英語(yǔ)高三C專題(主謂一致之意義一致、就近原則3星)教案

1、教師輔導(dǎo)教案IK犬.H吧來(lái)猿語(yǔ)甚岫. 她熟我H睨哨小英出，I '* unt 眼 Tn v4'h<ntl "!授課日期及時(shí)段C-主謂一致（二）UMVllW-ptil1-若C語(yǔ)法專題之主謂一致（二）T教學(xué)目標(biāo)1、熟悉主謂一致的常見(jiàn)用法。2、重點(diǎn)學(xué)習(xí)高考中對(duì)主謂一致的考查重點(diǎn)。 教學(xué)內(nèi)容你聽(tīng)到r嗎?那是幻卓福的曬帆學(xué)員編號(hào):學(xué)員姓名:輔導(dǎo)科目：英語(yǔ)學(xué)科教師:授課類型T感動(dòng)的瞬間!速-上晦承，落得開(kāi)門(mén)（建議2-5分鐘）二存量奇展（建議20-25分鐘）主謂一致語(yǔ)法一致意義一致就近原則1、概念：主語(yǔ)形式雖為單數(shù)，但意義為復(fù)數(shù)，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù);主語(yǔ)形式為復(fù)數(shù)，而意義為單數(shù)，

2、則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù);The crowd were surrounding the government official.Maths is hard to learn.2、具體用法:>weremost of the applesmost of the apple大部分蘋(píng)果是爛的餐這個(gè)蘋(píng)果的大半被老鼠吃掉了。眄）不定彳t詞all, most, some 等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于它們所指代的名詞的數(shù);Most of the apples were rotteiL Most of the apple was eaten by a rat"2） "the +形容詞（或

3、分詞）”指一類人，如： the rich （富人），the living （活著的人），the高中主謂一致用法詳解wounded（傷者）作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù);The sick have been cured and the lost have been found .The rich are eager to help the poor.The wounded have been taken good care of .The living have to cheer up and continue to live.bread and butter, knife and fork 等作&#

4、174;3）用and連接的成對(duì)名詞習(xí)慣上被看做一個(gè)整體，如:主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù);"Whisky and soda is always his favourite drinkI移4）不定數(shù)量的詞組，如:威士忌酒加蘇打水是他最喜 愛(ài)的飲料.a part of, a lot of, lots of, plenty of等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于它們所修飾的名詞;A part of the textbooks have arrived.A part of the apple has been eaten up by the pig.A lot of people have hea

5、rd the news.A lot of money has been spent on this project.）表示時(shí)間、金錢(qián)、距離、度量等的名詞作主語(yǔ)，盡管是復(fù)數(shù)形式，它們作為一個(gè)單一的概念時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；One million dollars is a lot of money.Ten miles is a long distance.Two years is enough to learn a foreign language.、就近原則1、概念：就近原則即謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于最靠近它的主語(yǔ);There is a pen and two books on the d

6、esk.There are two books and a pen on the desk.陸2、具體用法:1,1）由here, there以及狀語(yǔ)提前構(gòu)成的倒裝句中（有時(shí)主語(yǔ)不止一個(gè)）,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與靠近它的主語(yǔ)保持Here comes the bus.On top of the mountain stands a tower.There is little water and few vegetables in the fridge.由連詞 or, either or, neither nor, not only but also, not- but等連接的并列主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與靠近它的主語(yǔ)保持

7、一致;Neither the students nor the teacher knows anything about it.He or you have taken my pen.Not only Tom but also I am satisfied with the result.Not only they but also we are interested in the film.用and連接兩個(gè)并列成分介詞with伴隨主語(yǔ)就近原則各種代詞的主謂一致短語(yǔ)和從句作主語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句中的主謂一致1、考點(diǎn)一:1）兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上作主語(yǔ)的單數(shù)名詞用and連接，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)；但若表示一個(gè)集合體時(shí)則用單

8、數(shù);Tom and Dick are good friends.A singer and dancer was present at the party.The worker and writer is talking to the students.Bread and butter tastes good.類彳以的表達(dá)式有：a needle and thread, a horse and cart, a watch and chain, a coat and tie,truth and honesty, medical help and cure：）用and連接的兩個(gè)名詞若被no, each

9、, every, many a修飾，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；No bird and no beast is seen in the bare island.Many a boy and many a girl has made such a funny experiment.At Christmas each boy and each girl is given a present.，）如果and后面加no或not,謂語(yǔ)也用單數(shù)形式；My friend, and not hers, is chosen to join the army.All work and no play makes Jack

10、a dull boy.2、考點(diǎn)二：主語(yǔ)后有 as well as, like, with, together with, but, except, besides 等，謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)與前面的主語(yǔ)保持一致；A professor, together with some students, was sent to help in the work.No one but the teachers is allowed to use the room.3、考點(diǎn)三：以連詞or, either - or, neither nor, there be, not only 連接的復(fù)畬utOso 其謂語(yǔ)與相鄰的那個(gè)名

