair.9.
3、 I am planning a new marketing campaign at the moment.10. Polly enjoys playing the guitar in a band in her free time.11. There are three plants in the office.12. He works in the Finance Department of a large company.13. What does “nr” mean?14. I sometimes go to the pub on Friday.15. These people are
4、 my friends. Those people are my husbands friends.16. He lives in New York City. His parents live in Dallas.17. My husband doesnt like shopping. But I like it very much.18. Where do your parents live?19. Im a university student.20. How much does the flat cost a month?翻譯1. Whats the time?it is a quar
5、ter past seven。(七點(diǎn)一刻)2. I work from 8 am to 3pm. (從早上八點(diǎn)到下午三點(diǎn))3. Her husband works in insurance.(在保險(xiǎn)行業(yè)工作)4. How about going to an estate agent?yes, thats a good idea.(是個(gè)好主意)5. Why dont you (你為什么不)go and talk to them face to face?翻譯成漢語(yǔ)1. What about playing football tomorrow afternoon?明天下午去踢球怎么樣???2. I
6、am looking for a flat on the ground floor.我正在找一個(gè)在一樓的公寓。3. Do you like reading English newspapers?你喜歡閱讀英語(yǔ)報(bào)紙嗎?4. He isnt a programmer. He is an engineer.他不是一名程序員,他是一名工程師。5. She is talking to a customer right now.她現(xiàn)在和客戶在談話。交際用語(yǔ)1. How do I get to the airport, please?You can take the tube.2. What does yo
7、ur English teacher look like?shes tall and has long, wavy hair.3. Whats the weather like in this area?its rainy.4. Would you like to go with us?Id love to.5. Excuse me, where is the nearest bank, please?Its next to the newsagent.詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)1. What is Singapore like?its small and well organised.2. How many
8、 oranges would you like to buy3. I dont need any coffee, thanks.4. How much rice do you want to buy?5. I dont need to buy any wine6. It is raining heavily here at this moment.7. I havent got a car. Neither have I.8. He can speak good English.9. What about Wednesday evening? Sorry, Im too busy then.1
9、0. Im interested in cooking.11. It often snows in winter in the north of China.12. Would you like to come to dinner tonight?13. I dont need any mineral water, but Id like some tea, thanks.14. I am not keen on sports.15. You can paint the walls and put up posters. You can do what you want.16. I prefe
10、r watching TV. So do I.17. How much dose it cost by bus?18. The area is too dirty. Yes, I agree. Its not clean enough.19. He goes to work on foot but comes back home by taxi.20. How about taking a taxi?翻譯1. What is the weather like today? (今天天氣如何?) its very cold.2. The living room is not comfortable
11、 enough .(不夠舒服).3. The bank is opposite the supermarket. (在超市對(duì)面).4. Can I speak to Jane, please? Im sorry shes not in. Would you like to leave a message? (您要留言嗎)?5. Tom is not good at (不擅長(zhǎng)) playing football.將下列句子翻譯成漢語(yǔ)。1. She doesnt like borrowing things from others.她不喜歡向別人那里借東西。2. London is busy, no
12、isy, crowded and exciting, But its too expensive.倫敦是一個(gè)繁華的,吵鬧的,擁擠的,令人興奮的城市。但消費(fèi)很高。3. I go to a gym twice a week with my friends. We swim and work out there.我和我的朋友每周去體育館2次,我們?cè)谀抢镉斡竞妥銎渌\(yùn)動(dòng)。4. Hes got shore, brown wavy hair with blue eyes and a short beard.他一頭短短的棕色卷發(fā)和藍(lán)色的眼睛,留著短胡須。5. It takes forty minutes t
13、o get from the airport to the city center by taxi.從機(jī)場(chǎng)到城市中心坐出租車大約需要40分鐘。交際用語(yǔ)1. Excuse me, how do I get to the gym , please? You take the number 866 bus from the supermarket.2. Whats the matter with you? Ive got a bad cough.3. Why dont we write the invitations now . Thats a good idea.4. What time does
14、 the train leave? At half past five.5. How long does it take from Beijing to London by plane? Its takes about 7 hours.詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)1、 Are there any classes in the evenings?2、 Which is longer , the Yangtze River or the Yellow River?3、 Im making a list of things to buy.4、 Rose is experienced at training.5、 Sh
