2020屆高考英語(yǔ)二輪語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)(連詞)學(xué)案

1、2020;2020 屆高考英語(yǔ)二輪語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案（連詞）連詞分為并列連詞和從屬連詞兩大類。并列連詞是連接主語(yǔ)與主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)，句子與句子，分詞與分詞的詞，它要求前后兩部分有相同的形式和語(yǔ)法作用；而從 屬連詞一般連接主句與從句，從句形式有名詞性從句，定語(yǔ)從句和狀語(yǔ)從句等。（一）并列連詞：并列連詞可用來(lái)連接詞與詞，詞組與詞組，分句與分句。常用的并列連詞有：and（和），as well as （既又），both and （不但而且），not only but also （不但而且），notbut （不是而是），neither nor （既不也不）， eitheror （不是就是），or （或者）,b

2、ut （但是），yet （然而）,for （因?yàn)椋? so （ 所以），while （而），when （這時(shí)）等。如： Both my brother and my sister are teachers./ His room is bright but mine is gloomy（暗沉沉的）./ He cannot only repair radios but also fix them./ It is a glorious（光榮的）yetdifficult task./ Strike while iron is hot.（二）從屬連詞 從屬連詞是指在復(fù)合句中引導(dǎo)從句的連結(jié)詞。常見的從屬連

3、詞有：引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的：after, before, when, as, while, since, until, till, assoon as引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句的：because, since, as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的：although, though, no matter （無(wú)論）, even if （though）引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句的：if, unless, once, so （as） long as引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從何的：so that ，such that 引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句的：so that , in order that 弓I導(dǎo)比較狀語(yǔ)從句的：as as ，not so （as） as

4、 ， than 引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句的：as if 引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)從句的連詞主要有：that, whether, if 三個(gè)。其中that 和whether 間或還可以引起同位從句和狀語(yǔ)從句。(三)某些用法比較特殊的從屬連詞用法區(qū)別1、當(dāng)while, when, as 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從何時(shí)的區(qū)別： while引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中動(dòng) 詞必須是持續(xù)性。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多為進(jìn)行時(shí)，或狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞的一般時(shí)。while 的這些用法可用 when代替，等于 "at the time that ” , “during the time that "。例如： Please keep quiet while

5、 (when) others are studying; when 除可指段時(shí)問(wèn)外，還可用來(lái)指一點(diǎn)時(shí)間，等于 “atthe time ”，也就是說(shuō)when引出的時(shí)間狀 語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以是終止性的，也可以延續(xù)性的。因此主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)可以是一般時(shí)，進(jìn)行時(shí)，或完成時(shí)。例如：When I went into the lab, the teacherwas doing an experiment. (when不能換成 while ) He often makes mistakes when he is speaking English. (when可換成 while ) as 常可與 when,

6、 while 通用， 但強(qiáng)調(diào)“一邊、一邊”。例如：As (when, while) I was walking down the street,I noticed a police car in front of number 37. when 弓 I 導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中的主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)一致，主、 謂是 “主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞”結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)， 這時(shí)主語(yǔ)和系動(dòng)詞可以省略。例如： When (he was) young, he worked for a rich m an./ She ll be here to give you help when (if it is) necessary.when 有時(shí)代替 if

7、 ,弓 I導(dǎo)條件旬，意為“如果”、 “假如” ，例如：I ll come when (if) I m free.2、before作連詞一般表示時(shí)間，意為“在之前”，但有些句子中這樣譯就顯得別 扭。試看以下句子的翻譯：He almost knocked me down before he saw me. 他幾乎把我撞倒才看見我；Before I could get in a word he had measured me. 我還沒(méi)來(lái)得及插話，他已經(jīng)給我量好了尺寸。3、 till, until 作為介詞式從屬連詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句，用于否定句時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)為not - until (till)，

8、主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞延續(xù)與非延續(xù)皆可，意為“直到才”。 用于肯定何時(shí)，只與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用，表示“到為止” 。例如：They played volleyball until (till) it got dark./ They didn t talk (延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞)until(till) the interpreter (譯員)came./ He didn t go to bed (非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞)until (till) the his father came back.； until 可以放在句首，till 則不行，例如： Until the last minute of the match we ke

9、pt on playing./ Not until hefinished his work did he go home. （倒裝） ； till, until 只用于時(shí)間，以下句子是錯(cuò)誤的：We walked till the edge of the forest.（要用 as far as 或 to ） 。4、because, since, as引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)時(shí)注意使用上的區(qū)別：如果原因構(gòu)成句子的最主要部分，一般用because ,因此because引導(dǎo)的從句往往放在旬末。用 why提 問(wèn)的句子，一定用because 回答。例如：Hehad to stay at homeyesterday

