高考英語(yǔ)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞講解及習(xí)題附答案

1、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞常見(jiàn)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有：can 能 may 可以 will，would （表意愿）need 需要 dare 敢 must 必須 have to 不得不shall，should 應(yīng)該（表義務(wù)） ought to 應(yīng)該1.can，could 的用法1.1表能力，有“能”、“會(huì)”、“能夠”的意思例如：Can you drive a car? 你會(huì)開(kāi)車嗎？-Yes, I can. 我會(huì)。-No, I can't. 我不會(huì)。 1.2表允許，在口語(yǔ)中代替 may，有“可以”的意思例如：Can I use your bike?我可以用你的自行車嗎？ 1.3表示可能性，常用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句例如：Ca

2、n it be true?那會(huì)是真的嗎？ Today is Sunday. He can't be at school.今天是星期天。他不可能在學(xué)校里。1.4過(guò)去式could表示的語(yǔ)氣更加委婉、客氣例如：Could I come to see you tomorrow?明天我可以來(lái)見(jiàn)你嗎？1.5 can 和 be able to 的比較1) can 只有一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)兩種時(shí)態(tài)(could)，其他時(shí)態(tài)要用be able to的形式例如：I haven't been able to get in touch with her.我一直沒(méi)能和她聯(lián)系上。2) 通常can 和 be

3、 able to 可以互換例如：He will come if he can.如果可能的話，他一定會(huì)來(lái)。2.may，might的用法2.1表示許可或征求對(duì)方的許可，有“可以”的意思。例如：You may go now.你可以走了。May I use your computer?我用一下你的電腦可以嗎？2.2回答以may開(kāi)頭的疑問(wèn)句有如下表達(dá)法：例如：May I smoke here? 我可以在這兒抽煙嗎？-Yes, you may. -Yes, please.-No, you can't. -No, you mustn't.-No, you'd better not.2

4、.3表示猜測(cè)，通常只用于陳述句例如：You may be right.你可能是對(duì)的。 2.4過(guò)去式might表示的語(yǔ)氣更加委婉、客氣例如：Might I use your pen for a while?我能用用你的鋼筆嗎？2.5在口語(yǔ)中can可以代替may表示許可，但can較隨便，may更正式例如：Can I use your bike, John?約翰，我可以用一下你的自行車嗎？ May I have a look at your license please, sir?先生，我可以看一下你的執(zhí)照嗎3.must 的用法3.1表義務(wù)，“必須”例如：You must talk to them

5、about their study.你必須同他們談?wù)勱P(guān)于他們學(xué)習(xí)的事。 3.2在否定結(jié)構(gòu)中表不許、禁止例如：You mustn't leave here.你不能離開(kāi)這兒。 3.3表堅(jiān)定的建議例如：You must come and see us as soon as you get to Shanghai.一到上海你就得馬上來(lái)見(jiàn)我們。 3.4表推測(cè)，暗含有很大的可能性例如：He must be ill. He looks so pale.他肯定是病了。他的臉色那么蒼白。注意may 暗含的可能性較小，must 暗含的可能性較大。3.5關(guān)于must的簡(jiǎn)短回答：例如：Must I clean

6、 the dining room at once? 我必須馬上打掃餐廳嗎？-Yes, you must. -No, you needn't. -No, you don't have to.4.have to的用法have to 雖屬于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，但它有人稱、數(shù)的變化，它的疑問(wèn)句否定句的構(gòu)成也和其他情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有所不同。4.1 have to表客觀的需要和義務(wù)，must表主觀認(rèn)識(shí)例如：I missed the train, so I had to take a taxi.我沒(méi)搭上火車，所以我只得打的。4.2在疑問(wèn)句和否定句中，have to多用助動(dòng)詞do構(gòu)成，must則直接提前或加no

7、t。例如：Did he have to do it?他得做那件事嗎？He didn't have to do it.他不需要做那件事。4.3在否定句中，have to表示不需要，must表不允許。例如：You don't have to go there.你不需要去那兒。 You mustn't go there?你不可去那兒。4.4雖然must可以用在過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)中，但是have to更能直接了當(dāng)?shù)谋磉_(dá)過(guò)去時(shí)間概念。例如：She must see Hubert that very night.她必須在那個(gè)晚上見(jiàn)到休伯特。 I had to leave at six yes

