(完整版)高中英語名詞性從句講解

1、實用文檔名詞性從句講解在復(fù)合句中起名詞作用的從句叫做名詞性從句。它包括主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。名詞性從句是中學(xué)階段的一個重要語法項目，在歷年的高考中幾乎都涉及到，并且每年的命題各有變化。分析歷屆高考試題名詞性從句考查的焦點(diǎn)主要有以下六個方面1.考查名詞性從句的語序問題2.考查引導(dǎo)詞that與what的區(qū)別3 .考查it在名詞性從句中作形式主語或形式賓語的用法4.考查whether與if的區(qū)別5 .考查名詞性從句中的疑問詞+ever引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句與 no matter+疑問詞引導(dǎo)的狀語從句的區(qū)別6 .考查名詞性從句的虛擬語氣問題語法要點(diǎn)剖析一、名詞性從句主語從句、表語從句、賓

2、語從句、同位語從句，在整個句子中所起的作用，相當(dāng)于一個名詞。因此，這四種 從句通稱為名詞性從句。引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類：連接詞：that, whether, if (不充當(dāng)從句的任何成分)連接代詞： what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.連接副詞： when, where, how, why1 .主語從句作句子主語的從句叫主語從句。主語從句通常由從屬連詞that , whether , if和連接代詞 what, who, which ,whatever , whoever以及連接副詞 how, when, where, w

3、hy等詞引導(dǎo)。that在句中無詞義，只起連接作用；連接 代詞和連接副詞在句中既保留自己的疑問含義、又起連接作用，在從句中充當(dāng)從句的成分。例如：What he wants to tell us is not clear.他要跟我們說什么，還不清楚。It is known to us how he became a writer.我們都知道他是如何成為一名作家的。Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.英語晚會將在哪里舉行，還沒有宣布。有時為避免句子頭重腳輕，常用形式主語it代替主語從句作形式主語放于句首，

4、而把主語從句置于句末。主語從句后的謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)形式。常用句型如下：(1) It + be + 名詞 + that 從句(2) It + be + 形容詞 + that 從句(3) It + be +動詞的過去分詞 + that 從句(4) It + 不及物動詞 + that 從句另注意在主語從句中用來表示驚奇、不相信、惋惜、理應(yīng)如此等語氣時，謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣" (should)+do”，常用的句型有：It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) thatIt is a pity (a shame, no wonder

5、, etc.) thatIt is suggested (requested, propose d, desired, etc.) that 2 .賓語從句名詞句用作賓語的從句叫賓語從句。引導(dǎo)賓語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞與引導(dǎo)主語從句表語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞大致一樣，在 句中可以作謂語動詞或介詞及非謂語動詞的賓語。1 .由連接詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句由連接詞that引導(dǎo)賓語從句時，that在句中不擔(dān)任任何成分，在口語或非正式的文體中常被省去，但如從句是并列句時，第二個分句前的that不可省。例如：He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.他已經(jīng)告訴我他

6、明天要去上海。We must never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing.我們決不能認(rèn)為自己什么都好，別人什么都不好。注意： 在 demand order、suggest > decide > insist, desire, demand, request, command等表示要求、命令、建議、決定等意義的動詞后，賓語從句常用“( should ) +動詞原形”。例如：I insist that she (should) do her work alone.我堅持要她自

7、己工作。文案大全實用文檔The commander ordered that troops （should） set off at once.司令員命令部隊馬上出發(fā)。2 . 用 who, whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等關(guān)聯(lián)詞弓I導(dǎo)的賓語從句相當(dāng)于特殊疑問句，應(yīng)注意句子語序要用陳述語序。例如： I want to know what he has told you.我想知道他告訴了你什么。She always thinks of how she can work well

