L3中考英語冠詞考點(diǎn)歸納及練習(xí)

1、現(xiàn)代孔子學(xué)堂 初三英語 冠詞冠詞一.概念 冠詞是一個(gè)虛詞,它置于名詞之前,限定名詞的意義. 冠詞可分為：定冠詞,不定冠詞和零冠詞三類.二.相關(guān)知識(shí)點(diǎn)精講不定冠詞： 1. a用于輔音發(fā)音開頭的詞前, 如：a book; an用于元音發(fā)音開頭的詞前，如：an apple, an hour. 請區(qū)別：a useful machine, an umbrella, a “u”, an “h”。1. a/an 用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前。 a book a boy a man a bird a dog an hour 【練習(xí)】 判斷正誤： a story( ) a bread ( ) a paper（ ） a b

2、ag（ ）a pretty woman（ ） a school ( ) a useful book ( )2.表示類別：這種用法是指某人或某物屬于某一種類，或者指某一種類的人或物中的任何一個(gè)或一件，或者指某一種類的人或物，但不具體說明是何人或何物。 例如：   That is a pen, not a pencil. 那是鋼筆而不是鉛筆。（指屬于某一種類）   Give him a pear, please! 請給他一個(gè)梨。（指某一種類中的任何一個(gè)）   Listen! A boy i

3、s singing in the classroom. 3. 和 one 的區(qū)別： a/an 表示類別 種類 One 強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量 a bus （表示是一輛公交車 而不是一輛小汽車 也不是火車） one bus (強(qiáng)調(diào)是一輛車 而不是兩輛或三輛)There is a cat under the chair. 椅子下面有一只貓。（強(qiáng)調(diào)種類）There is one cat under the chair.椅子下邊有一只貓。（強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量）4. 表示基本單位，作“每一”講。例如：three times a day, 10 yuan a kilo six class a day thir

4、ty miles an hour等。5. 用于某些固定短語中。 A few, have a good time,in a word, take a walk等。定冠詞：1. the 表示特指。 表示名詞所指的人或事物是同類中的特定的一個(gè)，以別于同類中其他的人或事物，相當(dāng)于漢語中的“那個(gè)”或“這個(gè)”的意思。 the book in my bag the boy under the tree the apples in the basket the hospital near my home 2.可以和單、復(fù)數(shù)名詞，也可以和不可數(shù)的名詞連用。 the books the book the rice

5、 the bread the football the old man the interesting book the teachers the women 3.用法： 1）. 定冠詞的最基本的用法是“特指”：表示某個(gè)或某些特定的人或物。 Do you know the girl in a red skirt? 你認(rèn)識(shí)那個(gè)穿紅裙子的女孩嗎？ Beijing is the capital of China. 北京是中國的首都。2）. 再次提到上文提到過的人或物，應(yīng)該用定冠詞the。例如：Tom has an apple, The apple is big

6、 and red.There is a boy under the tree.The boy is my brother. 3）. 指談話雙方都知道的人或物。例如：Lets go and give it to the teacher.咱們?nèi)グ阉唤o老師吧。Open the door，please!請打開門。4）. 用于某些固定詞組中。 例如:in the morning / afternoon / evening 等。5）. 用在形容詞前表示一類人。the old 老人 the young 年輕人the rich富裕的人 the poor_ the deaf _ the blind_

7、6）. 用在表示“姓”的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前，表示一家人或夫婦二人。  例如：The Whites are spending their holiday in England. The Greens came to China two years ago .7）. 用在由普通名詞構(gòu)成的表示場所的專有名詞前。the Great Wall 長城 the Summer Place頤和園 the United States 美國 the October Revolution 十月革命 the Chinese Peoples Liberation Army 中國人民解放軍 the L

8、ong March 長征8）.用在序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級前 The first thing I want to say is to listen carefully in class. He is the tallest one in our class. 9）.世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物等（月亮、地球、天空、宇宙） the globe太陽系 the universe 宇宙 the atmosphere大氣層The sun rises in the east. The earth goes round the sun. 10）.在世紀(jì)，年代名詞前用冠詞。 in the 1980s 或 in the 1