15、e is making herself a cup of coffee,6、 When are you leaving London for Paris?7、 I think there will be 50 people at tomorrows party.8、 Carlos has to serve the drinks and take the orders.9、 Hurry up. We dont have enough time.10、 Ill give the man the book.11、 I am not feeling very well. I need to see t
16、he doctor.12、 How are you feeling?I am feeling really ill.13、 Was Chris worried about the presentation last week?14、 I dont like London. It is different from Beijing.15、 Why dont we prepare everything today?16、 I have an English class three times a week.17、 Chris usually go to the gym at the weekend
17、.18、 You should go to bed and sleep.19、 Which of these two books do you prefer?20、 Im bad at spelling. But Jane is worse than me.翻譯1、 Are you free(你有空嗎) on Saturday?Im afraid not. I have to go to the English classes on Saturday2、 What does he look like? (他長(zhǎng)什么樣兒)Hes very tall with blue eyes and short
18、 beard.3、 Im not feeling well. I think Ive got a cold.(我得了感冒)。4、 David Smith isnt good at (不擅長(zhǎng)) wed management. 5、 What do you feel today (你今天感覺(jué)如何?) I feel very tired. I was very late last night. 將下列句子翻譯成漢語(yǔ)How many days did you stay in Beijing? 你在北京呆幾天了?The month after next. I do two gym sessionsa w
19、eek. 再下個(gè)月,我每周練兩次體操。He is good at web-design, much better than her. 他擅長(zhǎng)網(wǎng)頁(yè)設(shè)計(jì),比她強(qiáng)多了。We have too much cheese in the fridge.我們有很多奶酪在冰箱里。I feel terrible. Ive got a headache, backache and a sore throat.我感覺(jué)非常難受,感覺(jué)頭疼、背疼、嗓子疼。交際用語(yǔ)1. What do your parents do? My father is a manager. My mother is a murse. 2. Can
20、I help you? Yes, Id like some apples, please.3. Hello, Linda, how are you? Very well, thank you . Are you good. 4. What does her boyfriend look like? He is quite tall with fair curly hair.5. Could you ring them up please? Im sometimes quite nervous on the phone. Yes, of course. I will phone them for
21、 you.詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)1. Im a deputy manager. I work about an IT company. 2. What is your job? Im an accountant.3. Who is that man over there? Do you know his name? 4. This is his bock. Could you give it to him? 5. How much yine do you need for the party? 6. Would you like a drink? Wine? Beer?7. How do I get to
22、 the gym?8. Id like to invite you to a party this Saturday.9. I like documentaries on TV. So do I.10. The Business Banking Department is on the second floor.11. The shop closes at six every day.12. He is a good student. He always comes early. 13. Whats wrong with your clock?14. Pandas and monkeys ar
23、e not . dangerous animals.15. Is your father reading a book or watching TV?16. We often have our supper at home.17. What was the meeting like? It was very exciting.18. Im interested in cooking.19. There are four children in the picture.20. This watch is as expensive as that one.翻譯1. Could yu ask him
24、 to call me before seven(在7點(diǎn)前給我打電話) this evening.2. Shanghai is fast and exotic, dont you think so? Yes, but it is not as exciting as London (不如倫敦那樣令人興奮).3. Who is responsible for (誰(shuí)負(fù)責(zé)) advertising.4. Whats the matter? Im not feeling well (我感覺(jué)不舒服). Ive got a toothache.5. Which of these two do you pr
25、efer (你更喜歡)? I prefer the green one.翻譯成漢語(yǔ)1. He is not very tall and wears glasses.他個(gè)子不是很高,戴著一副眼鏡。2. I dont like the flat. It is too near the road.我不喜歡這個(gè)公寓,它離鐵路太近。3. How about playing football tomorrow afternoon?明天下午去踢球怎么樣?4. The bank is on the corner. Its opposite the newsagent.銀行在拐角處,在報(bào)攤的對(duì)面。5. Jane
26、(簡(jiǎn)) is better at web-design than Mary(瑪麗), but Mary is more experienced at training.簡(jiǎn)比瑪麗更擅長(zhǎng)于網(wǎng)頁(yè)設(shè)計(jì),但瑪麗在培訓(xùn)方面更有經(jīng)驗(yàn)。復(fù)習(xí)自測(cè)題(3) 閱讀理解一、閱讀下列短文,從A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)正確答案。短文一1Helens husband is mark. . mark and Helen have got two children: a son and a daughter . The sons name is Andrew and the daughters name is Joyce .