10、becausehe was ill.;如原因已為人們所知，或不如句子的其他部分重要，就用 as,或 since。since比as更正式些。as和since引導(dǎo)的從旬一般放在句子的開頭。例如：As you are tired, you had better res t./ Since everyone is here, now let s begin.5、although和though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從何往往用法一樣，但注意以下區(qū)別： although 用于各種文體，而though 則多用于非正式的口語(yǔ)或書面語(yǔ)中。注意由although, though引導(dǎo)的從旬后，主句不能用 but,但可用副詞ye

11、t, still 。例如： Although/ Though it rained all the morning, they still went on working.(或 yet they went on working ) though 常與 even 連用，even though 表示強(qiáng) 調(diào)， 意為 “即使” ， 但不能說(shuō)even although ， 例如： Even though I didn t understanda word, I dept smiling. though 可用作副詞，意為“然而”，常用逗號(hào)與句子分開。 although 則不能這樣使用，它只作連詞。例如：It

12、 was a quiet party, Ihad a good time, though.6、 once 作副詞譯“曾經(jīng)”，作為連詞譯“一旦”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。相當(dāng)于if 的加強(qiáng)形式。例如：I don t believe he was once a thief.(once 這里是副詞)/ OnceAristotle had made up his mind that heavy objects al ways fell faster than light objects, he taught it as a truth to his students. (once連詞 )7> unle

13、ss 引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從何等于 if not 。例如：He'll accept the job unless the salary is too low. ( = He ll acc ept the job if the salary is not too low.)8、 在用 as if 引導(dǎo)的方式狀語(yǔ)從句及表語(yǔ)從句中，根據(jù)情況要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。例如：He talks as if he knew all about it.但有時(shí)也可用直陳語(yǔ)氣。例如：It looksas if it is going to rain.9、 whether, if 引導(dǎo)從句的用法區(qū)別：引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句或

14、同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，用 whether， 不用 if 。 例如： Whether they will go to the Great Wall is not known./ The question is whether we can finish the task on time./ The question whether we will take part in the physics contest has not been decided. whether可接不定式，而if 則不可。例如：I haven t decided whether to leave or not. whether

15、可作介詞的賓語(yǔ)或置于句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，而if 則不可。例如：Everythingdepends on whether we have enough money./ Whether h e will come, I am not sure. whether 和 if 均可引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，whether 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句一般都是肯定句， if 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句可以是肯定的，也可以是否定的(此時(shí)不能用whether) ，例如： Could you tell us whether/ if it rains in winter in Australia?/ I wonder if it doesn t rain.

16、 引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的whether 和 if 常可與 or not 連用。連用時(shí)要注意or not 的位置，它一般與whether 、 if 分開使用，有時(shí)它可與whether合起來(lái)使用，但不能與if 合起來(lái)使用。例如：I don t knowwhether/ if they willcome or not./ I don t know whether or not they will come. if 可用來(lái)引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，譯“如果”， whether 則不行。例如：If you work hard, you aresure to succeed.10、as作從屬連詞可引導(dǎo)多種狀語(yǔ)從句。as引

17、導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從何，意為“當(dāng)時(shí)”。 例如： As (he was) a young man, he was a storekeeper and later a postmaster./ He sang as he worked. as引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“象一樣”。例如：Wemust do as the Party teaches us. as 引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。意為“由于”，例如：Asyou are tired, you had better rest. as 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。意為“雖然”、“盡管” Child as he is, he can do it well. ( = Althoug

18、h he is a child, he can do it well.) 另外， as 做為關(guān)系代詞還可以引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，如：I have thesame book as you.練 1、練習(xí)、連詞1. .He is very old,he still works very hard. A.butB.ifC.when D.as2. you are dismissed.A. Neither you go nor B. Either you go or C. Whether you go or D. Both you go and3. They had camped once before, the

19、y knew what to take.A. becauseB.nowC.soD. since4. Why these things happened was the driver had been careless.A. because ofB.owing toC.due toD. that5. Although,it's raining,are still workingin the fields.A. theyB.but theyC.and theyD. so they6. _we have satisfied you, you have no grounds of compla

