全新版大學進階英語第二版綜合教程4李蔭華課后答案Unit4

1、Unit 4 Women Nobel Prize WinnersKwy -toOpen&rSuggested answers for reference:1. No, it is not easy for women to win Nobel Prizes. Although there were more women winners in the second half of the 20th century than in the first half, and even more in the first 16 years of the 21st century, only 48

2、 out of the 911 winners between 1901 and 2016 were women.2. There are more women winners In Literature and Peace. Women had limited access to formal education for a long time, but one doesn't necessarily need lengthy formal education to become a writer or a peace activist.3. Provide equal opport

3、unities to women in education and career development. Boost interest and confidence in research among women, especially young women.ReacHng W Interacting1. Understanding the Text2. Text OrganizationReferences to timeMarie's ageMajor eventNov. 7, 1867birthdayMaria was born.188215Maria graduated f

4、rom high school.188417Maria became a govcness.July 189326Marie received a master's degree in physics.189427Marie received a second degree in mathematics.189528Marie married Pieire.189831Marie coined thejermJuly 189831Marie and Pierre discovered polonium.end of 189831Marie and Pierre disco>Ti：

5、ed radhun.190235Marie and Pierre extracted purified radium.June 190336Marie earned a doctorate in physics.Nov. 190336'lei運 Pierre and Henrishared a Nobel Prize in Physics.191144Marie won a Nobel Prize in Chemistry.191447Marie suspended research to support medical service on the battlefield.19205

6、3Marie started to suffer fiom medical problems.July 4, 193367Marie died of aplastic anemia.3. Comprehension Check3.1 Digging into detail1. Maria took on a governess's job to help support Broniazs education in France.2. She found she was ill prepared for the Sorbonne. She decided to take an apart

7、ment near the university in order to have more time for study.3. Uranium, chalcolite and pitchblende.4. They named the first one polonium, after Marie's native country, Poland, and the second one radium, from radius, the Latin word for rays.5. The nominating committee objected to including a wom

8、an as a Nobel Laureate, but Pierre1.31. The popular movie Titanic was nominuted for 14 Oscar Awards and won 11.2. Recognizing tourism's contribution to the local economy, the State of Maryland pushed back the start of the school year from the last week of August to after the first of September.3

9、. Martha, I am a long-time fan of your cooking show and have been looking forward to morting you for a long time.4. Skin cancer is said to be associated with continued exposure to the sun over a long period of time.5. The hotel staff not only advised us about the best restaurant in town, but also ar

10、ranged for a table at one of them for us.2. Usage1. Our professor thought the paper was easy and insisted that we finish it in two weeks' time.2. May I suggest that we dine/eat out for a chan/e this weekend?3. The King ordered that rhe prisoners (should) bs handed the next day.4. Nancy proposed

11、that we form/set up a team to address waste within the company.5. The conductor demanded that everybody show him a ticket.6. You can't just request that all employees work 70 hours a week foths poiect. It/s against the law!3. Sentence Patterns3.11. We have not as yet received any response from t

12、he school.2. That drug use may be the cause of the movie star's death is as yet unconfirmed.3. They could sell the as yet unbuilt apartments to eager buyers on the back of blueprints alone.3.21. If (it is) possible, I'd like to see him on Monday/Wednesday/Friday.2. If (it is) true, let/s go

13、there this summer vacation/July/August/September.3. If (it is) right, you can play games.4. Comprehensive Practice4.1 ClozeI suspect that by now you know all about Marie Curie. You have, after all, been bombarded with facts about her. You will have read all about the brilliant work that led to her b

14、eing awarded the most prestigious of scientific prizes. But why is it that so few women have been nominated for a Nobel Prize in science? It is an intriguinD question and one that has led to intense debate, stirring up emotions, with strong views being expressed on whether nature or nurture plays th

15、e dominant role. The debate has generated numerous hvpo【heses, but arriving at a conclusion that satisfies everyone would prove difficult.4.2 TranslationHave you heard about Prof. Smith from our university? He published a paper in Nature, claiming that he had discovered a new method that could be us

