【KS5U解析】山東臨沂實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校2020屆高三高考模擬卷12英語試題 Word版含解析

1、2020年山東臨沂實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校高考模擬卷(十二)英語（考試時間：100分鐘 ）注意事項(xiàng)：1. 答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。2. 回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3. 考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié) （共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5 分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。agrowing up in puerto rico, our family was

2、no different from so many others. my parents got married after my father came back when the war ended. both of my parents were struggling with the hard economic realities of the time. but somehow, they found time to cherish those cultural values that shaped our everyday life. in our daily life, we c

3、elebrated together with our friends or family members every birthday, every graduation, and all holidays with music and dancing, typical foods. when we visited our family in the countrysidea trip that took about two hours in a car, with five children fighting as to who would get a window or the fron

4、t seatwe would break into a song, and somehow the trip would turn into one full of happiness and fun. we would sing not only interesting childrens songs but also beautiful love songssongs about the love of the country though we didnt understand the meaning of the words many times. i came to philadel

5、phia for the first time in 1973 to do a residency (實(shí)習(xí)) in family medicine. i remember the many hours of work. i was facing issues of life and death and suffering the clearly social unfairness and issues of poverty and race. these were all aggravated by my feeling of cultural differences. an importan

6、t turning point in my life happened one saturday night when i attended a concert of puerto rican singer and composer antonio caban vale. the music showed my familiar rhythms, and the words spoke to my heart. i had found a space to express, celebrate, and share my culture in philadelphia. therefore,

7、i believe diversity is seen as an advantage and not as a disadvantage. as a puerto rican, i am a mixture of races and i believe in my strength because of this.1. what do we know about the authors parents?a. they lived a well-off life.b. they were famous in puerto rico.c. they had different cultural

8、values.d. they took cultural values seriously.2. which word is closest in meaning to the underlined word “aggravated”?a. worsened.b. appreciated.c. criticized.d. caused.3. what did the concert make the author aware of?a. the possibility of celebrating her own culture.b. the right to share ones cultu

9、re with others.c. the happiness of possessing unique cultural values.d. the right of cultures to coexist in society.【答案】1. d 2. a 3. d【解析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過自己家庭的文化價值及自己在文化差異中的經(jīng)歷等內(nèi)容闡述了自己對文化差異的看法。【1題詳解】推理判斷題。從第一段最后兩句“ both of my parents were struggling with the hard economic realities of the time. but som

10、ehow, they found time to cherish those cultural values that shaped our everyday life. (我的父母當(dāng)時都經(jīng)濟(jì)困難。但是他們總會找到時間堅(jiān)持那些文化價值，塑造我們每一天的生活)”可知，即使在困難時期，作者的父母也非常重視文化價值觀。故選d項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段中的“i was facing issues of life and death and suffering the clearly social unfairness and issues of poverty and race.”可知，我

11、面臨著生死攸關(guān)的問題，遭受著明顯的社會不公，貧窮和種族問題。所以作者對文化差異的感受加劇了這些問題。所以劃線詞“aggravated”意為“惡化，加重”，故選a項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中最后兩句“therefore, i believe diversity is seen as an advantage and not as a disadvantage. as a puerto rican, i am a mixture of races and i believe in my strength because of this.(因此，我相信多樣性是優(yōu)勢而不是劣勢。作為一名波

12、多黎各人，我是不同民族的混合，我也因此相信自己的力量)”可知，therefore后面的內(nèi)容是結(jié)果，而原因自然是前面提到的作者聽音樂會的經(jīng)歷，作者由聽音樂會的經(jīng)歷受到啟發(fā)，認(rèn)為對社會而言，文化差異是優(yōu)勢而不是劣勢，由此可推知，作者認(rèn)為不同的文化有權(quán)利共存。故選d項(xiàng)。bit is with mixed emotions that i went to the young criminal center every few months to give vaccinations (接種疫苗). on the one hand, i feel lucky to be able to provide a

