中考英語聽力題型分類及解題策略.doc

1、中考英語聽力題型分類及解題策略中考英語聽力題型分類及解題策略 聽力測(cè)試是中考試題的一個(gè)重要組成部分.近近幾年來,根據(jù)新英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)在“聽”方面的要求，各省市中考試題都有所變化，以便考查考生對(duì)英語口語的理解能力以及從口語材料中獲取信息的能力。由于聽力測(cè)試大多在試卷第一部分，聽力試題的解答得是否順利，會(huì)直接影響應(yīng)試者的心理、情緒，從而影響考生的整體成績(jī)。因此，做好聽力題至關(guān)重要。要做好聽力題，除了平時(shí)良好的基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練外，我們還應(yīng)該了解中考聽力的主要題型，掌握一定的解題方法。 聽力測(cè)試的題型大致可以歸納為以下三大類，即：句子理解、對(duì)話理解和短文理解。但各省市的題型略有不同，主要形式如下： 一、 句子理

2、解 主要有五種題型 題型1、聽句子，選單詞。例如，（206河北省中考試題）聽句子，選出句子中所包含的信息。 1 a nose b noise c news 錄音及答案：1.Please do not make so much noise in class.(b) 解題指導(dǎo)：此題錄音一般放兩遍，兩遍之間有3秒左右間隔。錄音材料是一個(gè)句子，所給選項(xiàng)一般都含有相近的音素，讀音非常接近。如：第1小題選項(xiàng)中的詞尾輔音都是z，在聽錄音時(shí)一定要注意分清中間的元音 euciju:;另外句中make so much niose in class 給我們提供了信息，所以可確定選b。 題型2、聽句子選答語。試題：你

3、將聽到一個(gè)句子，從每小題根據(jù)你聽到的句子，選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)膽?yīng)答語。（20年街林） 3 a I am fine. B It is Sunny c It is Monday.錄音及答案：What is the weather like today?(b) 解題指導(dǎo)：此類題的解答關(guān)鍵是要聽清錄音中說的是什么，問的是什么。如是特殊疑問句，要注意聽清疑問詞。因此，做這種題要特別注意“句子重音”，通過“句子重音”理解整個(gè)句子的確切含義，然后選擇能回答前面句子的確切答案（做題前也必須看清所給句子的意思）。如上題，錄音中句子的重音是what 和weather，關(guān)鍵是weather，抓住了，問題也就迎刃而解了。 題型

4、3 聽句子選出與句意相近的選項(xiàng)。（206襄樊市） 8 a Kate is older than Ann. b Kate and Ann look the same c Ann is not younger than Kate 錄音及答案：Kate is young,but Ann is younger.(c) 解題指導(dǎo)：做此題時(shí)，一定要看懂選項(xiàng)的意思，聽懂錄音中句子的意思，根據(jù)對(duì)錄音句子的理解，對(duì)所給的選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行比較，找出意思相同或相近的句子。 題型4、聽句子，選圖畫。 試題：206哈爾濱市初中升學(xué)考試英語試卷 .聽句子，選出與所聽句子內(nèi)容相匹配的圖畫。（本題共5分，每小題1分） （ ）1. （

5、 ）2. 錄音及答案：1.May I borrow your pencil? Mine has broken.（C） 2.Jim hurried to school by bike.(A) 解題指導(dǎo)：做此題，務(wù)必要善于抓住句子中的關(guān)鍵詞，也就是與圖畫對(duì)應(yīng)的詞匯。第1和第2題的關(guān)鍵詞分別是pencil和by bike。 題型5、聽句子，排順序。（206長(zhǎng)沙市） 聽下面五個(gè)句子。根據(jù)錄音順序?qū)⒋韴D片的字母填在答題卷相應(yīng)的空格中。(其5小題計(jì)5分) 錄音及答案：A.A car hit Jack and his arm was hurt .B.I often listen to the news o

6、n the radio in the morning.C.Let us have lunch at the fast food restaurant .D.Mary is helping the old man cross the street.E.My brother likes playing computer games very much. 1(E) 2(D)3(B)4(A)5(C) 解題指導(dǎo)：此題與題型3類似，只不過題型3是聽一個(gè)句子從三幅圖片中選一，而此題是聽5個(gè)句子，把序號(hào)填入空格中，且順序打亂，難度大一些。做題時(shí)，一定要先看清所有圖片的含義，同樣抓住每個(gè)句子的關(guān)鍵詞，就容易解答