16、ed in treating AIDS, and that his method was simpler and more effective than current technology. Our university thought highly of his paper, giving him a great amount of money in the form of a researchant so that he could buy more advanced instruments. Prof. Smith has been bombarded with media inter

17、views, likely because reporters believe that he might be awarded the Nobel Prize for his contribution to medicine. However, some scientists suspect that the professor, brilliant according to the media, might have lied. They claim that by the end of their own experiments, following the method reveale

18、d in Prof. Smith's paper, they couldn't produce the same results as he had claimed. Prof. Smith has reacted by saying these colleagues made mistakes in their experiments and observations. Well wait and see who is right.Redde” 妝 Comprehend,”1. Comprehension Check for Reading 1A. (4)B.(7)C.(l)

19、 D. (5)E.(10) F.(12)2. Translation1.特雷莎修女和她的助手們每天都同他們在一起，心懷用氣和信念,盡量為他們舒緩痛苦. 2.這位婦女病得昏昏沉沉,沒注意;到有老鼠和蟀帽在嚙咬她的雙腳.或是知道被咬也不在 平了。3 .特蕾莎修女很憤怒。她覺得不應該讓任何人在骯臟的街頭孤苦伶仃、被人遺忘、滿心絕 里地死去。4 .因為她為世間這困和遭到遺棄的人士所做的不懈努力，特雷莎修女一生中獲得過無數(shù)榮 譽，其中最著名的莫過門那成諾貝爾委員會1979年向她頒發(fā)的諾貝爾和平獎。Comprehension Check for Reading 2 1. A 2. B 3. D 4. D

20、5. BHegrd 立 d SkiUi practicingI. Viewing & Listening Segment 1I was born in Los Angeles, in the Depression, 1933.Poor like we were, and my Dad. This is a very rough time for him. And trying to figure out how lo 陽 enough income, that was pretty, pretty rough.I had the good fortune of my mother tr

21、ansferring me into Beverly Hills High School. There were times that were very painful for me, poor kid in a 門ch kids' school. And then, of all things, I stuttered. They wanted me to engage in speech traininq So they had me do debate. You learned how to listen, engage and argue effectively. And I

22、 did do quite well in speech. When I wanted to go to college, my mom was very much opposed. I had to work my way through. So I went through in 3 years, because it's a big challenge to get enough funding actually to make it every year. And I went through, and I graduated, with 8 doHars in the ban

23、k.I married my childhood sweetheart. And I put him through Harvard Law School. And so I had to go off to Boston to find a job. And every time I applied, they would say, “Do you take shorthand? Do you take typing?” But I had had an opportunity to interview downtown for a position in Personnel, and I

24、talked my way into that position. I volunteered to wok for them for 6 weeks for free, if they would just hire me. I wanted a, a real position, I didn't want to end up being a., you know, typing or shorthand the rest of my life.Segment 2I was not admitted into a Ph.D. program, I was admitted into

25、 a Master's. But when I decided that I liked it, and I would like to do a Ph.D., that was an entirely different picture.I was in this hostle environment, where a lot of the faculty did not like it that there were women in the program.Economics just said no. And part of their reason forthat was b

26、ecause I had not had any math in college, and part of the reason forthat was that in my high school, they didn't let girls take trigonometry, unless they got an A in algebra and geometry. And so I never had the kinds of math courses that economics students had.Having never taken calculus before,

27、 she more or less taught herself calculus and reapplied to the political science department. And by the spring semester, she was admitted into the doctoral program. And as they say, the rest is history.Segment 3I think that one of the things that attracted Lynn to Vincent is that from Day 1, he did

28、take her seriously. They were together in a way that most married people never get together from Day 1. The point is neither of them would have been ds important as they were together.When we did the house, I had to draw it. We wanted the roof pitched this way. Well, there we were interested in the

29、traditions of the American Indians up far North. And in ranch houses, you had a roof running this way with a totem pole out front. So I ended up drawing a lot of this house.Transcript:Elinor:We've already entered a new era, and we recognize that women have the capabilities of doing great scienti

