被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)各種時(shí)態(tài)構(gòu)成表

1、學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)各種時(shí)態(tài)構(gòu)成表:TENSE一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)bedodoeswill+doamisare+doingwaswere didhavehas+donehad+donewaswere+doing情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+do被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)amisare+donewill be +doneamisare+being+donewaswere+donehavehas+been+donehad+been+donewaswere+being+done情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+done用殳現(xiàn)、過(guò)用be done, b的人稱(chēng)、時(shí)、數(shù)變例：1、主動(dòng)： Th

2、e children gave the foreign guests a warm welcome.被動(dòng)：The foreign guests were given a warm welcome by the children.孩子們熱烈地歡迎外賓。2、主動(dòng)： People regard him as brilliant.被動(dòng)： He is regarded as brilliant by people.人們認(rèn)為他很有才華。1、邊境發(fā)生嚴(yán)重列車(chē)事故，二人死亡，十二人受傷。There was a serious train accident near the border. Two people

3、 were killed and twelve were injured.2、直言不諱的人才是真正誠(chéng)實(shí)的人。A person who is truly honest is called a straight arrow.3、有人給講演者遞上來(lái)一張紙條。A note was passed up to the speaker.4、JohnM選為班長(zhǎng)而代替了亨利。John was elected president of the class instead of Harry.5、這位戰(zhàn)士犧牲了，然而列車(chē)得救了。The soldier was killed, but the train was sav

4、ed.6、他被認(rèn)為很聰明但不誠(chéng)實(shí)。He was thought to be clever but dishonest.7、美國(guó)的第一個(gè)動(dòng)物園是1874年建立的。The first zoological garden in the United States was established in 1874.8、多數(shù)環(huán)境污染問(wèn)題的存在，是因?yàn)檫^(guò)去沒(méi)有采取適當(dāng)?shù)谋Ｗo(hù)措施。Most environmental problems exist because adequate measurefor preventing them were not taken in the past.完成時(shí)態(tài)have/ha

5、d done被動(dòng)將bee神口中間。例：1、我們已經(jīng)在夜校里斷斷續(xù)續(xù)地學(xué)了三年英語(yǔ)了。主動(dòng)： We have studied English for 3 years off and on at the spare-time school.被動(dòng)：English has been studied for 3 years off and on at the spare-time school.（havefi!新主語(yǔ)變?yōu)閔as）2、到去年年底我們已生產(chǎn)出一百臺(tái)拖拉機(jī)。主動(dòng):They had produced 100 tractors by the end of last year.被動(dòng):100 trac

6、tors had been produced by the end of last year.3、到去年年底他們已建造了三艘船。主動(dòng)：They had build three ships by last December.被動(dòng)： By last December three ships had been built by them.4、人們把裝滿(mǎn)垃圾的塑料袋子堆放在街上。主動(dòng)：People have piled plastic bags full of rubbish in streets.被動(dòng):Plastic bags full of rubbish have been piled in s

7、treets.5、他們已提醒我們要注意老鼠。主動(dòng)：They have warned us to be careful of rats.被動(dòng)： We have been warned to be careful of rats.練習(xí)：1、今天是Judy勺新婚日，她剛剛和鮑勃結(jié)婚。Today is Judys wedding, she has just been married to Danel.2、演講委員會(huì)已宣布了這些講演的題目。The subjects of these lectures have been announced by the lecture committee.3、當(dāng)我回來(lái)時(shí)

8、，發(fā)現(xiàn)我的車(chē)被弄走了。我問(wèn)他們?yōu)樯哆@么于。他們告訴我說(shuō)因 為我把車(chē)于停在“禁止停車(chē)”的禁區(qū)。My car had been towed away when I came back.一般將來(lái) shall (will) do,被動(dòng)變 do為be done即由 shall dowill do 變?yōu)閟hall don或will be done。例：1、過(guò)年我市將建立幾座大型現(xiàn)代化的發(fā)電廠(chǎng)。主動(dòng):We shall build several big modern power plants in our city next year.被動(dòng): Several big modern power plants