13、service that may have a positive health effect on the residents. but, on the other hand, i feel a sense of sadness and disappointment as i see the prisoners being escorted (押送) by guards to the nursing unit.my last visit was very memorable. for some reason, there was a lightness in the air. more tha

14、n ever before, i felt a lightness as i spoke with each person. we shared stories and smiles and fears. even the toughest prisoners seemed to be surrounded by light. as a mother, i saw them as not only youth, being punished for crimes, but also as children who have the potential to change for the bet

15、ter. most of them wanted to talk longer! they were reaching out to us! it felt right.there was one more prisoner. he was limited to a different unit in a lonely cell. we were asked if we were okay going down there. we said that we were. two guards escorted us down and when we entered the area, insta

16、nt tears welled up in my eyes. the area was sad. these guards didnt smile. we entered the cell and had to make do with what was there.we were done but i didnt want to leave. i gave the 17 year old a gentle touch and smile as i explained what to do regarding the side effects. at first, there was no r

17、esponse, so i just looked down at his bare feet and then to my supplies. i thought that i had better pack up. suddenly, he looked up at me and smiled before he said “thanks” and then he gave me a thumbs-up. i smiled back and said, “youre welcome. take care of yourself.”it was wonderful to receive a

18、kind response from someone who was in such a harsh place. as we walked back to the main entrance, we didnt speak. where there can be a smile, there is hope. sometimes smiles can be very powerful.4. what can we know about the young in the young criminal center?a they received regular medical service.

19、b. they were treated unfairly.c. they stayed in bad conditions.d. they were forced to take treatment.5. what was special about the center the last time the author went there?a. she was asked to share stories.b. every prisoner was kind to her.c. the young people talked freely.d. she sensed a relaxing

20、 atmosphere.6. what did the young man think of the author?a. he disliked her for her sympathy.b. he really appreciated her kindness.c. he thought she would change his life.d. he thought she was just an ordinary doctor.7. what impressed the author most in this story?a. the young mans smile.b. the med

21、ical care for prisoners.c. the punishment to the prisoners.d. the difference between the young man and others.【答案】4. a 5. d 6. b 7. a【解析】【分析】本篇是一篇記敘文，講述了作者到青年犯罪中心為這些年輕的罪犯打疫苗的經(jīng)歷?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“it is with mixed emotions that i went to the young criminal center every few months to give vaccination

22、s”可知，作者每隔幾個月就會去給這些年輕的罪犯接種疫苗，這說明這些年輕人接受了定期的醫(yī)療服務(wù)，故a項(xiàng)正確?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“for some reason, there was a lightness in the air”可知，上次作者去犯罪中心，她感受到了一種輕松的氛圍，故d項(xiàng)正確?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“smiled before he said “thanks” and then he gave me a thumbs-up.”可知，他向作者道謝并對作者豎起了大拇指，由此可知，這位年輕人對作者的善意很感激，故b項(xiàng)正確?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一

23、段最后一句“sometimes smiles can be very powerful”可知，作者對這位年輕人的微笑印象最為深刻，故a項(xiàng)正確?！军c(diǎn)睛】涉及到觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度的推理判斷題難度較大，文章一般不會直接表明人物的態(tài)度，需要我們根據(jù)人物的語言、表情或動作來揣摩其態(tài)度，例如本篇第3題，根據(jù)第四段中的“smiled before he said “thanks” and then he gave me a thumbs-up.”可知，他微笑著感謝作者并向作者豎起了大拇指，由此可知，這位年輕人對作者的善意很感激。cevery new parent knows that rocking can calm

24、 that uneasy baby when it's time to take a nap. but the benefits of gentle movement may go beyond the baby stage. because two new studies show that rocking also helps grown-ups, both human and mouse, get a good night's sleep.what should be no surprise is that movement can calm someone. think

25、 of how many times you've fallen asleep on a train. but can motion really cause a nap, and make for a deeper sleep?to find out, researchers invited 18 healthy volunteers for a sleepover. “so they came to the lab and slept one time on the motionless, normal bed. and one night where they got rocke