20、int.A. So B. Since that C. Now thatD. By now.7. Write clearly your teacher can understand .you correctly.A. sinceB. forC. because D. so tha t8 .You'll miss the train you hurry up.A. unless B. as C.if D. until9 . Francis did the taskhis brother.A. as good as B. as better asC. as well as D. as bes

21、t as10.The size of the audience,we had expected, was well over twentythousand.A. asB. whatC. thatD. whom11.1 thought he hated the TV.You are right, he still watches the program.A. yetB. besidesC. alsoD. then12. It looks it's going to rain.A. that B. as C. asif D. like that13. to New York, her fa

22、ther has not heard from her.A. Because she wentB. After she wentC. When she wentD.Since she went14. _he daydreamed, Peter saw figures in the sky.A. Until B.Since C. While D. During15. We arrived at the station the train had left.A. after B.before C. since D. when16. he was in poor health, he worked

23、just as hard as everyone else.A. ButB. AlthoughC. Even ifD. If17. . Give me one more minute I'll have finished.A. so B.until C. and D. when18. The worker hunted for jobs in NewYork for months, he could not findany work.A. andB. yet19. Hurry up, you'll be late.so D. yet20. Do not make the sam

24、e mistakelike D. thatC. orD. and butA. or B. and C.I did.A. so B. as C.A. however B.21. My sister is expecting me,I must be off now.or C. so D. otherwise22. We should pay attention to industry to agriculture.A. either, orB. neither, norC. not, butD. both,and23. He ran offI could stop him.A. before B

25、. after C.since D. when24. you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened. A. Till B. UntilC. After D. Since25. Where have you been you left home?A. before B. as C.since D. when26. the problem of method is solved, talking about the task is useless.A. UntilB. SinceC. AfterD. Unless27. We have prod

26、uced 15% more cotton this yearwe did last year.A. asB. than C. likeD.white1.1 It is late; , I'm too tired to go out.A. besides B. except C.except for D. except that29. Everything around us is solid .liquid gas.A. not . .but.B. either. .or.C. neither. .nor.D. whether. .or.30. He will come you ask

27、 him.A. whether B. unless C. ifD. while31. he will come or not is still unknown.A. If B. Where C.That D. Whether1.1 I don' t know to stay at home or go out. A. whether B. ifC. how D. where33. He spoke loudly the audience could hear him clearly.A. soB. thatC. so thatD. inorder to34. The book is n

28、ot easy.it's rather difficult.A. On the one handB. On the contraryC. On the other handD. On the other contrary35. You must work hard,you will not learn English well.A. ifB. whetherC. otherwise D. unless36. It rained heavily,the basketball match had to be put off.A. so thatB. whenC. otherwiseD.th

29、erefore37. We must do the people want us to do.D.A. what B. whateverA. whateverB. howeverC. whereverwhenever38. You are certainly right,others may say.C. that D. as39. makes mistakes must correct them.A. Who B. What C. WhoeverD. Whatever4.1 I ll discuss it with you you like to come.A. whenB. whereC.

30、 whoeverD.whenever41 .you work, you must always serve the people heart and soul.A. WhereverB. WheneverC. WhereD. When42 ._you understand this rule, you will have no further difficulty.A. OnceB. At once C. OnlyD. Onlythen43 ._ difficult the task may be, we must fulfil it this month.A. No matter how B

31、. No matter what C. No matter when D. No matter where44 . We can surely overcome these difficulties _,_ we are closely united.D. asD.D.A. so far as B. so long as C. as soon as well as45 ._ I know he will stay here for half a year.A. as soon asB. as long asC. so far asas well as46. Please write me yo

32、u arrive in New York.A. as well asB. so long asC. as far as as soon as47. That is not I want.A. thatB. whyC.what D. whose48. _ he did it remains a secret.A. What B. Whom C.Which D. How49. It is quite clear he won't see us.A. whatB. thatC. why D. how50. Would you tell me way I should take? A. wha

33、t B. that C.which D. whose51. I am sure you said is true.A. what B. that C.which D. who52. The trouble is we can not find such an expert.A. whyB. thatC. whereD. /53. It has not been decided they will leave.A. why B. when C. whichD. what54. We shall go you are ready.A. whileB. as soon asC. as D. sinc

34、e55. He will tell you about it you get there.A. while B.as C. when D. /56. Don't try to get off the bus it has stopped.A. while B. asC. since D. before57. I'll come and see you I go to the countryside.A. while B. when . C. as soon as D. before58. _ he came to study in the university, he has mademuchprogress in the study of English.A. While B. When C. Since D. After59. Things have chang