8、.她總是在想怎樣能把工作做好。She will give whoever needs help a warm support.凡需要幫助的人，她都會給予熱情的支持。3 .用whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，其主語和謂語的順序也不能顛倒，仍保持陳述句語序。此外，whether與if在作“是否”的意思講時在下列情況下一般只能用whether，不用if ：a.引導(dǎo)主語從句并在句首時；b.引導(dǎo)表語從句時；c .引導(dǎo)從句作介詞賓語時；d.從句后有“or not”時；e.后接動詞不定式時。例如： Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting qu

9、estion.月球上有沒有生命是個有趣的問題。Everything depends on whether we have enough money.切要看我們是否有足夠的錢。4 .注意賓語從句中的時態(tài)呼應(yīng)，當(dāng)主句動詞是現(xiàn)在時，從句根據(jù)自身的句子情況，而使用不同時態(tài)。例如： he studies English every day.（從句用一般現(xiàn)在時）he studied English last term.（從句用一般過去時）I know （that） he will study English next year.（從句用一般將來時）he has studied English since

10、1998.（從句用現(xiàn)在完成時）當(dāng)主句動詞是過去時態(tài)（could, would 除外），從句則要用相應(yīng)的過去時態(tài)，如一般過去時，過去進(jìn)行時, 過去將來時等；當(dāng)從句表示的是客觀真理，科學(xué)原理，自然現(xiàn)象，則從句仍用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。例如： The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America.等等動詞引起的否定性賓語從句中，要把上述主句中的動詞變?yōu)榉穸ㄊ健? . think, believe, imagine, suppose 即將從句中的否定形式移到主句中。例如： We don' t think you are here.我們認(rèn)為你不在這。I d

11、on ' t believe he wil l do so.我相信他不會這樣做。6 .表語從句+系動詞+ that 從句。例如：事實是我們已經(jīng)輸了這場比賽。那就是他為什么不到會的原因。看上去天要下雨了。引導(dǎo)而不是 because o例如：在句中作表語的從句叫表語從句。引導(dǎo)表語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞與引導(dǎo)主語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞大致一樣，表語從句位于連系動詞后，有時用 as if引導(dǎo)。其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語The fact is that we have lost the game.That is why he didn ' t come to the meeting.需要注意的，當(dāng)主語是reason

12、時，表語從句要用 thatIt looks as if it is going to rain.The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning名詞性從句專項練習(xí)100題1. His success was because of he had been working hard.A. thatB. the fact whichC. the fact thatD. the fact2. “Is Mary from New York City ""I don

13、9;t know.”A. from what city does she come fromB. from what city she comeC. what city does she come fromD. what city she comes from3. makes mistakes must correct them.A. WhatB. ThatC. WhoeverD.文案大全Whatever4. The reason why I didn't go to Shanghai was a new job.A. because I gotB. because of gettin

14、gC. I gotthat I got5. It worried her a bit her hair was turning grey.A. whileB. thatC. iffor 6. Henry killed the dog. I'll ask him why.A. did he do thatB. he did thatC. he didD.D.D. hehas done so7. Have you seen Henry lately My boss wants to knowA. how he is getting alongC. what he is getting al

15、ong8. It is generally considered unwise to give a childA. howeverB. whatever9. He asked me with me.A. what is the troubleC. what was the matter10. I am sure he said is true.A. thatB. about thatB. how is he getting alongD. what is he getting along he or she wants.C. whicheverB. what wrong wasD. what

16、trouble it isC. of thatD. wheneverD.that what11. When and why he came here yet.A. is not known B. are not known12. I wonder how much.A. does the watch costC. has not knownB. did the watch costD. have not beeC. the watch costedD. the watch costs13. Mary is someone might recognize her.A. afraid ofB. a

17、fraid aboutafraid forC. afraid thatD.14.is no reason for dismissing her.A. Because she was a few minutes lateC. The fact that she was a few minutes late15. They came to the conclusion by a computer.A. that not all things can be doneC. being not all things can be done8. Owing to a few minutes lateD.