26、d.” said aurore perrault, a sleep researcher at the university of geneva in switzerland. “and what we find is that when compared to a motionless night, a whole night of rocking sleep has a beneficial effect not only on sleep beginning but also on sleep continuity.” subjects who were rocked also did

27、better on a memory test the next morning than the stiller sleepers.in the second study, kompotis, a student at the university of lausanne, rocked a rack of mice. whether rocking affects sleep in other species was never before discussed. so the main questions for our study were whether rocking affect

28、s sleep in mice and what is the possible system?"kompotis placed the mouse cages on a platform that moved from side to side. though mice were rocked four times faster than their human counterparts-a frequency of one back-and-forth per second, or 1 hertz, worked best-the results were strikingly

29、similar. during rocking at 1 hertz, time spent asleep increased, and mice fell asleep twice as fast as at still condition. however, additional studies could allow the researchers to identify a new aim for treating sleep disorders, including insomnia(失眠).until then, you might think about adding a lit

30、tle swing to your nighttime routine.8. whats the purpose of the second study in the passage?a. to do research on the sleep system of other species.b. to discuss in which case rocking affects babys sleep.c. to see whether rocking affects sleep of other species.d. to study the influence of rocking on

31、sleep disorders .9. what do we know about the mice in paragraph 5?a. their sleeping time increased when rocked at 1 hertz.b. their sleep disorder including insomnia was treated.c. when rocked, they fell asleep twice faster than at still condition.d. when rocked, they worked faster than their human c

32、ounterparts.10. how did the researchers carry out the experiment?a. by conducting a surveyb. by asking questionsc. by filling out questionnairesd. by making comparisons11. whats the best title of the passage?a. rocking helps grown-ups sleep too.b. deep sleep needs the constant swing.c. rocking great

33、ly affects deep sleep.d. rocking can treat sleep disorders.【答案】8. c 9. a 10. d 11. a【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。研究人員在測試中發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些被搖晃過的人也比那些靜止不動的人在睡眠方面更好。并且，后來的測試發(fā)現(xiàn)，搖晃對動物也有促進(jìn)睡眠的作用。文章還介紹了這項(xiàng)研究的過程?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中in the second study, kompotis, a student at the university of lausanne, rocked a rack of mice. whether ro

34、cking affects sleep in other species was never before discussed.可知在第二項(xiàng)研究中，洛桑大學(xué)的學(xué)生kompotis搖晃了一組老鼠。以前從未有人討論過搖晃是否會影響其他物種的睡眠。由此可推知，第二項(xiàng)研究的目的是觀察搖擺是否影響其它物種的睡眠。故選c?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中during rocking at 1 hertz, time spent asleep increased, and mice fell asleep twice as fast as at still condition.可知在1赫茲的搖晃中，老鼠

35、的睡眠時間增加了，老鼠入睡的速度是靜止?fàn)顟B(tài)的兩倍。由此可知，當(dāng)震動頻率為1赫茲時，老鼠的睡眠時間增加。故選a?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中though mice were rocked four times faster than their human counterparts-a frequency of one back-and-forth per second, or 1 hertz, worked best-the results were strikingly similar.可知盡管老鼠搖擺的速度是人類的四倍頻率為每秒1次，或1赫茲，效果最好但結(jié)果驚人地相似。由此可推

36、知，研究人員是通過比較進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)的。故選d?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中because two new studies show that rocking also helps grown-ups, both human and mouse, get a good night's sleep.可知因?yàn)閮身?xiàng)新的研究表明，搖擺也有助于成年人，包括人類和老鼠，獲得一個良好的睡眠。結(jié)合文章主要內(nèi)容為研究人員在測試中發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些被搖晃過的人也比那些靜止不動的人表現(xiàn)得更好。并且，后來的測試發(fā)現(xiàn)，搖晃對動物也有促進(jìn)睡眠的作用。文章還介紹了這項(xiàng)研究的過程。故a選項(xiàng)“搖擺也有助于成年人的睡眠”符合

