初中英語句型裝換題歸類與指導(dǎo)

1、初中英語句型裝換題歸類與指導(dǎo)在英語考試中， “句型轉(zhuǎn)換”題所占分值較大， 是為了全面考查學(xué)生在初中階段 所學(xué)的詞匯（同義或反義）、短語、句型和語法等方面的知識及其它的之間的靈 活運用 能力。I.題型介紹所謂“句型轉(zhuǎn)換”就是先給一個完整的句子 A,再根據(jù)括號內(nèi)的要求 （有時沒有明確，須自己觀察），在第二個句子 B 的空白處填上適當(dāng)?shù)脑~來完成 的句型轉(zhuǎn)換。n.題型分類從形式上看， 有如下幾種形式： 某一詞或詞組的轉(zhuǎn)換； 詞組與句子 的轉(zhuǎn)換；同義句型的轉(zhuǎn)換；為糾正常犯語言錯誤而設(shè)計的題目。從內(nèi)容上看，此題型涉及的面較廣，主要有：句子功能方面的轉(zhuǎn)換。包括陳述 句（肯定與否定）、四種題疑問句、祈使句、感

2、嘆句的轉(zhuǎn)換；句子結(jié)構(gòu)方面的 轉(zhuǎn)換。即簡單句、復(fù)合句、并列句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換；語態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換。即主動語態(tài)與被 動語態(tài)之間的轉(zhuǎn)換；常用句型與詞匯手段的轉(zhuǎn)換。川.具體分類如下一、陳述句與疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句間的轉(zhuǎn)換1 、陳述句中肯定句變?yōu)榉穸ň洌?大部分是用 not 來改變謂語結(jié)構(gòu)， 但 也有借用否定意義的詞，如 nothing, nobody, none, neither, little, few, never, hardly 等，例如：A： Tom does well in maths. B ： Tom doesn t do in maths.A： He has much to do.B ：He has

3、 nothing to do.A ：All of my classmates like art.B ：None of my classmates likes art.2 、改為疑問句。 根據(jù)上下句的結(jié)構(gòu)和詞的減少， 來判斷變?yōu)槟囊环N形 式的疑問句。例如：A ：My brother often has breakfast at school.B ： Doesyour brother often havebreakfast atschool?A ：Toms already weak in English.B ：Toms already weak in English, isnt heA ：The

4、red light changes every two minutes.B ：How often does the red light change?3 、改為感嘆句。 根據(jù)所給的句子結(jié)構(gòu)和單詞的詞性， 來確定 使用哪一 種感嘆句的形式，例如：A ：This is an interesting book.B ：What an interesting book this is!或 How interesting this book is!二、同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)上句，寫出一個意思相同(或相近)的下句，此類形式繁多，內(nèi)容 復(fù)雜，涉及面廣，歸類如下：1 、同義詞或詞組之間的轉(zhuǎn)換。(通常上下句時態(tài)保持一致

5、)。常見的同義詞或詞組有： (1) 四個“花費”( spend take cost take )；(2) 三個“到達(dá)”( get to reach arrivein/at ) ; (3)四個 “收至 U 來信” (hear from get a letter from receive a letterfrom have a letter from) ； (4)兩個“擅長于”(be good at dowell in )；(5) 兩個“有空”( be free have time)；(6) 三個“入睡”( go to sleepgetto sleep fall asleep )； (7)兩個“玩

6、得開心”( enjoyon eself have a good time ) ； (8) “給打電話”(call sb teleph one sbringsb. a call makea teleph one to sb.) (9) “飛往” (fly to- goto by air/pla ne ) (10) “自學(xué)”(teach on eself lear n by on eself ) (11) 在方面幫助 helpwith- help(to)do (12)在差 be weak in-dobadly in (13)能/會can be able to(14) 更喜歡like bettert

7、han-prefer to (15)充滿了be full of - be filled with (16)放棄干give up doing -stop doing (17)不再 no Ion ger not anyIonger(18)照顧 / 保管 take care of - look after(19) 展覽 on show ondisplay(20) 阻止干 stop from doing keep/prevent from doing (21) 由于thanks to because of (22)舉手 hands up put up one s hands(23) 最后，終于 at

8、last in the end(24)與不同 be different from -be notthe same as(25)從借入 borrow from- lendto(26)乘公汽/火車/的士 go to by bus/train/taxi take a bus /train/taxi to(27)乘 自行車去go to by bike ride a bike to (28)為感至 U 自豪 be proud of - bethe pride of(29)步行去- walk to - go to on foot (30)獨自地 byoneself alone 等。例如：A：The chi

