一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)初中詳解版(共11頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上 表格式一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)特點(diǎn)要點(diǎn)內(nèi)容概念一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)是表示現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作存在的狀態(tài)或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作的時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)標(biāo)志語（表示頻率的時(shí)間）提問一般用how often（多久一次）often，sometimes，always，usually,hardly ever,never等頻率詞連用， every day, every week, every month, every term, every year, once a week，twice a year，on Sundays,(on+星期幾+s，“每周星期.”) 謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)構(gòu)成1 be動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

2、 ：am is are（"是"， “在”）2 當(dāng)謂語動(dòng)詞是行為動(dòng)詞的時(shí)候：（1）當(dāng)主語不是第三人稱單數(shù)的時(shí)候，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用行為動(dòng)詞的原形（2）主語是he,she,it等第三人稱單數(shù),動(dòng)詞要變形加s或es 謂語動(dòng)詞語態(tài)構(gòu)成形式被動(dòng)語態(tài)的判斷方法：1. 看是否有被動(dòng)語態(tài)標(biāo)志語：by+人/物2. 看主語與動(dòng)詞關(guān)系是否為被動(dòng)情況（主語為動(dòng)詞的承受者，“被.”）am is are + 過去分詞重要考點(diǎn)：主將從現(xiàn)的判斷方法：1. 運(yùn)用成分法先看主語前面是否有主將從現(xiàn)的標(biāo)志語2. 看從句標(biāo)志語后面的是否是現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)）3. 再確定主句為將來

3、時(shí)態(tài)（一般將來時(shí)：will，shall+動(dòng)原將來進(jìn)行時(shí)：Will，shall+be+doing，將來完成時(shí)：will，shall+have done）1.表示常態(tài)性，規(guī)律性和客觀真理性的動(dòng)詞要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。2.表示主語的性格，能力，擁有，喜好要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。3.在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中，都可用現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來時(shí)（即主將從現(xiàn)原則,一定要有兩個(gè)句子）【常見主將從現(xiàn)的標(biāo)志語有if, as soon as(一就) unless(如果不when, before, until(直到才)等從句標(biāo)志語】He has a dog.I will tell you as soon as he comes here

4、tomorrow.The teacher said the sun is bigger than the moon.動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)之詳解一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一 定義:一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)是表示現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作存在的狀態(tài)或習(xí)慣性，規(guī)律性，真理性的動(dòng)作的時(shí)態(tài)二常用標(biāo)志語：（表示頻率性的時(shí)間，提問用how often“多久一次”）always,（總是，一直） often,（經(jīng)常） usually,（通常）， sometimes （有時(shí)）hardly ever （幾乎不），seldom,（很少，基本沒有），never（從不，絕不）every day（每天），every week（每周），three times a day

5、（一天三次）on Sundays,(on+星期幾+s，“每周星期.”)等。這些標(biāo)志語決定謂語要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，動(dòng)詞用原形或者變態(tài)加s或者es。三. 基本的謂語動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成和句型構(gòu)成及變化謂語動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成分兩種情況：（一） be動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) ：am is are三兄弟1. am is are用法口訣：（"是"， “在”）be動(dòng)詞真?zhèn)ゴ螅鯽m, is, are。我(I)用am，你(you)用are，Is緊連她(she)他(he)它(it)。其余單數(shù)用is，所有復(fù)數(shù)都用are。2.含be動(dòng)詞的肯定句變否定句的方法（否定句標(biāo)志語not，一般在be，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或者助動(dòng)詞后加+not）

6、否定句很簡單，not加在be后邊。1. 含be動(dòng)詞的肯定句變一般疑問句的口訣：（一般疑問句標(biāo)志語就是用Yes,No回答的疑問句）若要變?yōu)橐蓡柧洌琤e移到主語前。主語變化很簡單：“一二互變?nèi)蛔儭?，（主語是I,We變you； you變I .we； my，our變your； he,she.it不變。）句首大寫莫遲疑，句末問號(hào)別忘記?？隙ɑ卮鹩肶es, 否定回答要用No。構(gòu)成：Be+主語+其他的+問號(hào)？ Can +主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他的？ 助動(dòng)詞+主語+動(dòng)詞+其他的？Are you a student? Can you swim? Do you like apples? Does he sing w

7、ell?4.特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句？回答用：主語+動(dòng)詞+其他的回答特殊疑問句的方法：where is your mother?（1）先找特殊疑問句中的主語（位置：在be，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或者助動(dòng)詞后面，一般是人或者物體）（2）再找特殊疑問句中的動(dòng)詞（3）再找動(dòng)詞后面的其他成分。（4）加上答案。（二） 當(dāng)謂語動(dòng)詞是行為動(dòng)詞的時(shí)候：1.當(dāng)主語不是第三人稱單數(shù)（非三單）的時(shí)候，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用行為動(dòng)詞的原形（1）肯定句：主語+動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)溫馨提示1：謂語動(dòng)詞用原形，請do幫忙構(gòu)成否定句和疑問句We（I,You,They） often play basketball after school.主