9、980s 20世紀(jì)80年代 in the nineteenth century 二十世紀(jì)11）.在江河、山脈、湖泊、海洋、群島、海峽、海灣運(yùn)河前用the。 the Changjang River 長江 the West Lake 西湖 the Pacific Ocean 太平洋12）.在介詞短語中常用定冠詞the，如：in the box ,behind the chair。*13）.不能用定冠詞the的幾個(gè)方面： (1)在節(jié)日、星期、月份、季節(jié)、年等詞前不用冠詞。如：in summer, in August 請區(qū)別：in the spring of 1945. (這里表示特指，故加the)(

10、2)一日三餐和球類運(yùn)動(dòng)名不用冠詞。如：have breakfast ,play football(3)一些固定詞組中，如：go to bed ,go to school, by bus ,at night.14）.在有些詞組中，有冠詞和無冠詞意思不同，請注意區(qū)別： in front of 在前面, in the front of 在范圍內(nèi)的前部 in hospital (生病)住院, in the hospital 在醫(yī)院里。 by sea乘船 by the sea 在海邊零冠詞：一：概念：所謂零冠詞，即指不使用冠詞的情況：二：用法：1）在物質(zhì)名詞，抽象名詞前不用冠詞 The desk is

11、made of wood. What is work? Work is struggle2）國名，人名前通常不用定冠詞：England， China Mary Lilei Mr.Green 3）. 在星期、月份，季節(jié)等名詞前；Sunday March summer winter 4）名詞前有物主代詞，指示代詞，不定代詞，名詞所有格修飾時(shí)(this， my，that， those， these， her)如：this morning my pen your watch whose bike 等5） 在球類運(yùn)動(dòng)、一日三餐、學(xué)科和語言的名詞前如：have breakfast play chess p

12、lay basketball (注意 在樂器前必須加定冠詞 如彈鋼琴play the piano play the violin)6）當(dāng)by 與火車等交通工具連用，表示一種方式時(shí)，中間無冠詞；by bus by train by car by air by bike by plane （注意 如果用介詞on 表示乘坐交通工具 必須用a 或an 來表示 如 in a bus on a bike 等）7）有些個(gè)體名詞不用冠詞；如： school，college，prison，market，hospital，bed，table，class，town，church，court 等個(gè)體名詞，直接置于介詞

13、后，表示該名詞的深層含義；go to hospital去醫(yī)院看病go to the hospital 去醫(yī)院 (并不是去看病，而是有其他目的)易混點(diǎn)1.序數(shù)詞前面用定冠詞與不定冠詞的區(qū)別 The +序數(shù)詞 第幾. A+序數(shù)詞 又一。再一 2. A number of, the number of A number of相當(dāng)于many后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式 The number of “.的數(shù)目，.的數(shù)量”當(dāng)其加名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式 E.g. A number of students like playing computer games. The number of

14、the students is about 1500 in our school.選擇填空1Does Jim have _ ruler？    Yes，he has _     Aan；some   Ba；one   Ca；   Dany；one 4How many books do you have？    I have _  bookThat's _  English book   Aa；an  Ba；o

15、ne Cone；an   Done；one 5At that time Tom was _ one-year-old baby   Aa      Ban      Cthe      D 7We can't see _  sun at _  night   Athe；the  Bthe；   Ca；   &#

16、160;  D； 8 _ useful book it is！   AWhat an    BHow     CWhat a    DWhat 9One afternoon he found _ handbagThere was _ “s”on the corner of _  handbag   Aa；an；the     Ba；a；the   

17、 Can；an；an   Dthe；a；a 10_ old lady with white hair spoke _  English well at _ meeting   AAn；an；a   BThe；an  CThe；a   DThe；the 14He used to be _  teacher but later he turned _  writer   Aa；a    Ba；the  

18、0;   C；a     Da； 15They made him _  king   Aa      Bthe      Can     D 16His father is _  English teacherHe works in our school   Aa      Ban  &#

19、160;    Cthe    D 19They passed our school _  day before yesterday   Aan      Bone       Ca       Dthe 20Australia is _  English-speaking country   Aa  