8、terday.我得在昨天6點(diǎn)離開(kāi)。5.need 的用法need既可用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，又可用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，沒(méi)有數(shù)和人稱的變化，后接動(dòng)詞原形；作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，有數(shù)的變化和人稱的變化，后接帶to的不定式。5.1用于否定句，表“不必”例如：You needn't worry.你不必?fù)?dān)心。 I don't think you need worry.我想你不必?fù)?dān)心。 5.2用于疑問(wèn)句，表“需要嗎”例如：Need you go? 你得去嗎？-No, I needn't. 不必。-Yes, I must. 是的，我必須去。 5.3 need用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，要注意始終以實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的標(biāo)

9、準(zhǔn)貫徹到底例如：（正確）Do you need to go there?（錯(cuò)誤）Do you need go there?6.will和would的用法6.1 will，用于構(gòu)成將來(lái)時(shí)是助動(dòng)詞。用于表示“意志”“決心”“請(qǐng)求”是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。would亦同理。例如：He'll be here this afternoon.今天下午他會(huì)來(lái)這兒。（助動(dòng)詞） Will you tell her that I'm here?請(qǐng)您告訴她說(shuō)我在這兒，好嗎？（情態(tài)動(dòng)詞） 6.2用于各種人稱，表示“意志”“決心”“允諾”例如：I will try.我愿一試。 6.3在疑問(wèn)句中用于第二人稱，提出請(qǐng)求

10、或詢問(wèn)例如：If you want help， let me know, will you?如果你需要幫助，讓我知道，好嗎？ Will you type this, please?請(qǐng)打印這個(gè)，好嗎？ Won't you sit down?請(qǐng)坐下，好嗎？6.4 would比will客氣委婉例如：Would you help us, please?請(qǐng)您幫助我們，好嗎？（表請(qǐng)求） I'd go there with you.我要和你一塊到那兒去。（表意愿） Dad wouldn't allow it.爸爸不會(huì)允許這件事。（表許可）7.shall和should的用法7.1 sh

11、all用于構(gòu)成將來(lái)時(shí)是助動(dòng)詞，shall用于征求對(duì)方的意見(jiàn)，表示“決心”是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞例如：Perhaps I shall pay a visit to England this winter.可能今年冬天我會(huì)去英國(guó)觀光。（構(gòu)成一般將來(lái)時(shí)，助動(dòng)詞） Shall I turn on the light, Mom?媽媽，我把燈打開(kāi)好嗎？（用于征求對(duì)方的意見(jiàn)，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞） I shall be there.我會(huì)到那兒去的。（表“決心”，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞） 7.2 should用于構(gòu)成將來(lái)時(shí)是助動(dòng)詞。should用于表示“應(yīng)當(dāng)”“猜測(cè)”是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞例如：We thought we should never see y

12、ou again.我們以為再也見(jiàn)不到你了。（構(gòu)成一般過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，助動(dòng)詞） I should write some letters tonight.今晚我得寫幾封信。（表“應(yīng)當(dāng)”，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞） They should be there by now.他們現(xiàn)在可能到了。（表“猜測(cè)”，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞）8.ought to的用法ought to 表示應(yīng)該、理應(yīng)做什么例如：You ought to clean the classroom , for it is your turn today.你應(yīng)該把教室打掃了，因?yàn)榻裉焓悄阒等铡?.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示“推測(cè)”的用法情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示“推測(cè)”時(shí)，要記住以下兩種推測(cè)和形式推測(cè)

13、：對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的推測(cè)；對(duì)現(xiàn)在狀態(tài)的推測(cè)。兩種形式：用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞加完成時(shí)態(tài)表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的推測(cè)；用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞加動(dòng)詞原型表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在發(fā)生動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的推測(cè)。具體用法如下：9.1 must have done表示過(guò)去一定做了什么，語(yǔ)氣十分肯定例如：You must have finished your work.你一定完成了你的工作。9.2 cant have done表示過(guò)去不可能做了什么，語(yǔ)氣也比較肯定(是上面的否定形式)例如：He cant have gone to Beijing, for I had a talk with him just now.他不可能去過(guò)北京，因?yàn)槲覄偤退?/p>