11、詞的數(shù)保持一致You or I am to be invited.You or she is to be invited.4、考點(diǎn)四：either, neither, each, every或no+單數(shù)名詞及由 some, any, no, every構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞都作單數(shù)看待;Each of us has a new pen.Everything around us is matter.5、考點(diǎn)五: &1) a number of 表示“很多”的意思，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式;the number of 表示“數(shù)量，號(hào)碼”作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式;The nu

12、mber of people invited was fifty, but a number of them were absent for different reasons.殳2)由"a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest of+ 名詞”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)以及由“分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)+名詞”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要根據(jù)短語(yǔ)中名詞的數(shù)而定;Three-fourths of the surface is sea.彩3) what, who, which, any, more, most, all等代詞可以是單數(shù)，也可以是復(fù)數(shù)，主要依據(jù)意思而定;All

13、 have gone to the park.Which is your pen?Which are your pens?All that can be done has been done.考點(diǎn)六:魁 who, which, that作定語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于先行詞;Those who want to go should sign your names here.He is one of the students who have passed the exam.He is the only one of the students who has passed the exam

14、.7、考點(diǎn)七:以-ics結(jié)尾的學(xué)科名詞，如 mathematics, politics, physics以及news等，形式上為復(fù)數(shù)，實(shí)際為單數(shù),它們作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式；另外，復(fù)數(shù)名詞用作書(shū)、電影、戲劇、報(bào)刊、國(guó)家等名稱時(shí)，若作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù);His a selected poems " was first published in 1965.Mathematics is the language of science.8、考點(diǎn)八:一些集體名詞作主語(yǔ)，如果看做一個(gè)整體，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；如果指其中的成員，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)；但people,police, cattle等只能

15、用復(fù)數(shù);My family is a big family.My family are listening to the radio.The police are trying to catch the thief.9、考點(diǎn)九:少 形容詞加定冠詞the表示一類人時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù);What a life the poor were living!The young are happy to give their seats to the old.10、考點(diǎn)十:?當(dāng)動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)、不定式短語(yǔ)和從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；如果用and連接兩個(gè)從句或短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)，則需看是表示一個(gè)整體還是不同的兩件事;G

16、rowing vegetables needs constant watering.What I say and think is/are no business of yours.0從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)有時(shí)需要根據(jù)表語(yǔ)來(lái)定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù);what I say and think即可以理解為同一件事也可理解為不同的兩個(gè)典型例題1、 When and where to build the new factoryyet.A. is not decidedB. are not decidedC. has not decided D. have not decided【解析】A.本題考查主謂一致和語(yǔ)態(tài)。這個(gè)

17、句子看上去是and連接的兩個(gè)并列短語(yǔ)充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，本應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式的謂語(yǔ)，但這兩個(gè)短語(yǔ)表達(dá)的是同一事件的兩個(gè)方面，可以看成是一個(gè)整體，因此使用單數(shù)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng) 詞；而從句意可判斷此句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需要使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。2、 Either you or one of your students to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.A. are B. is C. have D. be【解析】B.本題考查主謂一致?？疾橹髦^一致的用法。Eitheror.連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)，按就近原則來(lái)確定謂語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)。One of your students謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。3、A surve

18、y of the opinions of experts that three hours of outdoor exercise a week good for one health.A. show; areB. shows; is C. show; isD. shows; are【解析】B.本題考查主謂一致。由 a survey可知第一個(gè)空用shows,首先排除A、C兩項(xiàng)；第二個(gè)空前的 時(shí)間three hours of outdoor exercise a week表示抽象概念，看作單數(shù)，故其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。4、As a result of the serious flood , tw

19、o-thirds of the buildings in the area .A. need repairingB. needs to repairC. needs repairingD. need to repairneed doing=needasked to be at the【解析】A.本題考查主謂一致和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)修飾名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于名詞，此處two-thirds 修飾buildings ,故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞取決于名詞復(fù)數(shù)buildings ,排除B、C兩項(xiàng),to be done 意為"需要被做”。（建議5分鐘）1、一 Mike, what did our

20、monitor say just now?- Every boy and every girl as well as teachers who to visit the museumschool gate before 6:30 in the morning.A. is; isB. are; areC. is; areD. are; is2、 In fact, not only Mary and I but also Jane having one exam after another.A. Is tired withB. are tired withC. is tired ofD. are

21、tired of3、One third of the deer by the wolves last night.A.was eatenB.is eatenC.were eatenD .are eaten4、Between the two mountains the factory where my father used to work.A.standB.standsC.to standD.standing5、 Butter and bread their daily food, but the bread and the butter up now.A. is; is eatenB. ar

22、e; have been eatenC. are; are eatenD. is; have been eaten6、 On the contrary, I think it is John,you,to blame.A. more than; areB. less than; who areC. rather than; isD. rather than; that is7、My family all fond of singing English songs and we can sing than others.A. is, many moreB. are, many more C. is, much more D. are, much more8、What the science teacher does and says of grea