8、語 標(biāo)志語 謂語（動(dòng)詞原形） 賓語 其他的（2）否定句：主語+ don't+動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。We dont play basketball after school.主語 謂語 賓語 其他的（3）一般疑問句：Do +主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其它? Do you have a pen? Do +主語 謂語（動(dòng)詞原形 ） 賓語？肯定回答：Yes, I do. 否定回答： / No, I don't.（4）特殊疑問句：疑問詞+以do開頭的一般疑問句？ 回答：主語+動(dòng)詞+其他的+答案。 特殊疑問詞 一般疑問句 When do they often go to school ?2. 主語是h

9、e,she,it和單數(shù)名詞等第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞要變形加s或es（溫馨提示1：動(dòng)詞變形要符合兩個(gè)條件：1，主語是三單，2，句子是肯定句溫馨提示2：變形的謂語動(dòng)詞，請does幫忙構(gòu)成否定句和疑問句）(1) 肯定句：主語+變形動(dòng)詞加s或者es+其他的。He swims well.他游泳游得非常好。（主語的能力）My mother likes apples.我媽媽喜歡我。 （主語的性格）The boy has some books.這個(gè)男孩有一些書。（主語所有）(2) 否定句：主語 + doesnt +動(dòng)詞原形 (+其它)。He doesnt(=does not ) swim well. 他游泳游

10、得不好。 （主語的能力）My mother doesnt(=does not ) like me. 我媽媽不喜歡我。 （主語的性格）The boy doesnt(=does not ) have any books. 這個(gè)男孩沒有一些書。（主語所有）（3）一般疑問句：Does +主語 +動(dòng)詞原形 +其它？（用Yes.No回答的句子）Does he swim well ? 肯定回答：Yes, he does. 否定回答： No, he doesn't. Does he swim well? 他游泳游得不好。 （主語的能力）Does your mother like you? 我媽媽不喜歡

11、我。 （主語的性格）Does the boy have any books. 這個(gè)男孩沒有一些書。（主語所有）（4）特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞 +以does+主語+動(dòng)原+其他的（一般疑問句）？回答用肯定句:主語+謂語動(dòng)詞+其他的。How does your father go to work?回答用肯定句回答：My father goes to work by bike. （三）主語單復(fù)數(shù)形式和謂語動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)形式在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)中的對應(yīng)關(guān)系 the boy (名詞單數(shù)) the boys (名詞復(fù)數(shù)) 名詞 buys (動(dòng)詞單數(shù)) buy (名詞復(fù)數(shù)) 動(dòng)詞（四）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)謂語動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)的

12、變化規(guī)則1 .第三人稱單數(shù)的動(dòng)詞變化規(guī)則多數(shù)動(dòng)詞直接加s: runs gets plays 2 結(jié)尾是s, x, sh, ch, o,前為輔音字母, 結(jié)尾加es :cross- crosses mix-mixes wash-washes do-does teach-teaches go-goes 3 . 動(dòng)詞末尾以輔音+y結(jié)尾的，將y改為i加es: study（學(xué)習(xí)）studies fly（放飛，飛）flies 溫馨提示：元音aeiou +y不變y,直接加s:buy-buys say-says 4. 特殊單詞的第三人稱單數(shù)：have-has四 初中一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的重要考點(diǎn)：1. 經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)

13、作，常與時(shí)間標(biāo)志語連用： eg: We always help each other. It often snows in winter. 2.表示主語現(xiàn)在的特征、性格、能力等。（能力，心理，擁有都用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)） eg: He loves sports. Jane is an outgoing girl. We want to buy a bike. Tom and Tim both have medium height. The boy has some books.3.表示客觀、普遍真理 (考點(diǎn)：在賓語從句中，只要是客觀真理，不管主句用什么時(shí)態(tài)，從句都要“堅(jiān)持真理”用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。The

14、teacher said the sun is bigger than the moon.)Two and four makes six. The moon moves round the earth。My teacher said that the earth moves around the sun. 4. 表示格言或警句中。Pride goes before a fall.驕者必?cái)　剀疤崾局匾键c(diǎn)：5. 主將從現(xiàn)原則。 (主將從現(xiàn)原則：主句用一般將來時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來)（1）在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中，都可用現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來時(shí)。（2）常見主將從現(xiàn)的標(biāo)志語：if, as soon