14、交談過(guò)。9.3 neednt have done表示過(guò)去沒(méi)有必要做什么但已經(jīng)做了。例如：You neednt have come earlier. 你不需要來(lái)這么早的。9.4 should have done過(guò)去該做什么但沒(méi)有做。(含有責(zé)備的意思)。例如：You should have started earlier.你本應(yīng)該早點(diǎn)開(kāi)始的。9.5 shouldnt have done表示過(guò)去不該做什么但做了。(含有責(zé)備的意思)例如：You shouldnt have helped him, he could do it himself.你本不該幫助他的，他能自己做。9.6 ought to ha

15、ve done表示過(guò)去該做什么而沒(méi)有做。(是職責(zé)和義務(wù))例如：You ought to have helped him. (but you didnt.)你應(yīng)該幫助他的。9.7 can/could do sth.表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的猜測(cè)，常用于否定句、疑問(wèn)句或感嘆句中。例如：This news cant be true.這消息不可能是真的。9.8 may/might do sth. 表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的猜測(cè)，常用于肯定句中。例如：Mr.Wang may know Professor Lis telephone number.王先生也許知道李教授的電話號(hào)碼。針對(duì)性練習(xí)：1) You_ all those

16、 clothes! We have a washing machine to do that sort of thingA) needn't have washedB) shouldn't have washedC) must not have washedD) can not have washed2) John's score on the test is the highest in the class; he_ last night.A) should study B) should have studiedC) must have studiedD) must

17、 have to study3) The room is in a terrible mess; it _cleaned. (CET-4, 1996,6)A) can't have beenB) shouldn't have beenC) mustn't have been D) wouldn't have been4) Nobody knows how people first came to these islands. They _ from South America on rafts.A) must have sailedB) can sailC) m

18、ight have sailedD) should have sailed5) Mary was not in her bedroom yesterday afternoon. She _ in her classroom.A) should have beenB) must have beenC) must beD) should be6) Bob said he was going to join our club but he didn't. He _ his mind.A) can't have changedB) wouldn't have changedC)

19、 must have changedD) shouldn't have changed7) You_ to town to see the film yesterday. It will be on TV tonight.A) needn't goB) had better not goC) should not goD) needn't have gone8) We_ the letter yesterday, but it didn't arrive.A) must receiveB) ought to receiveC) must have receive

20、dD) ought to have received9) With all the work on hand, he_ to the cinema last night.A) mustn't goB) shouldn't have gone C) could not goD) couldn't have gone10) Eve was late for class again. She _earlier.A) should get upB) must get upC) need to get upD) should have got up11) I am feeling

21、 sick. I_ so much chocolate.A) needn't have eaten B) couldn't have eaten C) mustn't have eaten D) shouldn't have eaten12) I didn't send out my application form last week, but I _.A) had B) would doC) should have D) might have to13) Walking alone in the deserted village, John was

22、scared. He thought he_ Tom to go with him.A) might have askedB) should askedC) must have asked D) should have asked14) When I got to the cinema, the film had already started; I_ there earlier.A) ought to getB) ought to have gotC) must have gotD) must get15) The road was muddy. It_ last night.A) must

23、 rainedB) must have rainedC) must be rainedD) could have rained16) She can speak quite fluent English. She_.A) must been in the U.S.A. for some timeB) must have been in the U.S.A. for some timeC) should have been in the U.S.A. for some timeD) May be in the U.S.A. for some time 17) You should bear in

24、 mind that he is not so strong as he_.A) was used to beB) used to beC) was used toD) use to18)- “We didn't see him at the exhibition yesterday.” - “He _it.”A) mustn't visitB) can't have visitedC) should have gone to seeD) may see 19) Mary _my letter, otherwise she would have replied befo

25、re now.A) should have received B) has receivedC) Couldn't have receivedD) ought to have received20) I _ you a valuable present for your birthday, but I was short of money.A) would have liked to giveB) liked to give C) have liked to giveD) would like to give21)- “Where _ my umbrella?” - “Somebody

26、 _ it away by mistake.”A) is, must have takenB) is, must takeC) have been, must takeD) is, takes22) What _ would happen if the director knew you felt that way?A) will you supposeB) you supposeC) do you supposeD) you would suppose23) Two eyes _see more than one.A) canB) mayC) willD) should24) _ you c