7、了。 二、對(duì)話理解 對(duì)話理解主要有以下四種題型： 題型1、聽對(duì)話，選答案。 試題：每個(gè)小題有一段對(duì)話和一個(gè)問題，讀兩遍，請(qǐng)根據(jù)每段對(duì)話的內(nèi)容和后面的問題，從所給的三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最恰當(dāng)?shù)囊豁?xiàng)。 7.A.About 3 kilometers. B.About 4 kilometers.C.About 5 kilometers.錄音及答案：7. M: Ecuse me. Is there a hospital near here? W: No, there isn t The nearest hospital is about three kilometers away.You d better t

8、ake a bus. Q: How far is the nearest hospital? （20年陜西省中考英語試題） 試題：聽對(duì)話，選擇正確答案。每段對(duì)話讀一遍。 8.How long has the rl been doing her homework? A.For two hours. B.For an hour and a half. C.For si hours.錄音及答案：8.M: Have you finished your homework yet? Its already eight. W: Not yet, Dad.I started it at 6: 30. 解題指導(dǎo)

9、：陜西中考試題所提問題包含在錄音中，試卷上沒有呈現(xiàn)；浙江湖州中考試題的錄音中只有對(duì)話，所提問題在試卷上。但不管試題如何設(shè)計(jì)，此種試題都屬于同一題型。聽錄音前都必須先瀏覽一下試題所給的選項(xiàng)，根據(jù)選項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容確定聽的側(cè)重點(diǎn)。如第7題的側(cè)重點(diǎn)是“距離”，第8題的側(cè)重點(diǎn)是“時(shí)間”。 題型2、聽對(duì)話，選圖畫。20年江蘇省南京市每小題你將聽到一段對(duì)話，從A、B、C三幅圖中找出與你所聽內(nèi)容相符的選項(xiàng)。每段對(duì)話讀一遍。20年山東省濱州市 錄音及答案：M:Have you ever been to the Great Wall? W:Yes.It is reallygreat.It is the longest

10、wall in the world.解題指導(dǎo)：此題相對(duì)比較容易，聽懂對(duì)話意思后，選出反映對(duì)話內(nèi)容的圖畫即可。但最好在做題前看懂每幅圖畫的內(nèi)容，以及圖與圖之間的區(qū)別，然后聽對(duì)話，抓住對(duì)話中的關(guān)鍵詞就能解決問題。 題型3、聽長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答問題。 試題：錄音中有一段對(duì)話和五個(gè)問題，聽對(duì)話和問題兩遍后，從每小題A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出能回答錄音中每個(gè)問題的正確答案。 16.A.Shirley B.Helen. C.Bill 17.A.At the desk. B.At the gate. C.At home.18.A.Talking to a customer. B.Counting money. C

11、.Working on the compuer.19.A.At 10:30. B.At 5:00. C.At 4:30.20.A.3.B.6. C.7. 錄音及答案： A poleman is asking a woman about a robbery.Suppose you are the poleman and take down notes.） M:Ecuse me, Im a poleman.May I ask you some questions? W:Sure.M:Whats your name? W:Helen.M:Were you at work yesterday? W:Y

12、es, I was on the first floor all day long.M:Were you at the gate at 10:30? W:No, I was at the desk talking to a customer.M:Who else was with you? W:Oh, let me see.Yes, Mike, Bill and errright, Shirley.M:What were they doing then? W:Mike was counting money.Bill was talking to another customer and Shi

13、rley was working on the computer.M:Were there many people in the bank? W:Not many.There were only 3 customers.M:When did you leave the bank? W:At 4:30.M:Ok.Thanks a lot.W:You are welcome.Questions: 16.What is the womans name? 17.Where was she at 10:30 yesterday? 18.What was Mike doing then? 19.What

14、time did the woman leave the bank? 20.How many people were there in the bank? 1620：BABCC 題型4、聽對(duì)話，完成表格。 試題：聽力填表（共5小題，計(jì)5分） 錄音中有一段對(duì)話，聽對(duì)話兩遍后，根據(jù)所聽內(nèi)容完成下面的表格（每空不多于三個(gè)詞）。 （生詞：enroll/inreul/u.注冊(cè)） Family name Williams ven name （66） Country （67） （68） 9 Crew Street Age （69） Telephone No.（70） 錄音及答案： 錄音中有一段對(duì)話，聽對(duì)話兩

15、遍后，根據(jù)所聽內(nèi)容完成下面的表格（每空不多于三個(gè)詞）。 Secretary:Good morning.Can I help you? Student: Yes.Id like to enroll for the course.Secretary: Certainly.Whats your family name, please? Student:Williams.Secretary:Could you spell that for me? Student:Yes.Its W-L-L-I-A-M-S.Secretary:Thank you.Whats your ven name? Student