20、60;    Ban        Cthe     D 21She has _  orange skirt _ skirt is nice   Aa；The  Ban；The   Can；A   Dthe；The 23Look at _  horse over there   Aa       B

21、an        Cthe      D 25There is _  old woman in the car   A      Bthe       Ca        Dan 26Beijing is _  beautiful cityIt's _

22、0; capital of China   Aa；a    Bthe；the  C；the  Da；the 27Shanghai is in _  east of China   A      Ban        Ca        Dthe 28I've been a student there for nearly

23、 two and _ half years   Aa       Ban        Cthe      D 完型填空I have thousands of classes since I started school nine years ago. But only one    1    was the

24、 most important.It happened last term just after I had got a   2    result in an exam. I was sad and had lost my confidence. I decided to go to a class which can tell me how to be  3    .The speaker walked into the room. But he did not

25、 start talking like a teacher. Instead, he held up a twenty yuan note(鈔票)!“ Who wants it?” he asked.    4    of us in the class held up our hands.He smiled. Then he put up the note on the blackboard and asked the same question. Again, we all put up our hands.

26、He smiled again but said    5    . Suddenly, he threw the note onto the floor! Then he asked the same question a    6    time.I didnt understand what the speaker was doing. Why was he asking the same question again and a

27、gain? I wanted the note,    7   I put my hand up again. After a while, he    8    the note and started to laugh. “ You have all just told me how to become successful.”“ The note is worth 20 yuan. It is   9 

28、;   worth 20 yuan, even though I threw it on the floor. You are like the note. Whatever happens to you, you still have your worth.”Suddenly I    10    I was worth a lot. I may have done poorly in an exam, but it doesnt mean I cant do well in the

29、 future. If I believe in myself, I will be successful!1. A. exam         B. class       C. term2. A. good           B. lucky      C. bad3. A. famous    

30、60;  B. careful       C. successful4. A. Few           B. Most       C. All5. A. nothing     B. everything  C. something6. A. second       

31、B. third       C. fourth7. A. so            B. since             C . but8. A. gave up     B. ended up    C. picked up9. A. never &

32、#160;        B. always        C. hardly10. A. realized            B. decided       C. dreamedMy father died when I was a baby, and my mother had to go

33、 out to work. I was the only  36  so I had no brothers and sisters to play with at home. I used to play in the street with other children, or ride my bike down to the park, but I remember I 37 a lot of time just sitting at home reading

34、. We had a television, I think, but don't remember   38  it very much.    My grandparents lived with us and we used to do a lot of things together.I remember we played cards a lot. At the weekends, my mother always 39 - We often went do

35、wn to the sea and swam, and I   40 to swim when I was quite young.    We didn't have a car, so we went everywhere by bus. Occasionally（偶爾），one of my uncles used to come and take us out in his car, which was a great   41  .For

36、holidays we always went to the seaside, but never far away maybe a short train journey.    My mother wasn't very    42  , and I don't remember her ever    43   me. In fact（事實(shí)上），I got my way too much.  I was

37、given small pocket money because we weren't very 44  and I probably spent most of it on sweets, as far as I remember I don't think anyone thought they were   45 for you then.1. A. child      &

38、#160;    B. father         C. friend            D. mother2.A. used          B. kept   

39、0;       C. took             D. spent3. A. repairing        B .listening to    C. watching    &

40、#160;    D. looking at4. A. let me in       B. took me out    C. told me stories    D. went shopping5.A. hates           

41、;B. learned        C. stopped          D. forgot6. A. game           B. chance        C.&#

42、160;pain             D. pleasure7.A. strict（嚴(yán)格的） B. kind           C. interested        D. worried8.A. playing with    B.

43、0;staying with    C. beating          D. loving9. A. busy           B. happy          C. rich &

44、#160;           D. well10.A. good           B. bad            C. important      

45、  D. delicious短文填空“Daddy, can I learn to play the (71) ? Ill try very hard.” Sarah asked her (72) , Mr White.“All right,” Mr White said. “Ill (73) for you to have lessons for six weeks. If you play well, you can go on with your lessons. If you dont, I will (74) the lessons.”“OK, Daddy,” Sarah said.Mr White found her a good and expens