2018年浙江省杭州市中考真題英語

1、2021年浙江省杭州市中考真題英語第一局部聽力理解略第二局部閱讀理解共兩節(jié)，總分值40分第一節(jié)共15小題，每題2分，總分值30分 閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)A、B、C和D中選出最正確選項(xiàng)。AWhen Canadian teenager Ryan was six years old, his teacher told him that in many parts of Africa, there was no clean water. She said that people often made themselves ill, and even died, just from drin

2、king or bathing in dirty water.What she said made Ryan upset. He decided to raise money for a well 井so that people inAfrica could have clea n water. He did extra chores for his pare nts and raised $70 all by himself.Then he found out that it actually cost $2,000 to dig a well.Most people would have

3、give n up at this point, but not Ryan. He was disappo in ted, but determ ined to raise more mon ey. Fin ally he collected over $2,000. That money was used to dig the first of“ Ryan's wells.Since then, Ryan has continued to raise money for more wells. In fact, Ryan has raised over $1,500 ,000!Rya

4、n calls himself“ a no rmal boy an dajkesstoqaikey whe n he's not in school ortraveli ng around the world talk ing to other stude nts about himself and his work. As for the future. he has said that he isn't exactly sure what he will choose to do.“ Somethi ng along the lines oflawyer or a teac

5、her. Maybe a leader! 16. Rya n's teacher told him about the water problem in Africa in order to.A. en courage Ryan to dig wells for people in AfricaB. ask Ryan to raise money for poor people in AfricaC. make Ryan feel un happy and disappo in tedD. educate Ryan to care about Africa n people in di

6、fficulty.解析：考查推理判斷題。難度較小，通過第一段，老師告訴同學(xué)們非洲沒有干凈的水源，這是為了教育學(xué)生們要關(guān)注有困難的非洲人民。應(yīng)選D。答案：D17. What does Ryan think of himself accord ing to the passage?A. He is differe nt from other stude nts in many ways.B. He n ever gives up whe n he has decided to do someth ing.C. He is tale nted and can do many great things

7、 in the future,D. He's like other stude nts with his own hobby and dreams.解析：考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題，難度較小，定位原文第5段，Ryan calls himself "a normal boy說明Ryan覺得自己是一個(gè)普通的男孩，有自己的愛好和理想。答案：D18. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Ryan and His TeacherB. Rya n and His Wells.C. Ryan and His Money

8、D. Ryan and His Future解析：考查主旨大意題。難度適中，此題需要結(jié)合首末段和各段主旨句進(jìn)行理解，這篇文章主要講述Ryan為了幫助非洲人民而籌錢造井的事。答案：Bs exactly whBWho wants to eat food that is throw n away as waste? Believe it or not, that world leaders did at a lunch held by the Un ited Natio ns in 2021.During the meal, the world leaders enjoyed dishes like

9、 salads and burgers made with throw n-away vegetables and fruits. Chef Dan Barber, who helped create the meal, hoped that the experie nee would make the leaders pay more atte ntio n to the issue of food waste.It is a huge problem. One out of nine people on Earth does not get eno ugh food. Yet every

10、year over one third of the food produced worldwide goes to waste!Why is so much food wasted? Firstly, food is ofte n throw n away before it reaches customers because too much of it is produced, or because it is not kept properly in farms. Secondly, shops and supermarkets usually throw away un sold f

11、ood. Fin ally, customers ofte n buy more food tha n they n eed, so a lot of un eate n food is wasted.How can you waste less food? When eating out, you may ask for less food and take home what is left. Visit fast food restaura nt less ofte n, since they usually more wasteful. En courage your favorite

12、 restaura nts to give un sold food to food ban ks.You can also waste less food at home. Use smaller rice bowls so that you serve less rice.Encourage family members to use unfinished rice to make rice puddings. Tell family members to make a shopp ing list and buy only what is on the list whe n shopp

13、ing for food.Food waste is a growing problem and we, either farmers or food sellers or customers, must take this problem more seriously and do what we can to help.19. What did world leaders do at a lunch held by the Un ited Nati ons in 2021?A. They threw away food as waste during the meal.B. They ma

14、de dishes with waste vegetables and fruitsC. They ate food made with waste vegetables and fruits.D. They helped Chef Dan Barber create the special meal.解析：考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題，難度較小。Who wants to eat food that is throw n away as waste? Thatexactly what world leaders did at a lunch held by the Un ited Nation in 202