37、文章標(biāo)題。故選a。【點(diǎn)睛】標(biāo)題確定題屬深層理解題，它要求考生在通讀全文的基礎(chǔ)上，認(rèn)真分析主人公的特定心態(tài)、文章大意及作者的寫作意圖。在此基礎(chǔ)上，還應(yīng)做到概括性、針對性、醒目性的有機(jī)結(jié)合。概括性原則：要求標(biāo)題應(yīng)在最大程度上覆蓋全文，囊括文章的主要內(nèi)容，體現(xiàn)文章的主題要旨。從全局的角度歸納概括出文章的標(biāo)題。要防止本末倒置，主次不分，以點(diǎn)代面，以偏概全。針對性原則：針對性原則是對標(biāo)題外延的一種界定。即標(biāo)題的外延既不能太大也不能太小，要量體裁衣，大小適度。醒目性原則：標(biāo)題是文章的點(diǎn)睛之筆，是文章的靈魂和門面。標(biāo)題的好壞往往影響文章的可讀性。讀者往往從標(biāo)題上決定文章的閱讀取舍，故標(biāo)題往往比較醒目，甚至比

38、較離奇，目的是為了吸引讀者的注意力，喚起讀者對文章閱讀的興趣。如第四小題，根據(jù)第一段中because two new studies show that rocking also helps grown-ups, both human and mouse, get a good night's sleep.可知因?yàn)閮身?xiàng)新的研究表明，搖擺也有助于成年人，包括人類和老鼠，獲得一個良好的睡眠。結(jié)合文章主要內(nèi)容為研究人員在測試中發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些被搖晃過的人也比那些靜止不動的人在睡眠方面更好。并且，后來的測試發(fā)現(xiàn)，搖晃對動物也有促進(jìn)睡眠的作用。文章還介紹了這項(xiàng)研究的過程。故a選項(xiàng)“搖擺也有助于成年人的

39、睡眠”符合文章標(biāo)題。故選a。din february, fedex launched a robot capable of replacing a pizza delivery driver by bringing food right to your door, which indicates more companies may soon automate (使自動化) not only processes, but full business lines.these types of moves could be disastrous to work. between 1987 and

40、2017, manufacturing output grew 80 percent, but the number of workers dropped dramatically. this hit cities hard, leading to shrinking populations and the wide difference between urban places we see now. numerous studies show that automation isnt equally affecting the workforce across all sectors. w

41、hile it has negatively impacted a portion of the economy, it has helped to lift up other sectors, such as computer science and health care.the real question is how you counteract inequality.to start with, we should train people with the skills they need. to minimize job losses and embrace positive c

42、hanges, we need to focus on the great value humans bring to the table. jobs requiring soft skills like time management, active listening, cooperation, and judgment and decision-making, and jobs that are in high-touch industries are much less likely to be automated.we must make joint efforts to stren

43、gthen and fix the holes in the safety net. while the 2020 presidential candidates are starting a conversation about how to accomplish this, cities are already leading by experimenting with basic income, passing higher minimum wage laws, carrying out paid family leave and driving policy solutions tha

44、t support workers and families.in the end robots wont take all the jobs, but they might take yours. what we do about it, though, is up to us.12. what will possibly happen if companies use robots in full business lines?a. there will be a sharp drop in manufacturing output.b. there will be a shrink in

45、 population across china.c. the negative impacts will outweigh the positive ones.d. the workforce in various fields may be affected differently.13. which of the following is more likely to be automated?a. bringing dishes to the table in a restaurant.b. helping to manage ones time efficiently.c. comm

46、unicating effectively with co-workers.d. helping make the right judgement and decision.14. how is paragraph 5 developed?a. by providing data.b. by giving examples.c. by comparison.d. by analyzing.15. what does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?a. it is up to us whatever we do with t