27、ontinue in your efforts and achieve new and greater successes.A) WouldB) WillC) MayD) Should 25) We ought to help each other in our work, _?A) oughtn't weB) should weC) shouldn't weD) ought to we26) Tom _ better than to ask Dick for help.A) shall knowB) shouldn't know C) has knownD) shou

28、ld have known27) You _ your tooth pulled out before it rot completely.A) had better gotB) had to get better C) had better to getD) had better get28) When we got to the cinema, the film hasn't started yet, so we _.A) needn't hurryB) didn't need hurryC) needn't to hurryD) needn't h

29、ave hurried29) It was really very dangerous; you _ him seriously.A) might have injuredB) could injureC) should have injuredD) must injure 30) As he had heart attack, he was told that he _ continue the work.A) needn't B) may not C) mustn'tD) can't31) An Englishman who _not speak Italian w

30、as once traveling in Italy.A) mustB) couldC) may D) might32) I _like to make a suggestion.A) could B) would C) must D) might33) I know things are hard with you, but you _try to get over the difficulties.A) can B) may C) must D) ought34 I can't find the recorder in the room. It _ by somebody.A) m

31、ay have been taken away B) may leave C) may take away D) must have taken away35) He _the 9:20 train because he didn't leave home till 9:25.A) can reach B) could catchC) may not catch D) couldn't have caught情態(tài)動(dòng)詞部分練習(xí)題答案1)A 2)C 3)A 4)C 5)B 6)C 7)D 8)D 9)D 10)D 11)D 12)C 13)D 14)B 15)B 16)B 17)B

32、 18)C 19)C 20)A 21)A 22)C 23)A 24)C 25)A 26)D 27)D 28)D 29)A 30)C 31)B 32)B 33)C 34)A 35)D1. You _angry with her, for she is very young.A. need not to be  B. dont need to  C. need not be  D. need not2. “It _Mary who is in the office.”“Im sure it _her. I saw her off at the airport just

33、 twenty minutes ago.”A. cant be, cant be    B. must be, mustnt beC. must be, cant be   D. cant be, mustnt be3. You look pale. You _ill.A. can be  B. must be  C. should be D. has to be4. You _in your exercises in time so that you can get them back now.A. should hand 

34、;   B. shall hand C. Shall have handed   D. should have handed5. He saw her only a minute ago, so he said that she _ not have gone to Tibet.A. must B. could C. might D. need6. “Wont you tell me more about your problems?”“I _talk about it any more.”A. would rather not to   B.

35、 wouldnt rather C. would rather not    D. wouldnt rather to7. “My goodness I just missed the train.”“Thats too bad. I am sure you _ it, if you had hurried.”A. could have caught   B. had caught  C. would catch   D. could catch8. I _ tell her the truth.A. cannot

36、 help   B. cannot but  C. may not help   D. could but9. It was so dark outside that he didnt _. A. dare to go out to fetch some water B. dare fetch some waterC. dare to go out bring some water D. to dare to fetch some water10. He left yesterday, so he _ in Beijing.A. may arr

37、ive   B. may have arrived  C. must arrive   D. arrived11. Comrade Li _ be in Beijing because I saw him in town only a few minutes ago. A. mustnt B. cant C. may not D. isnt able to 12. You _ go now. Its getting late.A. had rather   B. would rather  C. had bette

38、r   D. would better13. Since she is angry, we _.A. had better to leave her alone B. should leave her aloneC. might as well leave her alone D. must leave her alone14. Look, what youve done! You _ more careful.A. may be B. had to C. should have been D. would be15. She _ for what she has done

39、.A. ought to praise B. ought be praised C. ought to praised D. ought to be praised16. I _ get this done immediately or it will be too late.A. can B. shall C. may D. must17. _ I ask your name, please?A. Will B. Shall C. May D. Must18. Why _ you always interrupt me?A. can B. will C. may D. must19. He

40、_ blind not to see that car coming.A. can have been   B. will have been  C. may have been   D. must have been20. He was a good swimmer so he _ swim to the river bank when the boat sank.A. could B. might C. succeeded to D. was able to21. _ repeat the question? A. Shall I 