15、1.結(jié)合第二段首句可知各國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人吃了被當(dāng)作垃圾扔掉的水果和蔬菜做成的食物。答案：C20. The underlined word"issue in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to .A. resultB. problemC. causeD. begi nning解析：考查詞義猜想題，難度適中。通過第二段可知，這個(gè)活動(dòng)是為了讓領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者更多地關(guān)注 食物浪費(fèi)問題。答案：B21. The writer orga ni zes Paragraph 4 by ask ing a questi on and.A. givi ng examplesB. usi

16、ng nu mbersC. list ing reas onsD. telling a story解析：考查段落結(jié)構(gòu)題，難度適中，通過文章：firstly, sec on dly, fin ally可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，作者通過提問和舉例說明的方式來構(gòu)造這個(gè)段落。答案：C22. Which way of wasti ng less food is men ti oned in the passage?A. Buying un sold food from supermarkets.B. Keep ing food properly in fridge.C. Using smaller rice bowls

17、 when eating out.D. Ask ing for less food in restaura nts.解析：考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題，難度較小。根據(jù)第五段第二句。答案：DCBananas are the perfect sn ack. Not only are they sweet and delicious, but they are easy to carry around, so you can take them any where. Best of all, bananas provide differe nt thi ngs that the huma n body n eed

18、s!Bananas grow best in warm places that get lots of rain. They grow on plants that look like trees. The banana plant, however, is considered a herb rather than a tree because it doesn 'have a strong , woody stem 莖，干 . The plants can grow as high as 30 feet. When they reach their full height, flo

19、wers grow out from the stem. These flowers produce banan as.Two or three times each year, the plants produce fruit. The bananas grow together, which seem like “ hands .hand is made up of 10 to 20 bananas. Growers sometimes call bananas “ fin gers . Each bui叢of bananas has about 15 han ds, and so a w

20、hole bunch may have as many as 200 bananas and can weigh more tha n 100 poun ds.reAfter about three mon ths, the bananas are ready to be picked. At this point, they still aren the sunny yellow color of bananas. Farmers pick them when they ' geeen. That ' how they ' shipped to stores. The

21、y turn yellow along the way and are ready to be sold.If you love banan as, you ' ve got a lot of compa ny. America ns have bee n enjoying bananas since the first shipment arrived in the United States in 1876. Today, American eat more bananas than any other fruit. More bananas are sold tha n appl

22、es and grapes together. Every America n eats over 26 pounds of bananas each year!23. The first paragraph mainly talks about.A. why people like bananasB. how bananas tasteC. what bananas are rich inD. where bananas are take n解析：考查主旨大意題，難度適中。此類題目并不能夠在原文中找到相同句子或者答案，需 要通讀段落，根據(jù)段落的大意總結(jié)概括。此題問的是第一段的主要內(nèi)容，通過第

23、一段的關(guān)鍵詞"perfect、“provide ，關(guān)鍵句"not only.but also 可知，第一段主要講的是為什么人們 喜歡香蕉，應(yīng)選A。答案：A24. What is the correct order in which these happe n?a. The bananas begin to turn yellowb. A banana pla nt grows to full height.c. The flowers produce banan as.d. The bananas are ready to be picked.A. c-b-a-dB. b-

24、c-d-aC. b-c-a-dD. c-b-d-a解析：考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題，難度適中。需要通讀全文，找出 a-d在文中相應(yīng)的細(xì)節(jié)信息，并進(jìn) 行排序。首先b出現(xiàn)在第二段倒數(shù)第二句，再是c出現(xiàn)在第二段倒數(shù)第一句，d出現(xiàn)在第四段第一句，最后a出現(xiàn)在第四段最后一句，故為B正確選項(xiàng)。答案：B25. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. The banana pla nt is a kind of tree.B. Bananas like grow ing in hot and dry areas.C. One banana pl

25、a nt usually produces fruit once a year.D. The banana pla nt usually produces fruit once a year.解析：考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題，難度稍大。需要整合文章的細(xì)節(jié)信息，由于四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的出處有可能 不在同一處，需要針對(duì)每個(gè)選項(xiàng)找到原文的對(duì)應(yīng)語句，進(jìn)行判斷，常用排除法。A選項(xiàng)從第二段第三句： the banana plan, however， is considered a herb 可排除。B 選項(xiàng)對(duì)應(yīng)第二段 的第一句： bananas grow best in warm places that get lots of

