表語從句講解

1、一定義：表語從句就是用一個句子作為表語。位于系動詞之后，說明主語身份，特征，屬性或狀態(tài)。比較：The problemispuzzling.主語連系動詞形容詞作表語The problemiswhen we can get a pay rise.主語連系動詞一個句子作表語-表語從句二、系動詞的分類（了解哪些詞為系動詞）系動詞有表示狀態(tài)的；有表示狀態(tài)變化的。表示狀態(tài)的有：1） be, seem ,appear 等。2） look ,sound ,feel ,taste ,smell等，由感官動詞變化而來。意思為“看（聽、摸、嘗、聞）起來 ”。Mr. Li looks quite young.李先生看

2、起來很年輕。3） stand ,keep ,prove ,remain等由不及物動詞轉(zhuǎn)化而來。The machine has been standing idle.這臺機器一直閑著不用。2.表示狀態(tài)變化的：become ,get ,grow, fall, turn等He has fallen ill.他已經(jīng)病倒了。三 連接表語從句與主句的關(guān)系詞主要有三類：11.從屬連詞： that （無有詞義）, whether （是否,if （是否）2.關(guān)系代詞： who（誰，主格）, whom （誰，賓格） ,whose 誰的，所有格）, what （什么） ,which （哪個，哪些）3. 關(guān)系副詞：

3、when （什么時候） where （什么地方） why （為什么） , how （怎樣）例如：The fact is that we have lost the game.事實是我們已經(jīng)輸了這場比賽。That s just what I want. 這正是我想要的。This is where our problem lies.這就是我們的問題所在。That is whyhe didn t come to the meeting.那就是他為什么不到會的原因。It looks as if it is going to rain.看上去天要下雨了。It is because you eat too

4、 much那是因為你吃得太多了。The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning（當主語是reason 時，表語從句要用that 引導而不是because）另外，與其他名詞從句有所不同的是as, as if/though, because也可用來引導表語從句.如：He looked justas he had looked ten years before.他看起來還與十年前一樣。She seems as if she had done a great thing.她看起來好像做

5、了一件大事。It is because you eat too much.那是因為你吃得太多了。【注意】 because 可引導表語從句，但與之同義的since, as, for 等也不用于引導表語從句。2四 注意事項 （重點看）1. 表語從句要用陳述語序。如：That is where the famous scientist was born.This is why she is so happy today2. that 和 what 在引導的表語從句That 本身沒有詞義，在句中只起連接作用，不充當句子成分；what 則表示 “所的（人或事）”，在表語從句中充當主語或賓等。如：That

6、 fact isthat more than seventy percent of the earthsurface siscovered by water.What he told you waswhat had been discussed at the meeting.3.If與 whether均意為 “是否 ”引導表語從句時，只能用whether,不能用 if。如：The question is whether we can finish our work by tomorrow evening.4 語氣1）主語為 advice, order, idea, notion, propos

7、al, suggestion, request等一些表示 “建議、 勸說、命令 ”的名詞， 之后的表語從句中， 謂語動詞用虛擬語氣。 should+ 動詞原形表示 ，should可省略。如：My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow.我的建議是我們明天一早就出發(fā)。Our only request is that this should be settled as soon as possible.我們唯一的請求就是盡快解決這個問題。2）As if/though引導的表語從句時，從句謂語多用虛擬語氣。這是因為從句中的情況與事實不相

8、符。3具體來說，如果從句表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反，謂語動詞用一般過去式；如果從句表示與過去事實相反時，謂語動詞“ had+done ，”如果從句表示將來的可能性不大，用would(might ,could )+動詞原形，如：Li Lei is now in a new jacket he looks as if he were an American boy.The girl is giving us a vivid description of moon. It seemsas if she had been to the moonmany times.但是，如果as if ,as though引導的表語從句所表示的與事實相符，從句則用陳述語氣，如：The clouds are gathering. It looks as if is going to rain.5 時態(tài)不像賓語從句，在有表語從句的復合句中，主句時態(tài)和從句時態(tài)可以不一致。The question is who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow. The question is why he cried yesterday.6 記住兩個句型A The reason is thatB That is why（ because）例如：The reason i