15、as(一就) ，unless(如果不)，when, before, until(直到才)等從句標(biāo)志語。I will tell you as soon as he （come）here tomorrow.I （give）it to him as soon as I see him. 我一看見他就交給他。Suppose he doesnt agree，what shall we do?假如他不同意，那怎么辦?I shall do as I please. 我高興怎么做就怎么做。五一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的判斷方法：1.看是否有常態(tài)性，規(guī)律性的時(shí)態(tài)標(biāo)志語 定時(shí)態(tài)2. 看主語 是否是第三人稱單數(shù)或者非第三人稱單數(shù)

16、 3. 動(dòng)詞變態(tài) （1）當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，（簡稱三單）謂語要變形加s或者es（肯定句） 請does幫忙構(gòu)成否定句和疑問句，動(dòng)詞打回原形。（2）當(dāng)主語不是第三人稱單數(shù)，（簡稱非三單）謂語動(dòng)詞不變用原形。 請do幫忙構(gòu)成否定句和疑問句，動(dòng)詞用原形一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)一 、寫出單詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式read cook use like bring miss watch finish fix go teach wash have say play cry match _ guess_ study_ carry_二、完成下列任務(wù)。（一 ）用所給單詞正確形式填空1. 在下面的短文中填上恰當(dāng)be動(dòng)詞。I

17、 _ a girl. My name _ Mary. I _ in Class 2, Grade 7. I _ 12 years old. Here _ my family photo. Look! These _ my parents and those _ my grandparents. This boy _ my brother. He _ 15 years old now. That _ my cat, Mimi. It _ very lovely.2.用be動(dòng)詞的正確形式完成下列句子。1. I _ a student. 6. You _ students.2. She _ a st

18、udent. 7. We _ students.3. He _ a student. 8. You and I _ students.4. It _ a country. 9. They _ students.5. You _ a student. 10. Jim and Tom _ in Americ（二）用所給單詞正確形式填空 go have live love take talk1.I _ in a flat in Beijing. 2.I _ breakfast at 7 a.m.3.I _ to school with my classmate. 4.I _ my cousin An

19、dy very much.5.I _ to my classmates at lunchtime. 6.I _ my dog for a walk every day.（三）用所給的人稱改寫句子1.I take photos on Sunday. ( Mike)2.We grow beautiful flowers. (she)3.They like collecting stamps. (Ben)4.I listen to music carefully. (my aunt)5.You like making a model ship. (Helen)6.We clean the class

20、room every day. (he)7.They look after the pandas. (Mr Wang)8.I draw a tree and some flowers. (Nancy)9.We go to bed at eight. ( my sister) （四）用括號(hào)里面的單詞的正確形式填空。1. This is my father. He _(play) tennis every day.2. This is my mother. She _(not play) tennis on Sundays.3. These are my grandparents. They _(

21、like) watching TV.4. I usually _ (go) running for half an hour at the weekend.5. My grandparents _ (like) watching TV very much.6. This _(be) my cat. It _(love) me.7. _ (be) your sister a member of the Reading Club?8. She often _ (finish) her homework at 9:00 in the evening.9. Cats like _ (eat) fish

22、.10. We _ (not have) a Music lesson on Thursdays.11. His uncle _ (not get) up early on Saturdays.三、根據(jù)上下文完成對話。Millie: Daniel, do you play tennis after school?Daniel: No, I _ tennis after school.Millie: Does Simon play football after school?Daniel: Yes, he always _ football after school.Millie: Does A

23、my walk h ome after school?Daniel; No, she _ home after school.Millie: Does she take the bus?Daniel: Yes, she _ the bus every day.Millie: Do you like watching TV?Daniel: No, I _ watching TV.四、 根據(jù)括號(hào)單詞完成文章。Hi , I _(be) Tom. I am 12 years old. My birthday _ (be) on 8th October. I was born in Changzhou.

24、 I _(have) a little brother. He _(be) 11. He _ (like) reading .but he _(not do) work hard.I _(be) very tall. My hair is black. I have black eyes and I _(wear) glasses.I enjoy maths and English very much. They _(be) interesting.I love swimming .I am in the Swimming Club.I _(not do ) like playing foot

25、ball. 五、單選1 Jenny _ in an office. Her parents _in a hospital.A work works B works work C work are working D is working work2 One of the boys_ a black hat.A have B there is C there are D has3 We will go shopping if it_ tomorrow.A don't rain B didn't rain C doesn't rain D isn't rain 4

26、He said the sun _in the east and _in the west.A rose; set B rises; sets C rises, set  D rise; sets5 Wang Mei _ music and often _ to music.A like; listen B likes; listens C like; are listening D liking ; listen6 Jenny_ English every evening.A has study B studies C study D studied六句型轉(zhuǎn)換：1.He often