26、 rain 可排除。D 選項(xiàng)與第三段第 一句 two or three times each year 不符，故排除。 C 選項(xiàng)與第三段最后一句can weigh morethan 100 pou nds相符合，故為正確選項(xiàng)。答案：C26. Which is the second most popular fruit in America according to the bar chart?A. Apples.B. Grapes.C. Banan as.D. Oran ges解析：考查細(xì)節(jié)題，難度較小。此類題目需要結(jié)合表格， 尋找題干關(guān)鍵詞，與表格信息對(duì)應(yīng)。 題干關(guān)鍵詞"the s

27、eco nd most popular 對(duì)應(yīng)表格第二高的樹狀圖，定位apples， 應(yīng)選 A。答案：ADThere is a popular Chinese saying that皮膚IFail1 skiake up for three flaws 缺陷This men ti ons the fact that i n Chin ese culture, it is believed that people who have fair skin are more beautiful. I n Wester n culture, however, the opposite is true man

28、y Westerners thi nk tanned skin is prettier. The example shows that different cultures have different ideas of what they think is beautiful. These cultural meanings of the beauty, however, are no Ion ger importa nt. As more and more people travel overseas, ideas about beauty are being shared among c

29、ultures. The Internet has also made it easier for people to share differe nt types of beauty since people are always post ing pictures on social media. The result is an ever-cha nging idea of what is con sidered beautiful.The cultural practice of ear pierci ngs, for example, has become a part of mod

30、er n day culture.In Ken ya, it is a traditi on among Masai men and wome n to pierce and the n make their ear lobes 耳垂Ion ger using ivory and wood or ston es. They the n wear colorful thi ngs on their ear lobes. This is a com mon practice since Ion ger ear lobes are see n as a sigh of beauty. This tr

31、aditi on has now found its way into prese nt-day culture. Nowadays, this might still seem unu sual to some, but with more and more well-k nown actors and film stars show ing off their Ion ger ear lobes, it will fin ally become more fashi on able.It is understood that different cultures around the wo

32、rld have different ways of showing beauty. However, since we now live in a worldwide society, people ' vbbws about beauty are always cha nging. With the help of the Intern et, people are now able to easily borrow ideas from other cultures to help them stand out. So what new fashions can we expec

33、t to see in the future?27. What has made it easier for people to share ideas about beauty?A. The developme nt of tech no logy.B. The popularity of the latest fashi ons.C. The un cha nged cultural traditi ons.D. The world ' s growing population.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題，難度中等。此類題需要在文章中找到相關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)，需要將原文的表達(dá)和選 項(xiàng)中表達(dá)進(jìn)行匹配或者同

34、義匹配。這個(gè)題目我們可以根據(jù)文章最后倒數(shù)第二句“ with the helpof the Intern et, people are now easily borrow ideas from other cultures to help them sta nd out 可 知，科技的開展使得人們對(duì)美的看法更容易傳播。選項(xiàng)A正好與文中意思契合，所以選擇A。答案：A28. What can be lear ned about the Masai people from the passage?A. Lon ger ear lobes are their new fashi on.B. On ly

35、wome n make their ear lobes Ion ger.C. They think Ion ger ear lobes look beautiful.D. They make actors and film stars famous.解析：推理判斷題，難度中等。此類題需要結(jié)合原文內(nèi)容進(jìn)行推斷和概括，需要將原文的表達(dá)和選項(xiàng)中表達(dá)進(jìn)行同義匹配。這個(gè)題目定位文章第二段第二句，結(jié)合整段段意和文章主 旨可知，Masai人民會(huì)穿耳洞，用象牙、木頭和石頭讓耳垂變大的目的是為了美。選項(xiàng)C正好與文中意思契合，所以選擇C。答案：C29. The un derl ined word“ them in

36、 the last paragraph refers toA. peopleB. ideasC. culturesD. fashi ons解析：詞義推理題，難度中等。此類題需要找到單詞在文中的位置，聯(lián)系上下文進(jìn)行詞義猜測。這個(gè)"them 我們定位文章倒數(shù)第二句。本句主語"people，整句意思：在網(wǎng)絡(luò)的幫助下，人們?nèi)菀捉柚渌幕瘉韼椭齻冏约涸谌巳褐型癸@。所以，這里的them指的是people。選項(xiàng) A正好與文中意思契合，所以選擇 A。答案：A30. What is the passage mainly about?A. People in Asian countries

37、 like fair skin better.B. Beauty is con sidered importa nt in many cultures.C. Different cultures have differe nt ideas about beauty.D. People ' s ideas about beauty are changing all the time.解析：考查主旨大意題，難度較大。此類題目需要對(duì)整篇文章的大意進(jìn)行了解后才能解題， 做題技巧上主要關(guān)注文章的開頭和結(jié)尾。這篇文章第一段最后一句和最后一段第二句，都是文章中心句，都說明了人們對(duì)美的理解是一直在變的

