2017屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)循序?qū)懽髅恐芤痪?步步登高第十二周用途各異的被動、虛擬語氣、倍數(shù)和比較句型

1、第十二周 用途各異的被動、虛擬語氣、倍數(shù)和比較句型被動、虛擬語氣、 倍數(shù)和比較等句型在寫作中都屬于高級句式， 它們的合理運(yùn)用都能給 文章增色添彩。一、用英文思維的被動語態(tài)英文中被動語態(tài)的使用比漢語要多， 要普遍。 一般說來， 當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)動作承受者、不必說出 動作執(zhí)行者或執(zhí)行者含糊不清時， 多用被動語態(tài)。 被動語態(tài)因?yàn)楦怀隹陀^事實(shí)而被廣泛使 用。所以同學(xué)們在寫作時也應(yīng)該注意多用被動語態(tài)，以贏得更高的分?jǐn)?shù)。1主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài) To enlarge vocabulary, we should read more native materials.TTo enl arge vocabulary,mor

2、e n ative materials should be read They carried out a survey among 260 stude nts.tA survey was carried out among 260 students.2寫作中常見的被動語態(tài)（1）be 過去分詞 （be 可使用各種時態(tài) ）1Nowadays, more and more English words are being used in the Chinese Ianguage.（2014 江蘇高考書面表達(dá)）當(dāng)今，越來越多的英語詞匯正在漢語中使用。2Luckily she was not badly

3、 injured and we sent her to thenearesthospital.（2014 湖北高考短文寫作）幸運(yùn)的是，她受傷不嚴(yán)重，并且我們把她送到了最近的醫(yī)院。（2）情態(tài)動詞+ be+過去分詞1To improve the air quality, the use of private carsshould be reduced.為了提高空氣質(zhì)量，應(yīng)該減少使用私家車。2As can be seen from the chart, more and more people own mobile phones in China now.正如從表中所看到的，如今在中國擁有手機(jī)的人越

4、來越多。（3）get 過去分詞1The entrance to the parking place was too small and often got blocked .（2014 北 京高考滿分作文 ）通往停車場的入口太小了，經(jīng)常堵車。22I m feeling very sorry to tell you that I have to change our plan to visitYunnan in July, because one of my feetgot injured .（2014 北京高考滿分作文）我很抱歉地告訴你我不得不改變我們七月份去云南旅游的計劃，因?yàn)槲业囊恢荒_受傷

5、 了。即時演練句型轉(zhuǎn)換(主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài))1. Above all, we must do something to stop pollution.TAbove_all,_something_must_be_done_to_stop_pollu _2. We encourage all the employees to work on line at home.TAll_the_employees_are_en couraged_to_work_ onin e_at_home._3. I suggest that you (should) make friends with people h

6、aving different characteristics or backgroun ds.Tlt_is_suggested_that_you_(should)_make_frie nds_with_people_havi ng_differe _nt_characteristics_or_backgrounds._二、委婉動聽的虛擬語氣虛擬語氣是高中階段較難掌握的句型之一，在運(yùn)用時要注意表達(dá)的準(zhǔn)確性。在高考作文中，常不需要表達(dá)不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的非真實(shí)條件，而一般表達(dá)要求、愿望或者強(qiáng)調(diào)論述觀點(diǎn)的客觀性。1. 陳述語氣變虛擬語氣1I didn t take his advice, so I fai

7、led in the exam.TIf Ihad taken his advice, Iwouldn t have failed in the exam.2It s time for us to take measures to protect endangered animals.TIt s time that we took/should takemeasures to protect endangered animals.2. 寫作中常見的虛擬語氣(1) if 型虛擬語氣，如果，就Secondly,if I were you, I would take a walk in the eve

8、ning with myfrien ds.(2014安徽高考滿分作文)第二，如果我是你，我會在傍晚和朋友一起散步。(2) wish 型虛擬語氣，希望Besides, I wish there wouldn t be too many students in a class.(2014 全國 卷I滿分作文)另外，我希望一個班不會有太多的學(xué)生。(3) as if/though型虛擬語氣，好像.Everythi ng in my childhood crowded upon my mindas if/though they had justhappened.3童年的一切一下子涌入我的大腦，仿佛剛剛發(fā)

9、生似的。(4) if only型虛擬語氣，要是就好了；但愿If only I could go back and reset my goals.(2015重慶高考寫作)要是我能夠回到過去重訂目標(biāo)該有多好。(5) It s (high/about) time (that) .型虛擬語氣，是.的時候了It is high time that both children and parents took/shouldtake action to makesmall cha nges.(2013 福建高考滿分作文)確實(shí)到了孩子和父母行動起來做出改變的時候了。(should) do型虛擬語氣，應(yīng)該To