27、 flies a kite in the park.(改為否定句) He _ often _ a kite in the park.2.She always misses the early bus in the morning.（改為一般疑問句） _ she always _ the early bus in the morning?3. Her mother usually watches TV in the evening.（提問） _ _ her mother usually _ in the evening?4.She walks home after school every da

28、y.（主語改為復(fù)數(shù)they） They _ home after school every day. 提問：5. Boys like playing computer games.(改為否定句) Boys _ _ playing computer games.6. Do you often play football after school? (肯定回答和否定回答) 7. I have many books.  （改為否定句） 8. Tom has some books. （改為否定句）9 . I watch TV every day. （改為一般疑問

29、句）  10. David has got a goal. （改為一般疑問句）11. We have four lessons.（否定句）12. Nancy doesn't run fast （肯定句）13. My dog runs fast. 否定句： 一般疑問句：14. I usually play football on Friday afternoon. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的提升練習(xí)一、用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.I like _ (swim). 2.He _(read) English every day.3.We _(go)to school at seven i

30、n the morning. 4.Mike_(go)to school at seven in the morning.5.My mother_(like) _(go) shopping. 6.I can _(draw) many beautiful pictures.7.She_(make) a model plane. 8.Do you _(like)_(run)?9.Does he_(like)_(jump) ? 10.Does Nancy_(grow)flowers on Saturday ?11.The teachers_(like)_(dance). 12.The teacher_

31、(like)_(dance).13.The students_(speak) English in class. 14.The student_(speak) Chinese after class. 15. Let's_and play football . ( go ) 16. He_ like swimming . ( not ) 17. I'm sorry _that . ( hear ) 18. Wang Bing is_ ( write ) an E-mail to his friend .19. He has_a headache . ( get )20. _yo

32、u study English at school ? Yes , I_. ( do )21. _your sister study English at school ? No , she_ . ( do )22. I'm _ better . ( feel ) 23I _(write) to you as soon as I _(get) to London. 24. He doesn't feel well and _(not eat) any food this morning. 25. He _ _( not see) me come in, for he _(rea

33、d) something with great interest. 26. I _(let) you ( have) the book as soon as I _(finish) it. 27. While we _(wait) for our teacher, a little boy _(run) up to us. 28. Don't make a niose. Grandpa _(sleep). 29.It's seven now, Tom's family_(watch) TV. 30. It _(take) me two hours to finish m

34、y homework last night. 31. What _ your mother _(do) at eight yesterday evening?- She _(wash) clothes. 32. _ it _ (rain) when school was over yesterday? 33. What _you (do) _ tomorrow? - We _ (play) football. 34. There _ (be) a football match on TV this evening. 35. They said they _ (visit) the Great

35、Wall the next summer holiday. 36. Who _ (dance) the best in your class? 37. Will you come if he _ (not come)? 38. The teacher told us the earth _ (move) round the sun. 39 She _ (buy) a sweater yesterday.40. They _ (have) a party in the garden if it _ (not rain) tomorrow. 41. I don't know if Mr.W

36、ang _ (go) to Shanghai tomorrow. If he _ (go), I _ (ask) him _ (take) some books to my daughter, because she _ (study) there. 42 _your sister_(know)English? 43Her home_(遠(yuǎn)離 )her school.44The pot_(not look) like yours very much. 45 .Where _you_(have)lunch every day?46 Who_(想要 )to go swimming? 47_she_(

37、do) the housework every day?48 Jenny and Danny usually_(play) games in the afternoon .49. He (play) football very well.50 Danny (go) to school at 7:10. 51. Jenny (has) a good friend? 52. Brian （not live) in China.53. We (not do) our homework in the afternoon. 54. Li Ming with me (be) in Beijing. 55.

38、 If it (not rain) tomorrow,I will go to the park.56.Our teacher said that the earth (go)around the sun yesterday.三、單項(xiàng)選擇： 1.The students will go to the Summer Palace if it _ tomorrow. A.don't rain B. doesn't rain C. won't rain 2. There _ an English film next week. A. will have B. is going

39、 to have C. is going to be D. was going to be 3. The picture _ nice. A.looks B.is looked C.look D.is looking 4. She _ down and soon fell asleep. A. live B. lain C. laid D. lay 5. They _ the office at nine yesterday morning. A. reached to B. arrived C. went D. got to 6. We shall go to Shanghai on business before you _ back next week. A. wil come B. came C. would come D. come 7. Don't smoke until the plane _ off. A.takes B.took C.was taken D.is take 8. I s