38、。選項(xiàng)D正好與文中意思契合，所以選擇D。答案：D第二節(jié)共5小題，每題 2分，總分值10分下面文章中有五處 第31-35題需要添加小標(biāo)題。請從以下選項(xiàng)A、B、C、D、E和F中選出符合各段意思的小標(biāo)題。選項(xiàng)中有一項(xiàng)為哪一項(xiàng)多余選項(xiàng)。Five ways to make a great first impressi on 印象！Researchers have discovered that, in gen eral, it only takes seve n sec onds for a pers on to startmaking judgments about you when they fir

39、st meet you. That' s why you should follow these usefultips on how to create a good first impression.Before meeti ng some one, start thi nking about the purpose of the meet ing. Are you tryi ng to impress them? For example, if you want to make new friends at a social eve nt, you will want to app

40、ear frien dly. And if you decide to run for class preside nt at your school, you will n eed to appear con fide nt 自信Smili ng is the most importa nt thing you can do whe n meet ing some one n ew. It shows thatyou ' re friendly and makes people around you feel more comfortable. To have a winning s

41、mile, make sure your teeth are clea n by brushi ng them every day.Before you begin speaking, you will be judged on your body Ianguage. Therefore, it ' s importa nt to show trust in yourself by sta nding up tall and putt ing your shoulders back. Besides, if you un cross your arms, you will appear

42、 relaxed and frien dly.How you smell can in flue nee people' s first impressi on of you. If you have a bad body smell,it will put people off. In short, aim to smell clea n and avoid putt ing on a lot of sce nted products.What you wear matters. While you should look clean and tidy, itimportantlso

43、 dressproperly, whether you ' rgoing to a birthday party or a sporting event. You should think about what your clothes say about you.31.解析：考察該段主旨大意，該段關(guān)鍵“purposeof the meeting ,“appearfriendly : “appearconfident主要是說你想要展現(xiàn)的形象，故答案選F。答案：F32.解析：考察該段主旨大意，該段關(guān)鍵答案：D33.解析：考察該段主旨大意，該段關(guān)鍵 案選E。答案：E34.解析：考察該段主旨

44、大意，該段關(guān)鍵答案：A35.解析：考察該段主旨大意，該段關(guān)鍵答案：B“smili ng主要是說微笑的重要性，故答案選D。body Ianguage，主要是說肢體語言的重要性，故答“smelI主要是說氣味的重要性，故答案選A。“dress主要是說穿著的重要性，故答案選B。第三局部英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用共兩節(jié)，總分值25分第一節(jié)：完形填空共 15小題，每題1分，總分值15分 通讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)A、B、C和D中選出一個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。My friends and I joined a two-day survival生存training course in the mountains

45、. The firstday was really 36 there was so much to do! Arrivi ng at the campsite, we were dividedinto groups and give n a tent, some food, a 37a nd a compass 指南針.Standing next toa small river, Fanny 38 camp ing in the grassy area n earby. However, our in structor, Mr. Lee, pointed out that it might f

46、lood 淹沒 if it rained. In the end, we found a 39 area. Putt ing up the tent was very hard. 40Mr. Lee helped us a lot.By the time we had put up the tent, 41 was really hungry.“ We wouldn ' t have gotthis hungry if we had brought some snacks. Peter said. We all told him to 42complaining抱怨 and help

47、us start a fire to cook our food 43. Realizi ng we were havi ng troublemaking the fire, he fin ally44.The next day started early. Woken by a strange noise. Peter went to see what was45 . “Somecows have eaten our breakfast!"shouted. “That 'alls because you didn ' t46 the food properly la

48、st ni ght. said Mr. Lee.Worried that Mr. Lee was angry with us, we tried very hard on our next 47 usingthe map and compass to find a secret location. We made it to the location48the othergroup did. We all felt very proud of 49.The survival trai ning course was a great50Now I feel I could survive any

49、 where!36.A. disappo intingB. difficultC. differe ntD. bori ng解析：考查形容詞。通過后文對(duì)第一天的描述，例如需要搭建帳篷、生火等。作者評(píng)論"Puttingup the tent was very hard. 以及"we were trouble making the fire , 所以第一天是充滿困難 的。答案：B37.A. mapB. bookC. lightD. knife解析：考查名詞。根據(jù)文章在山上參加生存訓(xùn)練課，除了需要帳篷、食物、指南針之外，還需要地圖。并且第四段也有提到map。答案：A38.A. s