27、 Joyce has got two children , a son and a daughter . So Helen and Mark have got two grandchildren . Helens granddaughters name is Pam and grandsons name is Dan . Andrew isnt married and he hasnt got any children . Pam and Dan like playing on the computer with their uncle . Andrew also likes playing
28、football with his brother-in-law , Tom1、 Who is Andrew? Andrew is Dans uncle2、 Who is Mark? Mark is Dans grandfather3、 Who is Tom? Tom is Dans uncle4、 Who is Joyce? Joyce is Toms wife5、 Who is Pam? Pam is Andrews niece 短文一2Betty is from Italy. Now she lives in Edinburgh (愛(ài)丁堡) . But her parents still
29、 live in Italy. She is 25 years old. She is a teacher. She works in a high school in Edinburgh. She teaches science (科學(xué)) and she likes her work. Most of her students are 15 or 16 years old. They all like her. They think she is a great teacher and a beautiful girl with long golden hair. Betty has a b
30、oyfriend. His name is Ray. He is British. He is 30 years old. He likes books and music. He can play the piano very well. He is in IT. He works very hard. But he does not like his job. 6、 Bettys parents live in Roma . Doesnt say7、 Betty has long beautiful hair. right8、 Ray likes his joy Wrong9、 Both
31、Betty and Ray like traveling Right10、 Ray likes staying at home Doesnt say短文二1In Britain the weather is very changeable(多變的). It often rains, but the sun sometimes shines too. The winters are quite cold, with an average(平均的) temperature of 5 degrees. It is colder(更冷) in the north of England and it o
32、ften snows there, but in London it doesnt often snow. The summers are sometimes cool and sometimes warm, but the temperature doesnt usually go above 30 degrees.It is often cloudy and there are sometimes grey(灰色的) skies for days or weeks. Foreigners think it is always foggy in England, but in fact(事實(shí)
33、上) it is not often foggy now.1. It often rains in Britain.2.The average temperature of Britain is 5 degrees in _ winter _ 3. It is sometimes warm in summer in England. 4. It is often cloudy in England.
34、5. It is often cloudy in England短文二2It is Sunday morning . Johns just sitting around and doing nothing . He hates it . He doesnt like spending Sundays at home . He likes going out . He likes doing things . He likes playing sports . He enjoys dancing and he loves going to the gym . He sometimes says
35、at the gym all moring . But his wife doesnt like going out . She enjoys watching TV at home . She is watching TV right now . She is watching TV in their bedroom . Theyve got a big TV there . But John never watches it . He hates watching TV1、 John and his wife live in a big house . Doesnt say2、 John
36、is keen on sports . Right3、 John doesnt like watching TV Right4、 Both John and his wife enjoy going out Wrong5、 John is at home and his wife is at the gym now Wrong短文三1Hi xiaoyan,You want to know about my gym.The gym is “New You” . The phone number is 0207911340 . Its near Oxford Circus . Theres a s
37、wimming pool and there are a lot of classes . There is a yoga class on Tuesday morning (I go to it) and there are aerobics classes every evening . There is also a Tai Chi class . I dont know when . There are lots of running machines and weights machines , but there arent any bicycles . Theres a saun
38、a , but there isnt a steam room and there are very nice showers and free cosmerics!See you there?Jan1、Jan goes to yoga class on Tuesday morning2、There are a lot of classes in the gym3、There is the aerobics class in the gym in the evening4、There is a sauna in the gym5、The cosmetics is free in the gym
39、短文三2Kathy lives in Sydney(悉尼) . She works in an office and she is a secretary . She begins work at nine every day . She is always on time for work . In fact , she is often early . She is never late ., and she is never sick . Kathy usually types letters and answers the telephone . She sometimes files
40、(把文件歸檔) and makes copies(復(fù)印文件) . She seldom makes mistakes (出錯(cuò)) when she types or files , She always answers the phone politly(禮貌地) . She has lunch from 12.30 am to 1.30 pm , and she finishes work at 5.00 pm . In the evening sometimes she goes out with her friends . Sometimes she stays at home watch
41、ing TV .She doesnt work on the weenkend . On Saturday , she cleans the house , does housework and goes shop ping . On Sunday she relaxes or goes to the cinema31、Kathy is never late for work . Right32、Kathy types very fast Dosent say33、In the afternoon Kathy starts work at 1.30 Right34、In the evening