47、he robots.b. it is up to us what jobs the robots will replace.c. we need to adapt ourselves to the changes accordingly.d. we have the confidence that robots will replace no jobs.【答案】12. d 13. a 14. b 15. c【解析】這是一篇說明文。自動化已經(jīng)越來越普及，這意味著不久將有更多的公司不僅實(shí)現(xiàn)流程自動化，還能實(shí)現(xiàn)全業(yè)務(wù)范圍的自動化。這對不同領(lǐng)域的勞動力會產(chǎn)生不同的影響。而面對這一情況，我們應(yīng)該訓(xùn)練人們

48、所需的技能。要想不被機(jī)器所取代，我們只有不斷使自己適應(yīng)相應(yīng)的變化?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第二段倒數(shù)第二句numerous studies show that automation isnt equally affecting the workforce across all sectors.可知大量研究表明，自動化并不會對所有行業(yè)的勞動力產(chǎn)生同等的影響。即如果公司將機(jī)器人應(yīng)用于所有業(yè)務(wù)領(lǐng)域，不同領(lǐng)域的勞動力可能受到不同的影響。故選d?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。第四段最后一句jobs requiring soft skills like time management, active lis

49、tening, cooperation, and judgment and decision-making, and jobs that are in high-touch industries are much less likely to be automated.可知需要時間管理、積極傾聽、合作、判斷和決策等軟技能的工作，以及接觸廣泛的行業(yè)的工作，自動化的可能性要小得多。故可排除b、c、d選項(xiàng)，故選a?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。第五段第一句we must make joint efforts to strengthen and fix the holes in the safety ne

50、t.指出我們必須共同努力，加強(qiáng)和修補(bǔ)安全網(wǎng)上的漏洞。接著下文提到了2020年的總統(tǒng)候選人和城市對解決這一問題所進(jìn)行的種種努力，可知第五段運(yùn)用了舉例子的方法展開，故選b?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文in the end robots wont take all the jobs, but they might take yours. 最后，機(jī)器人不會承擔(dān)所有的工作，但它們可能會承擔(dān)你的工作。再結(jié)合文章主要內(nèi)容可知最后一句劃線部分句意為：要想不被機(jī)器所取代，我們只有不斷使自己適應(yīng)相應(yīng)的變化。故選c。第二節(jié) (共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空

51、白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。how to cultivate your sense of happiness?relieving stress and anxiety might help you feel better for a bit. martin e.p. seligman, a professor of psychology at the university of pennsylvania and a pioneer in the field of positive psychology, does not see ridding negative emotions as a path to

52、 happiness.“what makes life worth living,” he said, “is much more than the absence of the negative.” _16_to cultivate the components of well-being, which include engagement, good relationships, accomplishment and purpose, dr. seligman suggests the following four exercises based on research at the pe

53、nn positive psychology center, which he directs, and at other universities.identify signature strengthswrite down a story about a time when you were at your best. _17_. reread it every day for a week, and each time ask yourself: “what personal strengths did i display when i was at my best?” writing

54、down your answers “puts you in touch with what youre good at,” dr. seligman explained. the next step is to consider how to use these strengths to your advantage, intentionally organizing and structuring your life around them._18_set aside 10 minutes before you go to bed each night to write down thre

55、e things that went really well that day. next to each event answer the question, “why did this good thing happen?” instead of focusing on lifes lows, which can increase the likelihood of depression, the exercise “turns your attention to the good things in life, so it changes what you attend to,” dr.

56、 seligman said.make a gratitude visitthink of someone who has been especially kind to you but you have not properly thanked. _19_. then arrange a meeting and read the letter aloud, in person. “its common that when people do the gratitude visit both people weep out of joy,” dr. seligman said. why is

57、the experience so powerful? “it puts you in better touch with other people, with your place in the world.”respond constructively_20_that is, instead of saying something passive like, “oh, thats nice” or being dismissive, express genuine excitement. prolong the discussion by, say, encouraging them to

58、 tell others or suggest a celebratory activity.“l(fā)ove goes better, commitment increases, and from the literature, even sex gets better after that.”a. the next time someone you care about shares good news, give an “active constructive response.”b. write a letter describing what he or she did and how it affected your life, and how you often remember the effortc. find the goodd. to dr. seligman, the most effective long-term strategy for happin