30、fic work. And, yes； I appreciate that this is an honor to be the first woman, but I won't be the last.I was born in Los Angeles, in the Depression； 1933.Poor like we were, and my Dad. This is a very rough time for him. And trying to figure out how to get enough income, that was pretty, pretty ro

31、ugh.I had the good fortune of my mother transferring me into Beverly Hills High School. There were times that were very painful for me, poor kid In a rich kids/ school. And then, of all things, I stuttered. They wanted me to engage in speech training. So they had me do debate. You learned how to lis

32、ten, engage and argue effectively. And I did do quite well in speech.M.H. Goldstick:Lynn was a classmate of mine. She was fun. She had a darling sense of humor. I had a lot of confidence that she just knew the answers. I looked through my yearbooks, and I saw her picture is in every group where some

33、thing or activity is taking place for the community or the school.And this is the commencement for the high school graduation, Beverly Hills High School. And Lynn made the Commencement Address. And the subject is, hold on, “Is There a World Tomorrow?7/Elinor:When I wanted to go to college, my mom wa

34、s very much opposed. I had to work my way through. So I went through in 3 years, because its a big challenge to get enough funding actually to make it every year. And I went through, and I graduated, with 8 dollars in the bank.I married my childhood sweetheart. And I put him through Harvard Law Scho

35、ol. And so I had to go off to Boston to find a job. And every time I applied, they would say, “Do you take shorthand? Do you take typing?” But I had had an opportunity to interview downtown for a position in Personnel, and I talked my way into that position. I volunteered to work for them for 6 week

36、s for free, if they would just hire me. I wanted a, a real position, I didn't want to end up being a., you know, typing or shorthand the rest of my life. I started to take one graduate course a semester for a while and get my MPA. And I got very excited about it. Then it turned out my childhood

37、sweetheart went/ thought, was going to go into private practice, but ended up working, to work for a private corporation. And our lifestyles just went dramatically different. There was a lot of cocktail talk and light talk. We struggled through this. Was it not going to work? And we decided that it

38、was not going to work. He found a new sweetheart soon. I went to graduate school and eventually met Vincent.Elinor:Well, I got accepted to do a Master's, a Master's in Public Administration. And that's a professional degree. And since I worked in the industry, and worked in Personnel Man

39、agement, it made sense.Louis Weschler:Once she finally got admitted into the Master's program, she shifted from that job and took the position as the research assistant on a project that I was working on called the Lakewood Project with Bob Warren, Charles M. Tiebout, Vincent Ostrom. And they we

40、re going to write the definitive book about metropolitan governance in Los Angeles. And she was a sort of a librarian gopher for that project When she completed her Master's degree, it did not advance her.Elinor:I was not admitted into a Ph.D. program, I was admitted into a Master/s. But when I

41、decided that I liked it, and I would like to do a Ph.D, that was an entirely different picture.I was in this hostile environment, where a lot of the faculty did not like it that there were women In the program.Economics just said no. And part of their reason for that was because I had not had any ma

42、th in college, and part of the reason for that was that in my high school, they didn't let girls take trigonometry, unless they got an A in algebra and geometry. And so I never had the kinds of math courses that economics students had.Louis Weschler:Having never taken calculus before, she more o

43、r less taught herself calculus and reapplied to the political science department. And by the spring semester, she was admitted into the doctoral program. And as they say, the rest is history.Louis Weschler:I think that one of the things that attracted Lynn to Vincent is that from Day 1, he did take

44、her seriously. They were together in a way that most married people never get together from Day 1. The point is neither of them would have been as important as they were together.Vincent Ostrom:Lynn and I have been close collaborators. Now for a period of 40 years, I've been able to carry on con

45、versations with Lynn at breakfast, throughout dinnertime and then we were able to continue to address puzzles and we looked upon the problems we were confronting as puzzles to be solved. So instead of arguing, we were inquiring.Elinor Ostrom:When we did the house, I had to draw it. We wanted the roo

46、f pitched this way. Well, there 9we were interested in the traditions of the American Indians up far North. And in ranch houses, you had a roof running this way with a totem pole out front. So I ended up drawing a lot of this house. And then when we built the log cabin, Vincent did the initial sketch and I did all of thescale drawings for them. So I