北京語言大學832普通語言學科目模擬試題一

1、北京語言大學外國語言學及應用語言學專業(yè)832普通語言學科目模擬試題(一)Part 1. An swer the followi ng questi ons and write dow n your an swers on your answer sheet.( 共 50 分)sound1. writedown the correct sound segments according to thedescriptio ns.(1) voiced bilabial plosive sound :(2) voiceless alveolar fricative:(3) high front tens

2、e unroun ded vowel:(4) mid cen tral lax unroun ded vowel:(5) mid cen tral vowel to high back vowel:2. write down the correct phonetic detail about the underlining part.(1) help:(2) play:(3) tenth :(4) button:(5) button:3. write down the word formation process on your answer sheet.(1)smog:bike:WTO:Ed

3、itor:Sput nik:4. Make sure the sense relations between different words(1) word & uni verse:(2) warm & cool:(3) alive & dead:(4) buy & sell:(5) animal & cow:5. please write down the meanings of meaning in G. Leechs opinion.(1) what is communicated through association with another sense ofthe same exp

4、ression.(2) what is communicated of the feelings and attitudes of the speaker or writer.(3) what is communicated by virtue of what languages refersto.(4) logical, cognitive, or denotative content(5) what is communicated of the social circumstances of language use.Part 2. Fill the blanks with the cor

5、rect answers.(50分)1. Language, broadly speaking, is a meansof communication.2. In any language words can be used in new ways to mean new thingsand can be combined into innumerable sentences based on limited rules. This feature is usually termed .3. Language has many functions. We can use language to

6、 talk aboutitself. This function is .4. Theory that primitive man made involuntary vocal noises whileperforming heavy work has been called the theory.5. Linguistics is the study of language.6. Modern linguistics is in the sense that the linguisttries to discover what language is rather than lay down

7、 some rules for people to observe.7. refers to the sound which is capable of distinguishing one word or one shape of word from another in a given language.8. The description of a language as it changes through time is a study.9. Saussure put forward two important concepts. refers tothe abstract ling

8、uistic system shared by all members of a speech community.10. Linguistic potential is similar to Saussures langue and Chomskys11. The process involving an alternation in the sequence of sunds is12. The relation between“dog”and “animal ”is that of .13.In English the theme and theme are expressed by a

9、nd.14.The language knowledge of UGrelated to a particular language is known as.15.A relation holding between elements replacement with each other at a particular place in a structure is called.Part3 Definitions.(20分 )(1) Duarity(2) Phoneme(3) Morphology(4) Concord(5) Connotative meaningPart 4. answe

10、r the following questions(30 分)(1) what are the main concerns of semantics?(2) In what ways do people cooperate in their conversations?北京語言大學外國語言學及應用語言學專業(yè)832 普通語言學科目模擬試題（一）參考答案Part1.1. bsi: ?ei2. velarization, Devoicing, Nasalaization, Glottalization, Syllabification3. Blending, Abbreviation, Acrony

11、my, Back-formation, Borrowing 4.Synonymy. Gradable antonymy, Complementary Antonymy, Converse Antonymy.Hyponymy.5. Reflected meaning,Affective meaning, Connotative meaning, Conceptual meaning, social meaning.Part21. human 2.recusive 3. metalingual 4. yo-he-ho 5.scientific 6. descriptive7.phoneme 8.

12、diachronic 9. langue 10. competence 11.metathesis 12.hyponymy13. subject predicate 14.parameters 15. paradigmatic relation.Part31. Duarity: It means the property of having two levels of structures, sucn that units of the primary level are composed of elements of the secondary level and each of the t

13、wo levels there is a structure of sounds , which are meaningless by themselves. But the sounds of language can be grouped and regrouped into a large number of units of meanig, which are found at higher level of the system. To talk about duarity we must notice that langusage is heirarchical.2. Phonem

14、e:it is a basic unit of phonological study, which refers to the explicit sound contrast:the existence of a minimal pair automatically grants phonemic status to the sounds responsible for the contrasts.3.Morphology: it is a branch of grammar which studiesthe internal structureof words and the rules b

15、y which words are formed. Morphology mainly concerns the inflectional and derivational reseaching fields.4. concord:it is also called agreement; it is a syntactic relation between words and phrases which are compatible, in a given construction, by virture of inflections carried by at least one of th

16、em. There are two types of concord:notional agreement and grammatical agreement.5. connotative meaning:it means what is communicated by virtue of what language refers to, which was firstly put forward by G. Leech.Part4.1. Semantics examines how meaning is encoded in a language. It is not only concerned with meaning of words as lexical items, but also with levels of language belowthe word and above it, e.g.meaning of morphemes and sentences.The following are waht the key concepets look like:semantic components, denotation of words, sense relations between words such as atonomu ans synony