42、 , Kathey always stays at home watching TV Wrong35、Katy never does any work on Sunday Doest say短文四1The permanent employees get a salary every month, but because I am temporary I get my wages in cash every week. I dont get a lot of money, because I am a waiterbut the customers often give me tips. I a
43、m friendly to my customers because I hope they will be generous. Because I am temporary, I only get £6 an hour, and I don't get money when I don't work. I want to go to Italy to see my parents. But I haven't got enough money and I don't get holiday pay. It's a pity. Also, I
44、don't get sick pay when I am ill. But I can work extra hours. I often do overtime at the weekend if the restaurant is busy. At Christmas the boss gives us extra moneya bonus. 1. How often do temporary employees get their pay? Every week.2. “Tip” is closest in meaning (意義) to _ money for good ser
45、vice _. 3What does the writer do? He serves customers in a restaurant4. The writer _ often works on Saturdays and Sundays _5. The writer doesnt have enough money to _ see his parents in Italy _短文四2In schools all over the world, boys and girls are learning foreign languages. Everyone knows his own la
46、nguage, but another one is very useful especially(尤其) when you travel to other countries. If you go to France, you should be able to speak French, and in Germany, people will expect you to understand German. How many languages are there in the world? There are about fifty hundred, but a lot of them
47、are not very important. English is one of the most important because so many people use it, not only in England and America but also in other parts of the world. About 200,000,000 people speak it as a second language. It is difficult to say how many people are learning it. Many millions of schoolboy
48、s and schoolgirls are trying to do so.31、learning foreign languages is very useful. Right32、There are about 1,5oo languages in the world Wrong33、A lot of languages in the world are very important . Wrong34、People in Brazil(巴西)also apeak English . Dosent say.35、About 200,000,000 people are learning E
49、nglish , Wrong請(qǐng)您刪除一下內(nèi)容,O(_)O謝謝!2016年中央電大期末復(fù)習(xí)考試小抄大全,電大期末考試必備小抄,電大考試必過(guò)小抄Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter released from nerve endings (terminals) in both the peripheral and the central nervous systems. It is synthesized within the nerve terminal from choline, taken up from the tissue fluid into the
50、nerve ending by a specialized transport mechanism. The enzyme necessary for this synthesis is formed in the nerve cell body and passes down the axon to its end, carried in the axoplasmic flow, the slow movement of intracellular substance (cytoplasm). Acetylcholine is stored in the nerve terminal, se
51、questered in small vesicles awaiting release. When a nerve action potential reaches and invades the nerve terminal, a shower of acetylcholine vesicles is released into the junction (synapse) between the nerve terminal and the effector cell which the nerve activates. This may be another nerve cell or
52、 a muscle or gland cell. Thus electrical signals are converted to chemical signals, allowing messages to be passed between nerve cells or between nerve cells and non-nerve cells. This process is termed chemical neurotransmission and was first demonstrated, for nerves to the heart, by the German phar
53、macologist Loewi in 1921. Chemical transmission involving acetylcholine is known as cholinergic. Acetylcholine acts as a transmitter between motor nerves and the fibres of skeletal muscle at all neuromuscular junctions. At this type of synapse, the nerve terminal is closely apposed to the cell membr
54、ane of a muscle fibre at the so-called motor end plate. On release, acetylcholine acts almost instantly, to cause a sequence of chemical and physical events (starting with depolarization of the motor endplate) which cause contraction of the muscle fibre. This is exactly what is required for voluntar
55、y muscles in which a rapid response to a command is required. The action of acetylcholine is terminated rapidly, in around 10 milliseconds; an enzyme (cholinesterase) breaks the transmitter down into choline and an acetate ion. The choline is then available for re-uptake into the nerve terminal. The
56、se same principles apply to cholinergic transmission at sites other than neuromuscular junctions, although the structure of the synapses differs. In the autonomic nervous system these include nerve-to-nerve synapses at the relay stations (ganglia) in both the sympathetic and the parasympathetic divisions, and the endings of parasympathetic nerve fibres on non-voluntary (smooth) muscle, the heart, and glandular cells; in re
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