美國社會與文化復(fù)習(xí)題

1、US Overall View of AmericaI Fill in the blanks.1. Since the time of independence of the United States, 48 continental states were added.2. Two states are separated from the continental US, that is Hawaii in the Pacific Ocean and Alaska to the northwest of Canada.3. In the US, there are 4 time zones

2、form the east to west.4. “WASP stands for White Anglo-Saxon Protestant5. Among the Great Lakes, Lake Michigan is the only one entirely in the United States.6. Washington, D.C is named after George Washington and Christopher Columbus.7. The country is situated mostly in central North America , with C

3、anada to the north and Mexico to the south, the Pacific Ocean to the west and Atlantic Ocean to the east.8. The federal district of USA is Washington, D.C. and the largest city is New York City.9. Appalachian Mountains are in the eastern part and the Rocky Mountains are in the western part.II Choose

4、 the most appropriate answer to each question or statement.1. How many continental states were there at the time of independence of the US?A. 35 B. 48 C. 13D.502. Which of the following was the last continental state added to the Union?A. KentuckyB. ArizonaC. PennsylvaniaD. Alaska3. Which of the fol

5、lowing description of uniformity of American culture is not true?A. People in general share the same ideas, ideals and objectivesB. There is no real regional or class variety in speech of usage of English.C. There is not much really distinctive regional architecture or cookeryD. Generally speaking p

6、eople have the same ethnic background.4. Which states are geographically separated from the American continent?A Hawaii and Alaska.B Hawaii and ArizonaC Arizona and AlaskaD Alaska and New York5. The biggest city in the US is.A. Los AngelsB. New YorkC. ChicagoD. San Francisco6. Which two lakes consis

7、t of Niagara Falls?A. Lakes Superior and Michigan B. Michigan and HuronC. Huron and ErieD. Erie and Ontario7. What are the five famous symbols of American culture?A. Barbie Doll, American Gothic, Buffalo Nickel, Uncle Sam, The Statueof LibertyB. Uncle Sam, The Statue of Liberty , Coca-cola, Barbie D

8、oll, American GothicC. American Gothic, Buffalo Nickel, Uncle Sam, Coca-cola, The Statue of LibertyD. Coca-cola, Barbie Doll, Buffalo Nickel, Uncle Sam, The Statue of Liberty8. What are the national rose and tree of US?A. rose and palm B. rose and oak C. tulip and oak D. tulip and palmIII Judge whet

9、her each statement is true(T) or false(F).1. (T) Hawaii became the 50 th states of the United States in the 1948.2. (F) The largest of the racial and ethnic minorities in the US is the Hispanics.3. (F) The Grand Canyon is located in the state of Colorado.4. (T) The first thirteen states of the Unite

10、d States mainly located along the eastern seaboard5. (T) Arizona was the last continental state which joined the Union in the 1912.6. (T) Hollywood located in Los Angels.1. Find the nicknames of the following States in the USA.Arkansas: Land of OpportunityCalifornia: Golden StateColorado: Centennial

11、 StateFlorida: Sunshine StateHawaii: Aloha StateAlaska: Land of Midnight Sun; the Last Frontier ； Peninsula State Massachusetts: Old Colony State ； Bay StateV Explain each item in your own words2. diversity of the peopleIt refers to the different origins of the immigrants (different ethnic backgroun

12、ds) and the differences between the first generation of immigrants and long-established Americans.3. Manhattan IslandIt is south-east part of New York City .It is the center of the City and includes things that are famous to the world:Wall Street, Fifth Avenue, Broadway , the Empire State Building,

13、Rockefeller Centre, the United Nations Building, Central Park, Harlem and so onVI Questions for short answers1. Which was the “ mother country ”?The UK was considered as the mother country of the original thirteen colonies in North America.2. Why does Manhattan Island include everything that most pe

14、ople thinkof when they say “ New York ”?Because famous places like Wall Street, Fifth Avenue, Broadway , the Empire State Building, Rockefeller Centre, Central Park, Harlem and so on are on this island.Chapter 2 American History 2014II Questions and Answers on the T ext1. Who was Christopher Columbu

15、s?He was a mariner from Italy who voyaged to North America.2. When did Columbus set sail?In 1492.3. Where and when was the first English colony founded?At Jamestown, Virginia, in 1607.4. How did the early colonists in Virginia manage to earn money?They discovered a way to earn money by growing tobac

16、co.5. Who established several settlements in New England?English Puritans.6. When did the Pilgrims cross the Atlantic in the ship Mayflower? In 1620.7. How many colonies had English settlers occupied by 1733? Thirteen8. In colonial time, which act ruled that special tax stamps to be attached to all

17、newspapers?The stamp Act9. How did a group of patriots in 1773The Second Continental Congress1. After the first shot of the American War of independence was fired at Lexington on April 19,1775, the Second Continental Congress met in Philadelphia in May 1775.2. It began to assume the functions of a n

18、ational government. It founded a Continental Army and Navy under the command of George Washington, and began to print paper money and opened diplomatic relations with foreign powers. It adopted on July 4, 1776 the Declaration of Independence which was drafted by Thomas Jefferson.The Bill of Rights1.