41、;      B. Will I C. Would you like that I      D. Do you want that I 22. Since the ground is wet, it _ last night.A. should have rained   B. has rained  C. must rain   D. must have rained23._open the door for you?A. Would you

42、 like me    B. Do you want me C. Will you mind me      D. Shall I24.Professor Li, many students want to see you. _they wait here or outside?A. Do B. Will C. Shall D. Are25.I wasnt sure whether I _offer to help or not.A. should B. might C. would D. could26. “I

43、havent felt well for a week.”“You_ see a door.”A. had ought to B. had better  C. should have to D. had rather27.You _read that book if you dont want to.A. havent B. cant C. mustnt D. neednt28.Although he tried he_ not make it.A. would B. should C. might D. could29.I have neither a raincoat nor

44、an umbrella. Thats why I _wait until the rain stops.A. must B. should C. ought to D. have to30.He ought _have done so even if possible.A. not to B. to not C. not D. never31.It _be difficult to learn Tibetan.A. shall B. must C. should D. need32.He promised he _not do it any more.A. would B. should C.

45、 might D. could33.I _ have been here, but I_ not find the time.A. should, would B. should, could  C. might, could D. could, could34.I want to go the doctor, but you _with me.A. need not to go   B. do not need go   C. need not go   D. need go not35.I dont believe hi

46、m. He _ be serious.A. neednt B. cant C. maynt D. mustnt36.Would you like to see the movie tonight? I _ meet you at the gate of the StudentCenter.A. may B. will C. must D. ought to37.I _ not get away any sooner although I had planned to leave earlier.A. should B. would C. could D. might38. She quicke

47、ned her pace in order that she _ with the others.A. may catch up B. might catch up C. could have caught up D. might have caught up39. The boy stood there without _ a word.A. dare to say B. daring to say  C. dared to say D. dare say40. _ you rather sit at the back?A. Wont B. Wouldnt C. Dont D. W

48、ill41. You _ yourself about money.A. need not worry B. have worryC. are not being worried D. need not be worried42. How _ so?A. dare you to say B. dare you say  C. do you dare say D. dare to say43. The plant is dead. I _ it more water.A. will give B. would have given C. must give D. should have

49、 given44. There was plenty of time. She _.A. mustnt have hurried B. couldnt have hurriedC. mustnt hurry D. neednt have hurried45. “They have changed the program without notice.”“Thats a pity; _ yesterdays football match.”A. I like to watch   B. I liked watchingC. Id like watching 

50、0; D. Id like to have watched46. “Would you like to join us in the game?” “ _.”A. Much obliged   B. You are welcome  C. Id love to   D. If you please47. I think that you had better _ earlier.A. start getting up    B. to get up C. to start to get up  

51、 D. started getting up48. To learn to swim well, _.A. much practice is needed by one B. one is needed much practiceC. much practice is needed D. one needs much practice49. The streets are all dry. It _ during the night.A. cant have rained B. mustnt have rainedC. couldnt rain D. shouldnt have rained5

52、0. - “Did you blame him for his mistakes?” - “Yes, but _ it.”A. I shouldnt have done B. I shouldnt doC. I should have done   D. I should do 15 CCBDB 610 CABAB 1115 BCCCD 1620 DCDDD2125ADDCA 2630BDDDA 3135 BABCB 3640BCBBB 4145ABDDD 4650 CADAA1. “ Must we do it now?” “ No, you _.”A. won

53、t B. neednt C. cant D. dont2. He said he would rather not _ it right now. A. doing B. to do C. do D. to be doing 3. You _ to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important to do. A. neednt to come B. dont need come C. dont need coming D. neednt come4. “ May I pick a flower in the garden?

54、” “ _.” A. No, you neednt B. Not, please C. No, you mustnt D. No, you wont5. Youd better _ late next time. A. dont B. not be C. not being D. wont be6. “ Can I leave this door open at night?” “ You _ better not.” A. should B. could C. would D. must7. Put on more clothes. You _ be feeling cold with only a shirt on. A. can B. could C. would D. must8. I thought you _ like something to read, so I have brought you some books. A. may B. might C. could D. must 9. There was plenty of time. She _. A. mustnt have hurried B. couldnt have hurried C. must not