9、will be built in our city next year.（shall do中的shall要隨新主語(yǔ)變?yōu)閣ill, do為be done.）2、過(guò)年九月我將送我次子去讀書(shū)。王動(dòng)：I shall send my second boy to school next September.被動(dòng)： My second boy will be sent to school next September.3、他們將問(wèn)你許多怪題。主動(dòng)：They will ask you a lot of strange questions.被動(dòng):You will be asked a lot of strang

10、e questions.被動(dòng)句中的by引出的賓語(yǔ)，一般說(shuō)來(lái)，如果是人稱(chēng)代詞你、我、他等，均可省略, someone no oneP由by來(lái)引出。如果是名詞不能省略，但當(dāng)今英語(yǔ)也都可省略了。1、中國(guó)人民在將來(lái)將進(jìn)行更多的空間探索。主動(dòng)：The Chinese people will make more space explorations in the future.被動(dòng)： More space explorations will be made in the future by the Chinese people.2、通常是晝夜供電，明天白天將停電。Usually, the electric

11、ity is on for 24 hours. But tomorrow it will be cut off in the day time.3、電池使用一段時(shí)間后，應(yīng)該更換。After a period of use, the batteries should be changed.4、這機(jī)器不能再用了。The machine will not be used again將來(lái)進(jìn)行無(wú)被動(dòng)：shall （will） be doing現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行同： have （has） been doing即將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作在將來(lái)某一時(shí)刻或某個(gè)階段正在進(jìn)行；現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示某一行為發(fā)生在過(guò)去，延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，

12、將續(xù)續(xù)下去，兩種時(shí)態(tài)不能用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。1、今晚你將做什么？（將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)）What will you be doing this evening?2、1980年以來(lái)，我一直住在鞍山。（現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)）I have been living in Anshan Since 19803、你學(xué)英語(yǔ)多久了 ？（現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)）How long have you been studying English?4、由于大霧，我們已經(jīng)在機(jī)場(chǎng)等了一整天了。（現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)）We have been waiting at the airport all daybecause of the thick fog.【現(xiàn)、過(guò)進(jìn)

13、行be doing 被動(dòng)be加being dond即現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)或過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)都是be的人稱(chēng)、時(shí)和數(shù)的形式加doing o而被動(dòng)態(tài)則 是b劭口上being done勺形式，beingll不變的。現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)態(tài) 是被動(dòng)態(tài)個(gè)的重點(diǎn)，容易搞錯(cuò)。例如：1、工人們正在維修東北工學(xué)院主樓。主動(dòng)：The workers are repairing the main building of the Northeast Engineering Institute.被動(dòng)：The main building of the Northeast Engineering Institute is being

14、repaired by the workers.2、委員會(huì)的委員們正在考慮那個(gè)棘手的問(wèn)題.The nasty question is being considered by the committee members.3、他們?cè)谟?jì)劃修建另一座跨線(xiàn)橋。The buildong of another fly-over is being planned.【情、助、有、 是妥女排，一律隨新主語(yǔ)變?！繋閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞等的被動(dòng)態(tài)如何處理比較復(fù)雜。要隨新的主語(yǔ)來(lái)變化，這些 詞如 can, could; will, would; shall, should; may, might; must; ought

15、to; need 需要；have tg得不；be going to; to be to; used to; seem to; happen to。例如：1、我們必須把這個(gè)記在心里。主動(dòng)：We must keep this in mind.被動(dòng)：This must be kept in mind.2、我們可以把電冰箱放在那個(gè)地方。主動(dòng)： We can put the refrigerator in that place. （refrigerator=freezer.）被動(dòng)：The refrigerator can be put in that place.3、我們不能再用那臺(tái)洗衣機(jī)了。主動(dòng)： W

16、e shall not use the washing machine again.被動(dòng)：The washing machine will not be used again.原來(lái)的謂語(yǔ)shall use動(dòng)態(tài)中隨新主語(yǔ)變?yōu)閣ill .4、我們將采取更多的措施來(lái)防止腐蝕。主動(dòng):We shall take more measures to prevent corrosion.被動(dòng):More measures will be taken to prevent corrosion. (shaftwill)5、這一切得認(rèn)真解決。All this has to be solved with great c