9、ldren had a good time in the park.B：The children enjoyed themselves in the park.2、同義句型之間的轉(zhuǎn)化。常見的同義句型有 It seems that 從句 fSomebodyseems (to be) +adj/nIt s kind of sb. to do Somebodyis kind to do What doesmeanfWhat do you meanby? 或 What s the meaningof ?There is something wrong with Something is wrong w

10、ith notuntil與 when/after/before引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句的轉(zhuǎn)換 What swrong with?fWhat s the matter with？Howis?fWhat slike?How do you like?fWhat do you think of?Its time that Its time for sb. to doIts said that People say thatCan I help you?fWhat ca n I do for you? 例如：A：I went to bed after I finished my homework.B：I di

11、dn t go to bed until I finished my homework.3 、if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句的轉(zhuǎn)化。例如：A：If it doesnt rain tomorrow, they ll go to the park.B：Unless it rains tomorrow, they ll go to the park.A ：If you don t hurry, you B ：Hurry up, or you ll be late.ll be late.A： Fish can t live if there is no water.B： Fish can t live wi

12、thout water.4 、現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)中的一句多譯。 在現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)中， 結(jié)束性動詞不能與時間段連用，必須改成相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動詞。常見的動詞轉(zhuǎn)換有：buy have,borrow keep, die be dead, ope n be ope n, jo in be in+ 組織 /be a + 成員, begin be on, leave be away from, close be closed, arrive in/ get to/ come/goto be in/at, finsh be over, go to sleep be asleep ，get upbe up.例如： The

13、 old man died five months ago.The old man has been dead since five months ago.The old man has been dead for five months.It s five months since the old man died.Five months has passed since the old man died.5 、簡單句與復(fù)合句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換含賓語從句的復(fù)合句與簡單句的轉(zhuǎn)換。例如:A： I saw they were playing football on the playground. B:I

14、saw them playing football on the playground.A: The teacher found that she was very clever.B: The teacher found her very clever.A: He found that it was hard to learn English well.B: He found it hard to learn English well.A: We are sure that we will win to first match.B: We are sure to win to first ma

15、tch.由疑問代詞 /副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為“疑問句 +不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如:由 because 引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為 because of例如:A ：Could you tell me how I can get to the railway station?B ：Could you tell me how to get to the railway station?A ：We dont know what we should do next.B ：We dont know what to do next.2由 when/after/before/while/since/until轉(zhuǎn)

16、化為 when/after/before/while/sine/until + doin 例如：A ：They went home after they finished their work.B ：The went home after finishing their work.A ：Mr Smith has taught English since he came to China.B ：Mr Smith has taught English since coming to China.When sb. +be+ 數(shù)詞 +years old at the age of+ 歲數(shù)A：Whenh

17、e was twelve years old, Edison started writing his ownnewspaper.B：At the age of twelve, Edison started writing his ownnewspaper.3由 sothat引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為 tooto do或eno ugh to do . 例如：A：The box is so hea vy that I can t carry it. B： The box is too heavy forme to carry.或： The box isn t light enough for me

18、 to carry.The child is so old that he can go to school.The child is old enough to go to school.4由 so that 引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為 in order to do 例如：A： My father got up early this morning so that he could catch the early bus.B： Myfather got up early this morning in order to catch the earlybus.引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句可A：B：A：W

19、e didnt go to the park becauseit rained.B: We didnt go to the park because of the rain.定語從句可以轉(zhuǎn)化為介詞短語或分詞短語。例如：A：The man who is on the bike is Jim.B：The man on the bike is Jim.A：The man who is driving the red car is my boss.B：The man driving the red car is my boss.A：The girl who is called Mary is my s

20、ister.B：The girl called Mary is my sister.6、 用并列連詞 neither nor ；either or ； both and；not onlybutalso 連句。例如：A：I havent seen a TV play for long, and Lily hasnt either.B：Neither I nor Lily has seen a TV play for long.A： Tom is good at maths, and he is good at French, too.B： Tom is good at both maths an

21、d French.neither nor,either or和 not only but also 連接兩個主 語時，謂語動詞依靠近它的主語而定，即“就近原則”，但是 bothand 用來連 接兩個主語時，謂語復(fù)數(shù)。7 、主動語與被動語態(tài)的互變?！爸鲃印弊儭氨粍印睂嵭小叭兌蛔儭痹瓌t?！叭儭奔词侵髡Z， 謂語和賓語的變化，“二不變”即時態(tài)不變，句式不變。例如：A： They make watches in the town.B： Watches are made by them in the town.由 because 引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為 because of例如:A ：I can finish the work be