10、master Man dari n, I stron gly suggest you(should) practicewith Chin esepeople.(2015 四川高考滿分作文)為了掌握普通話，我強(qiáng)烈建議你和中國人進(jìn)行練習(xí)。(7)without/but for/but that含蓄型虛擬語氣，沒有.，要不是.Without your help , I couldn t have won the first place in the English Speaking Competiti on.要是沒有你的幫助，我不可能在英語演講比賽中獲得第一名。即時演練用虛擬語氣補(bǔ)全句子1. 建議每個

11、人都應(yīng)多吃水果和蔬菜。It is suggested that everyone_(should)_eat more fruit and vegetables.2沒有你的幫助，我們不可能提前完成這項(xiàng)工作。Without your help, I wouldn t_have_finished the work ahead of time.3.看我現(xiàn)在所處的糟糕境地！要是我聽了你的建議就好了！Look at the terrible situati on I am in! If on ly l_had_take n your advice!_4是我們該下定決心努力學(xué)習(xí)的時候了。It s high

12、time that we made/should_make_up_our_minds to study hard.三、不比不知道的倍數(shù)和比較句型表示倍數(shù)和比較的句型相對較多，在寫作中靈活運(yùn)用這些句型有利于提高表達(dá)的準(zhǔn)確性，提升文章的檔次。1 .倍數(shù)+ as +形容詞/副詞原級+ (名詞)+ asAfter the new tech nique was in troduced,the product ion of cars this year is twiceas much as that of last year.引進(jìn)新技術(shù)后，今年汽車的產(chǎn)量是去年的兩倍。42. the +比較級 ，the +

13、比較級 越.，就越.The less the teacher does, the more the students do and the more they will learn.(2015 廣東高考滿分作文)老師做得越少，學(xué)生就做得越多，他們學(xué)會的就越多。3. 比較級+ than + any (other) +名詞單數(shù).比任何其他的都.Mike is more hardwork ing tha n any other stude ntin the class.邁克比班里其他的任何一個同學(xué)都勤奮。4. prefer . to .喜歡.勝過.As for wild release and co

14、n trolledrelease, I prefer the latter one to the formerone.(2015 重慶高考滿分作文)對于自由分享和定向分享，我喜歡后者勝過前者。5.be senior/junior to.比 年長/年齡??；（地位或級別等）比高/低Mr. Liu is three years senior to me, and he is also senior to mein our company. 劉先生長我 3 歲，在公司里級別也比我高。即時演練用倍數(shù)和比較句型補(bǔ)全句子1.我們的城市已經(jīng)擴(kuò)展成了一個大城市，是原來的4 倍大。Our city has dev

15、eloped into a big one, which is four_times_as_big as it used_to be.2. 人們賺得越多，似乎想要的也越多，尤其是當(dāng)其他人賺的比他們多的時候。The_more people earn, the_more they seem to want, particularly when others earn more tha nthey do.綜合演練提能I.根據(jù)要求補(bǔ)全句子1. 作為一名學(xué)生，我認(rèn)為應(yīng)該采取一些措施保護(hù)我們的環(huán)境。As a stude nt,Ithi nksome_measures_should_be_taken to

16、protect ourenvironment.（被動語態(tài)）2. 應(yīng)該鼓勵學(xué)生養(yǎng)成良好的習(xí)慣以及表現(xiàn)得更得體。Students should_be_encouraged to develop good habits and behave themselvesbetter.（ 被動語態(tài)）3. 如果當(dāng)時你努力的話，你就能輕松地通過期末考試。5If you had worked hard, you would have easily passed the final exam.（虛擬語氣）4. 我建議你應(yīng)該保持學(xué)習(xí)和娛樂之間的平衡，像運(yùn)動、聽音樂等。l_suggest_you_（should）_kee

17、p_the_balaneebetween your study and entertainment,such as sports, listening to music and so on.（虛擬語氣 ）5 .是我們該采取措施與經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域的犯罪作斗爭的時候了。 It s_high_time_that_we_took/should_take_meas _ to fight against crimes in economicfield.（ 虛擬語氣）6. 如今，一些青少年寧愿在家看電視也不愿意出去做運(yùn)動。Nowadays some teenagers prefer to watch TV at h

18、ome rather than go out to do_ exercise.（ 比較句型）n.請按以下內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)寫一篇英語短文，盡可能多地使用被動語態(tài)、虛擬語氣、倍數(shù)和 比較句型。1. 我的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化，建起了很多新房，人們的生活水平有了很大提高。2. 一般來說，我們越富裕就會感覺越幸福。3. 如果你處在一個嚴(yán)重污染的環(huán)境中，你的心情不會好。4 要是我們永遠(yuǎn)有一個干凈整潔的環(huán)境就好了。5我強(qiáng)烈建議采取措施制止污染。參考范文：Great cha nges have take n place in my hometow n, where a lot of new houses_ havebeen built . People s living standard_has been raised .Gen erally speak ing, the richer we are, the happier we feel. But if you were in a badly-pollutedenvironment, youwouldn t be in a good mood. If only we alwayshad a very