18、Being a few minutes late8. because of not all things be doneD. because not all things can be done16. Why the explosion occurred was the laboratory attendant had been careless.A. forB. because17. I don't doubt he'll come.A. thatB. ifC. sinceC. whatD. thatD. whether18.一文案大全Why did you go to th

19、e wrong class, Mr. Wang實用文檔一 “Well,Iforget I was supposed to go to.”A. which the roomB. which roomC. what was the roomD. what room was it19. Output is now six times it was before liberation.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. ofwhich20. Mary: Helen is a mere washer woman, yet she's now buying a big house.C

20、arol: Yes. Because she's always saved.A. what little she earnsB. how little she earnsC. for little she earnsD. with little she earns21.surprised me most was such a little boy of seven could play the violin so well.A.That whatB. What thatC. That - whichD. What - whichC. thatD. this22. We gave him

21、 help we could.A. whichB. what23. She is pleased with what you have given him andA. thatB. which24. Excuse me would you please tell meA. when the sports meet is taken placeC. when is the sports meet to begin25. Do you happen to knowA. what size shoes he wearsC. what is the size of his shoesyou have

22、told him.C. all whatD. all thatB. when is the sports meet going to be heldD. when the sports meet is to take placeB. how big shoes he wearsD. what number shoes are his文案大全26. This book will show you can be used in other contexts.D. was heA. how you have observedC. that you have observed27. Where do

23、you thinkA. has he gone B. has he beenB. how what you have observedD. how that you have observedC. he's gone28. Do you knowA. how many populations there are in the worldB. how much population there is in the worldC. how many the population of the world isD. what the population of the world is29.

24、 Would you go and see outsideB. what Tom has happenedD. what the matter had beenA. what to take placeC. what is happening30. The subject of "What is interesting is that I do not even know him." isA. whatB. interesting31.1 think he is Charles.C. What is interestingD. ID. did they live inD.

25、no matter whatA. Who do you think he isC. Whom do you think he is32. He didn't know which room.A. they livedB. they lived in33. The little boy ate his mother gave him.A. thatB. whichB. Do you think who he isD. Do you think who he isC. did they liveC. whatever34. The city is no longer.A. what it

26、isB. that it used to beC. which it wasD.35. My parents used they had to get a new car for me.A. whichB. thatC. what36. we go swimming every day us a lot of good.A. If - doB. That - doC. If - doesD.what it used to beD. all whatThat does37 .was the idea the wife thought ofA. What - that B. That - what

27、38 .did he tell his wife he wished to doA. That - what B. What - thatC. How whyC. Where-whichD. Why howD. Which where39. One of the men held the view the book said was right.A. what thatB. that whatC. that whichD. whichthat40. I have no idea or not he has finished the work.A. ifB. that41. “ Do you k

28、now"一 “His father is a doctor. ”A. what is his fatherC. what his father is42. Is this we met each other two years agoA. placeB. place in which43. It Bob drives badly.A. thinks thatB. is thought whatC. whetherB. who is his fatherD. who his father isC. whereC. thought thatD. whichD.D.place whichi

29、s thought that44. We all know the truth there are air, water and sunlight there are living things.A. whereB. whereverC. thatD.that wherever45. They discussed they could settle the problem without others' help.A. ifB. thatC. whatD.whether46. She askedA. what I was doing when she rang me upC. when

30、 she rang me up what I was doingB. what was I doing when she rang me upD. when did she ring me up what I was doing47. May I borrow the ring You can take you like.thatbe,sendA. no matter whatB. which48. He said that he was fond of.A. what beautiful isC. beautiful is what49. He insisted that he in goo

31、d health andA. was, be sent B. is, is sentC. whicheverDB. what is beautifulD. what it is beautifulto work there.C. be, was sentD50. Do you know he expects will give us a talkA. whoB. whomC. thatD. whose實用文檔51. It's uncertain the experiment is worth doing.howA. ifB. thatC. whetherD.52. They would

32、 have fixed the telephone yesterday it was a holiday.but forA. exceptB. except forC. except thatD.53.is to do good all one's life and never do anything bad.A. Whichever is hardB. No matter what is hardC. What is hardD. All what is hard54 .the boy didn't take medicine made his mother angry.A.