16、:Its Peter.Thats spelled P-E-T-E-R.Secretary:Thanks.Where are you from, Mr.Williams? Student:Canada.Secretary:I see.Whats your address now? Student:I live at 9 Crew Strect and my telephone number is 253-7968.Secretary:Your number is 253-7968.Student:Yes, thats right.Secretary:Thank you.How old are y

17、ou? Student:25 Secretary:Thanks.66.Peter 67.Canads 68.Address 69.25 70.2537968 解題指導(dǎo)：做聽較長(zhǎng)的對(duì)話，回答問題或填寫表格這類題時(shí)，更需要先看清試題內(nèi)容，確定聽的重點(diǎn)。如上面的題型3，通過試題本身，我們能夠初步了解到對(duì)話后面的問題可能與人物、地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間、行為等有關(guān)。因此，在聽錄音時(shí)，就應(yīng)把聽的重點(diǎn)放在這些點(diǎn)上，并注意區(qū)別、選擇?！疤顚懕砀瘛币瓤辞逅盏目赡苁鞘裁磧?nèi)容。聽第一遍錄音要注意情景和整體意思，第二遍再邊聽邊答題，然后進(jìn)行回憶檢查。 三、短文理解 題型1、聽短文和五個(gè)問題，選擇正確答案。 12.Why do

18、es Nancy like her socks very much? A.They are different. B.They are beautiful.C.They are clean. 13.What color of socks does she wear on Thursdays? A.Yellow ones. B.Blue ones.C.Orange ones. 14.What socks did she choose this Friday? A.A different pair. B.The clean pair.C.The red pair. 15.Why did her c

19、lassmates laugh at her? A.She wore different pair of socks. B.She wore dirty socks. C.She was late for school.錄音及答案： My name is Nancy.I have four paris of socks.They are all beautiful, so I like them very much.Every day I wear different socks.On Mondays, I wear the red socks.On Tuesday, I choose the

20、 blue ones.On Wednesdays, I wear the yellow ones.And on Thursdays I wear the orange ones.When I go home, I usually take off my socks and throw them in the bathroom.I never clean them.So, on Fridays, I must choose a pair of socks from the dirty ones.It is Friday again.When I woke up, it was 700 am.I

21、thought I would be late for school.But I didnt have any clean socks.So I pked up a pair of socks andput them on qukly.At school, some classmates looked at my feet and laughed.Suddenly, I saw my socks.“Oh, no” I said.They were different.One was red and the other was orange.Now I knew why they laughed

22、 at me 12-15BCAA 20年瀘州市 解題指導(dǎo)：根據(jù)試題，我們可以了解到：這者篇短文涉及到Nancy的襪子。聽的重點(diǎn)包括1、Nancy喜歡她的襪子的原因2、襪子的顏色3、選擇何種襪子4、同學(xué)嘲笑的原因。由于“問題”就在試卷上，我們只需注意“聽”就是了。錄音一般放兩遍，聽第一遍時(shí)，邊聽邊看試題，邊記憶聽到的內(nèi)容，聽到與試題相關(guān)的關(guān)鍵詞時(shí)，立即作記號(hào)；聽第二遍錄音時(shí)，查漏補(bǔ)缺。劃線的這幾句都直接或間接地回答了每個(gè)問題。 題型2、聽短文，選答案。 .聽短文，根據(jù)所聽內(nèi)容選出短文中劃線部分詞的同義詞或同義短語。（本題共10分，每小題2分） Mr White works in an offe.

23、One day, when he had lunch, a friend 16 him.They were very 17 and talked a lot.Then they looked at the clock on the wall.It was time to go to offe.He had to say goodbye to his friend and left.It was raining 18 and the streets were wet.He drove too fast to see the red lights.He couldnt s his car and

24、hit a car in front of his.An old man got off and 19 angrily,“What are you doing? Do you want to hit me to death?” “Im sorry,sir,”said Mr White.“I didnt find the lights turned red.Then he brought out a bottle of e and gave it to the old man.“Its very cold today,sir,”said Mr White.“Please drink a litt

25、le, then youll be warmer.” The old man drank some e and became hy.“Im feeling much better now.20 drink any?”he asked.“I cant drink anything now,sir,”answered Mr White.“Im waithing for the poleman to come.Only drunkards（酒鬼）cause accidents, you know.” （ ）16.A.visited B.asked for C.sent for （ ）17.A.sad

26、 B.glad C.surprised （ ）18.A.a little B.heavily C.big （ ）19.A.shouted B.sang C.smiled （ ）20.A.What about B.Would you mind C.Why not 錄音及答案： Mr White works in an offe.One day, when he had lunch, a friend came to see him.They were very hy and talked a lot.Then they looked at the clock on the wall.It was time to go to offe.He had to say goodbye to his friend and left.It was raining hard and the streets were wet.He drove too fast t