50、uggestedB. fini shedC. imagi nedD. enjoyed解析：考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)上文，我們需要搭建帳篷，于是Fanny建議露營在草地旁。suggest建 議；finish 完成；imagine 想象；enjoy 享受； 所以選 A。答案：A39.A. n earerB. lowerC. biggerD. higher解析：考查形容詞。根據(jù)后文 Mr. Lee指出，如果下雨，我們建在草地邊的帳篷會(huì)被淹掉。水往低處走，所以我們應(yīng)建在更高的地方。答案：D40.A. Surpris in glyB. Sudde nlyC. LuckilyD. Usually解析：考查副詞。根據(jù)

51、空格前，搭帳篷很困難，空格后又稱Mr. Lee幫助了我們，所以我們表示很幸運(yùn)。surprisingly，令人驚訝地； suddenly，突然地；luckily，幸運(yùn)地是；usually ,不同尋常地。答案：C41.A. every oneB. anyoneC. some oneD. no one解析：考查代詞。根據(jù)后文Peter說“如果我們帶了零食，就不會(huì)在這挨餓了。以及后面生火做飯，說明每個(gè)人都很餓。答案：A42.A. startB. mindC. stopD. con ti nue解析：考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)后文讓他來幫助我們一起生火，所以是停止抱怨。start，開始；mind,介意；stop，停

52、止；continue，繼續(xù)；所以選 C。答案：C43.A. yetB. tooC. aga inD. in stead解析：考查副詞。我們告訴Peter不要抱怨，而是來幫我們一起生火。yet，然而；too，也;agai n，再一次；in stead，作為替代，而是；答案：D44.A. helped outB. gave outC. worked outD. started outhelp out，解析：考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)上文可判斷，意識(shí)到我們生火有麻煩時(shí)，他最終來幫助了。 協(xié)助；give out，發(fā)表用完；work out，解決制定；start out，開始著手; 答案：A45.A. develo

53、p ingB. happe ningC. begi nningD. followi ng解析：考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)前文，我們被奇怪的聲音吵醒，所以Peter跑出去看發(fā)生了什么。develop，開展；happen,發(fā)生；begin，開始；follow，跟隨； 答案：B46.A. throw offB. put awayC. eat upD. sell out解析：考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)上文食物被奶牛吃了，Mr. Lee對(duì)Peter說是因?yàn)樽蛲頉]有把食物正確儲(chǔ)存起來。throw off，擺脫；put away，存儲(chǔ)；eat up，吃完；sell out，賣完。 答案：B47.A. pla nB. less on

54、C. taskD. problem解析：考查名詞。 空格后破折號(hào)表示解釋說明，句意“需要用地圖和指南針找到一個(gè)秘密 地。所以這是一項(xiàng)任務(wù)。 plan，方案；lesson,課程；task，任務(wù)；problem，問題。答案：C48.A. tillB. afterC. whe nD. before解析：考查連詞。根據(jù)后文我們感到自豪，再結(jié)合此句“我們成功找到了秘密地，在其他組找到之前。 till，直到才；after，在之后；when，當(dāng)時(shí)；before，在之前。答案：D49.A. himB. themC. youD. ourselves解析：考查代詞。空格所在的句子主語是we。be proud of

55、 on eself,為某人感到自豪。所以選D。答案：D50.A. exampleB. experie neeC. activityD. competiti on解析：考查名詞。本文通篇在描述自己和朋友生存訓(xùn)練發(fā)生的具體事件，是自己的親身經(jīng)歷。example，例子； experienee,經(jīng)歷； activity，活動(dòng)； competition，競賽。答案：B第二節(jié)：(共10小題，每題1分，總分值10分) 閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Next time you hold a book in your han ds, stop and think. Li

56、ke most other thi ngs in the moder n world, it is the result of thousa nds of years of huma n inven ti on.First, came the invention of writing,51 (probable) about 5500 year ago. With writing,people did not have to remember everyth ing in their heads. They could com muni cate with people that they n

57、ever 52 (see) and share their kno wledge with future gen erati ons.Later, the Greeks were well-do ne for their literature(文學(xué)) and scie nee, but their“ bookslooked very different53 the books of today. They were called scrolls (卷軸)They were differe nt to use and took a lot of space in a library. About 2,000 years ago, books with lots of pages 54(i nven t).For more than a thousand years, the pages of books were made from animal skin.