33、 ThatB. WhatC. HowD. Which55 . As the day was fine, I made the suggestion for a walk in the park.A. we goB. we will goC. should we goD. that we go56 .we can't get seems better than we have.A. What, what B. What, thatC. That, thatD. That, what57 .you don't like him is none of my business.A. W

34、hatB. WhoC. ThatD. Whether58 . You can't imagine when they received these nice Christmas presents.A. how they were excitedB. how excited they wereC. how excited were theyD. they were how excited59 .we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.WhereA. IfB. WhetherC. ThatD.60 .he really me

35、ans is he disagrees with us.A. What that B. That whatC. Why thatD. If what61.is going to do the job will be decided by the Party committee.A. ThatB. WhyC. HowD. Who62 .we'll finish translating the book depends on the time.A. WhenB. WhyC. WhatD. That63 .the house will be built will be discussed a

36、t tomorrow's meeting.WhatA. IfB. WhereC. ThatD.64 .he won't go there is clear to all of us.A. HowB. WhatC. WhyD. This65 .you come or not is up to you.A. WhatB. IfC. WhyD. Whether66 .makes mistakes must correct them.A. WhoB. AnyoneC. WhoeverD. Anybody67 .team will win the match is a matter of

37、 public concern.A. WhichB. ThatC. IfD. How68 .Three days later, word came our country had sent up another man-made satellite.A. whichB. whenC. thatD. where69 .The problem is will go to the meeting.A. whyB. whenC. whatD. who70.1 t looks it were going to rain.文案大全實用文檔73. We thought _strange that Tom d

38、id not come yesterday.A. thatB. itC. this74.The factA. which_ she had not said anything surprised all of us.B. whatC. that75.What I'm considering nowthe money we need.A. isB. areC. wereB. that gentleman is whoD. whom is that gentlemanC. WhoeverC. that錄相機(jī))are the same.C. that all ofD. whyD. whatD

39、. howD.D. WhoD.suchD.D. XD. whetherD. which of thoseD. WhenD. how thatD. whenD.A. even ifB. as ifC. even thoughD. like71 .That is he likes the place so much.A. thatB. whatC. whyD. how72 .That is Lu Xun once lived.A. whatB. whereC. that was76.Can you tell meA. who is that gentlemanC. who that gentlem

40、an is77.1 eaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.A. AnyoneB. The person78. It is well known a person eats causes changes in the body.A. that what, when, and howB. thatC. whatD. how79. The energy is makes the cells able to do their work.A. thatB. whichC. what80. Jack was soon told he did wa

41、s not necessary.A. whyB. thatC. how why what81. We should think carefully about Mr. Needham said at the meeting.A. thatB. whatC. which82. Can you point out two radios are the bestA. whichB. what83. You will easily know video recorders (A. what thoseB. that of those84. you have seen things like these

42、 before doesn't matter.A. IfB. WhetherC. What85. I asked her in English she was, and she told me she was an actress.A. who thatB. who XC. what X86. She took it for granted I'd be back home an hour ago.A. thatB. whetherC. if87. We think it possible the local government will be able to solve t

43、he housing problem.88. Now there is a dangerthe ground may fall in (沉下)under the heavy traffic.A. forB. thatC. when howA. whetherB. ifC. XD. that89. At that time I had no idea I could hand it to him without being seen.A. ifB. howC. whichD. that how90. Last Sunday he promised today, but he hasn't appeared yet.A. that he would comeB. that he will comeC. he will come to see meD. whether he would come91. Last Sunday he made a promise he was free he would take me to Qingdao.A. ifB. thatC. that ifD. whether92. Do you have any ideaA. when Miss Smith will arriveC. how will Miss Smith a