17、are.6、展覽會(huì)將明日開(kāi)放。The exhibition is to be opened tomorrow.may加不定式的完成體或完成進(jìn)行體表示“可能，主要用于肯定句，決不能用在 疑問(wèn)句中。而cant不定式的完成體或完成進(jìn)行體連用表示 “可能，只用于否定 句和疑問(wèn)句，不用于肯定句。但如果 canwmay的過(guò)去式即could與might與不定式 完成體或完成進(jìn)行體搭配時(shí)，可用于各種結(jié)構(gòu)?？?，否，陳，疑均可。It cant have been lost in the post, can it?它不可能在郵局丟失的吧：（反意疑問(wèn)句）否定助后加not,疑問(wèn)一助置主前在否定句的被動(dòng)態(tài)中，否定副詞no

18、t-定加在第一助動(dòng)詞之后，不放在別的助動(dòng)詞 之后。同樣在疑問(wèn)句的被動(dòng)態(tài)中，第一助動(dòng)詞置于主語(yǔ)之前。例：為什么不采取些措施來(lái)結(jié)束罷工呢 ？Why has。助）not anything been。助）done to end the strike?not必須放在第一助動(dòng)詞haB后，第-助動(dòng)詞has、須放在主語(yǔ)anything之前。決不 可寫(xiě)成:why has fot been anything done to end the strike?或why has been not anything done to end the strike?1、我們將不在課堂上作練習(xí)。The exercises wil

19、l not be done in class.2、用什么別的途徑能獲得火星的資料呢2In what other way could。助）information about Mars be助）abtained?3、他為何入獄的？Why had he been imprisoned?4、需要告訴他嗎？Need she be told about it?5、沒(méi)人刷新你的記錄。Your record has never been equalled.主語(yǔ)恰是疑問(wèn)詞，直陳語(yǔ)序主在前凡主語(yǔ)恰好是一個(gè)疑問(wèn)詞或由疑問(wèn)詞來(lái)修飾主語(yǔ)時(shí)，后面要用陳述語(yǔ)序 例：衛(wèi)星上可以扔下何物？What（主語(yǔ)）could be dr

20、opped from a satellite?1、正在采取什么措施來(lái)發(fā)展這門(mén)新科學(xué)？What measures 生語(yǔ)）are being taken to develop this new science?2、需要哪種裝置來(lái)使控制系統(tǒng)簡(jiǎn)化？What kind of device（主語(yǔ)）is needed to make the control system simple?3、采取了什么措施來(lái)改進(jìn)這些技術(shù)的？what has been done to improve the techniques?應(yīng)指出的是有的學(xué)生把 We study diligently 和 She could see her

21、self clearly in the mirror.都硬行變成被動(dòng)了，殊不知不及物動(dòng)詞通常是沒(méi)有被動(dòng)態(tài)的。關(guān)于不及物 動(dòng)詞.反身代詞動(dòng)詞，同源賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞.系詞.感官使役動(dòng)詞，短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)態(tài)?！居行﹦?dòng)詞可以帶雙賓語(yǔ)】在用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的間接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)時(shí)，直接賓語(yǔ)仍然保留在謂語(yǔ)后面；直接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)時(shí)，直接賓語(yǔ)前通常加上介詞for/to在記者招待會(huì)上人們問(wèn)了他很多問(wèn)題He was asked a number of questions at the press conference.他們?cè)谟變簣@被教給很多東西。They are taught a lot of things in th

22、e kindergartens.作為生日禮物他收到了一個(gè)新 MP4。A new MP4 was given to him as birthday present/gift.He gave me a book. fA book was given to me by him.He showed me a ticket. fA ticket was shown to me by him.My father bought me a new bike. 7 A new bike was bought for me byem y fat【特別提醒】有些動(dòng)詞后跟不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)，但改為被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)后要加上

23、“to?！崩鏦e heard himsing in his room just now.-He was heard to sing in his room just now.剛才聽(tīng)到他在房間中唱歌。make somebody do something f somebody+ be +made to do somethingsee somebody do somethingsomebody +be+to do somethingThe little boy was made to do heavyThe boss made the little boy do heavy work. work

24、by the boss.【不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的情況】1）不及物動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：appear , die disappear , end （vi. 結(jié)束），fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, standbreak out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place.After the fire, very little remained of my house.比較：rise, fall, happen 是不及物動(dòng)詞；raise, seat 是及物動(dòng)詞。（錯(cuò)）The price has been risen.（） The price