19、 In order to insure individual liberties, ten amendments the bill of Rights were added to the Constitution in 17912. It guaranteed freedom of religion, a free press, free speech, the right of citizens to bear arms, protection against illegal house searches, the right to a fair trial by jury and pr o

20、tection against“ cruel and unusual punishments”The Emancipation Proclamation1. After the Civil War began, Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation on January1, 1863 to win more support at home and abroad.2. It granted freedom to all slaves in areas still controlled by the Confederacy.Reconstruct

21、ion1. After the Civil War , the US Congress put forward the program of Reconstruction, or reform, of the Southern states.2. The program was bitterly opposed by most Southern whites3. It ended in 1877, when new constitutions had been ratified in all southern states and all federal troops were withdra

22、wn from the south.The Ku Klux Klan1. After the Civil War , some southern whites formed the Ku Klux Klan.2. It was a violent secret society that hoped to protect white interests and advantages by terrorizing blacks and preventing them from making social advances.3. By 1872, the federal government had

23、 suppressed the Klan, but it revived several times in later history .Franklin D. Roosevelt1. A former Democrat governor of New York state, he was elected president in 1932.2. Within the historic“ Hundred Days ” , he launched the New Deal program to deal withthe Depression3. He explained his politics

24、 to the public in a series Depression, many Americans considered him as one of the most respected presidents in American history.The Social Security Act1. As part of the New Deal program, the Social Security Act was passed in 1935.2. It established contributory old- age and survivors pensions and a

25、joint feder-asltate program of unemployment insurance.American HolidayI choose the correct answer.1. Thanksgiving Day dates back to 1621, the year after arrived in Massachusetts.A. the BritishB. the DutchC. The CatholicsD. the Puritans2. The egg and the bunny are symbols for .A. Christmas DayB. Vale

26、ntine s DayC. Easter SundayD. Halloween3. is a religious holiday in the US.A. New Year s DayB. Martin Luther King s DayC. Valentine s DayD. Easter Sunday4. Halloween is on .A. the last Friday of OctoberB. the last Sunday of OctoberC. October 30D. October 315. America s Independence Day is on .A June

27、 4B. June 14C July 4D. July 146. Costumes and masks are worn by American people on .A. New Year s DayB. ChristmasC. Memorial DayD. HalloweenII Find the exact signals or descriptions of each holidays respectively.Valentine's Day: a festival of romance and affection by exchanging tokens of loveSt.

28、 Patrick's Day : Be sure to wear greenEaster: In Christian countries it is celebrated as a religious holiday commemorating the resurrection of Jesus Christ,April Fools' Day: Play a clever (but harmless) trick or tell a joke to someone with a good sense of humorMothers' Day: carnationColu

29、mbus Day: It commemorates the discovery of America by Christopher ColumbusHalloween:“ Trick or treat ”Thanksgiving Day: turkey Christmas: Santa Claus and his reindeersII Definition:Thanksgiving Day:It is the fourth Thursday in November , celebrates the first harvest of the Pilgrims after they surviv

30、ed their first winter in the new world. The theme has always been peace and plenty .Independence Day:On July 4th, celebrates the birthday of the U.S. with the signing of the Declaration of Independence.Thanksgiving Day:The fourth Thursday in November , Celebrating a Harvest of tradition. The theme h

31、as always been peace and plenty .Christmas:December25 ,a joyful religious holiday when Christians celebrate the birth of Jesus ChristSanta Claus: -in folklore, a fat, bearded old man in a red suit who lives at the North Pole and brings children presents at Christmas;III True or False1. (F) Americans

32、 observe the Labor Day on the same day as the Chinese.2. (F) On New Years Eve, Americans usually stay at home and enjoy a family reunion.IV Answer the following question1. What is the origin of Thanksgiving Day?US EducationI Fill in the blanks.1. Education in the United States is provided mainly by

33、government, with control and funding coming from three levels:federal, state, and local.4. American educational system gives it students three kind of courses. They are general education courses, required courses and elective .5. Most American attend twelve years of primary and secondary school , wi

34、th asecondary schooldiploma or certificate, a student can enter college or university.6. Study at college or university leading to the Bachelor 's Degree is known as undergraduate education . Study beyond the Bachelor 's Degree is known as graduate school or postgraduate education .7. Histor

35、ically , higher education in the US was the way for an individual to enter a profession .II Choose the most appropriate answer to each question or statement.1. The first American leader who suggested creating a system of free schools for all persons that would be publicly supported through taxes was

36、A. George WashingtonB. Thomas JeffersonC. John AdamsD. James Madison2. The national system of formal education in the United States differs from education systems of other Western counties in .A. educational institutions are primarily governed by federal ones.B. American education put emphasis on hi

37、gh educationC. People who receive formal education constitute relatively small percentageD. The United States has no national system or national curriculum3. All of the following is true about American education EXCEPT .A. Most Children begin elementary education with kindergarten and finish seconda

38、ryeducation with twelfth gradeB. Unlike most other industrialized countries, the US does not have a centralized educational system on the national scale.C. Junior high school usually includes grades six and eight.D. Schooling is compulsory for all children in the US, and the age for which school att

39、endance is required is the same in all states.4. Which of the following is true about the difference between private and public schools?A. Private schools are schools that are provided by federal funding while public schools are provided by state funding.B. Attending public school is compulsory whil

40、e attending private school is of personal choice.C. Attending private school demands families pay tuition while public schools are free.D. Only public school could lead to the undergraduate education.5. Elementary and secondary education in the US covers years.A. 9B. 11C. 12D. 146. Higher education

41、in the US began with founding of in 1636.A. Harvard UniversityB. Harvard CollegeC. William and Mary CollegeD. Stanford University7. Which of the following is unlikely to provide graduated studies?A. A state universityB. An institute of technologyC. A professional schoolD. A technical institute8. Stu

42、dents who want to study laws in the US must first obtain a .A. high school diplomaB. bachelor s degreeC. coeducationalD. publicly supported by taxesIII Judge whether each statement is true(T) or false(F).1. (T) In the colonial period, instruction of religion was common in both schools andcolleges in

43、 America, and education was still a luxury instead of priority.2. (F) School curricula, funding, teaching, and other policies are all set by the federalgovernment.3. (T)Higher education in the US has now become a right rather than privilege.4. (T)The ideal of equality of opportunity is fully realize

44、d in education in the US.5. (T)American schools stress cultivating students independent thinkingrather thanthe memorization of facts.6. (T) Special professions such as medicine, law, or public school administration inthe US require graduate degrees.7. (F) American public schools are supported by tax

45、es and controlled by the federalgovernment.8. (T)The philosophy of pragmatism is a guiding principle of the American education practice.V Explain each item in your own wordsIvy League including 8 universities, namely Brown University , Columbia University , Cornell University , Dartmouth College, Ha

46、rvard University , University of Pennsylvania, Princeton University , Yale UniversityCommunity college : community college offers a variety of certificates and two-year associate degree programs. Community colleges are public institutions supported in large part by government funding and taxes.VI Qu

47、estions for short answers1. What will entitle American students to get the acceptance of college and university1) the conditions of application for a college education:2) student s high school records3) recommendation from their high school teachers4) the impression they make during interview at the

48、 university5) their scores on the Scholastic Aptitude T ests (SATs)2. Name the three principal functions of the system of higher education in the US.They are teaching, research and public service.VII Questions for discussion1. What characteristics of the higher education in America impress you most?

49、2. How are the American values of freedom and democracy reflected in its education system?US Government and PoliticsI Fill in the blanks.leap year, while elections1. The US presidential election is held in November eachfor both Houses are held in November each2. The state executive power is given to

50、 the power is given to the President3. The executive , the legislature the Federal ernor while the federal executiveand the judicial are three branches of4. The US Congress can remove a President by a special kind of political trial called impeachment5. In 1971, a con

51、stitutional amendment set the minimum voting age at186. The 13th Amendment abolished slavery in the United States.7. Congress can override a presidential veto, but to do so, 2/3 of each chamber must vote in favor of the bill.II Choose the most appropriate answer to each question or statement.1 .How

52、many terms was Franklin Roosevelt elected for?A oneB TwoC ThreeD Four2 .How many seats does the House of Representatives have?A 635B 100C 435D 3453 .Who was the first US President resigned from office?A Andrew JohnsonB Richard NixonC Gerald FordD Jimmy Carter5 .The removal of Justices can only be do

53、ne through .A the PresidentB the CongressC impeachmentD the Supreme Court6 . what is the most important weapon in the hand of Supreme Court?A. vetoB. Overriding a vetoC. ImpeachmentD. Judicial review.7. There are currently Supreme Court justices on the bench.A. 7B. 9C. 11D. 138. The role of the Amer

54、ican president includes the following EXCEPT A. command the armed forcesB. negotiate and sign treatiesC. pass lawsD. appoint certain personnel9. Each members of Congress is elected by the people of his or her state. The House of Representatives, with membership based on state populations, has seats.

55、A. 435B. 100C. 50D. 20010. won the presidency four times but died shortly into his last term.A. George WashingtonB. Thomas JeffersonC. Abraham LincolnD. Franklin RooselvtIII Judge whether each statement is true(T) or false(F).1. (T) The supreme law in the US is the Constitution2. (F) The constitutio

56、nal amendment in 1933 outlawed alcoholic liquor , but another amendment allowed it again in 1919.3. (F) The Supreme Court is composed of eight Justices who are appointed for life by the President with the consent of the Senate .4. (T) The basic system of law in US courts has been developed from the

57、English Common Law.5. (F) Most of the bills introduced to Congress can eventually become law.6. (F) For the US, one of the basic principles is socialist democracyV Questions for short answers1. The duty of governors1 to carry out the laws made by the legislative assembly2 to do those things that are necessary for the conduct of government not necessarily based on specific legal powers2. The characteristic of the US Constitution1) Unlike the Articles of Confederation, the Constitution established a stron