四年級英語小學英語語法及習題

1、小學英語語法及習題、名詞復數(shù)規(guī)則1. 一般情況下，直接力卩-s, 如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2. 以 s. x. sh. ch 結尾，力卩-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3 .以 輔音字母+y”結尾，變 y 為 i, 再力卩-es, 如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries4.以“或 fe 結尾，變 f 或 fe 為 v,再加-es，如：knife-knives5. 不規(guī)則名詞復數(shù)：man-men,woman-wo

2、men,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-micechild-children,foot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 寫出下列各詞的復數(shù)I _ _him _this _ _ her _watch _ child_ photo _ diary _day_ _ foot_ _ book_ dress _tooth_ _ sheep _box_ _ strawberry _thief _ _yo-yo _ _

3、 peach_ _ sandwich _man_ woman_ paper_ juice_water_ milk_rice_ tea_般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時基本用法介紹【No. 1】一般現(xiàn)在時的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：The sky is blue 天空是藍色的。2.表示經常性或習慣性的動作。如：I get up at six every day 我每天六點起床。3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實。如：The earth goes around the su 地球繞著太陽轉。一般現(xiàn)在時的構成1. be 動詞：主語 +be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy 我是一個男孩。2. 行為

4、動詞：主語 +行為動詞 (+其它)。如：We study En glish 我們學習英語。當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she,it)寸，要在動詞后加-s或-es。女口： Mary likes Chinese 瑪麗喜歡漢語。一般現(xiàn)在時的變化1. be 動詞的變化。否定句：主語 + be + not +其它。女口： He is not a worker 他不是工人。一般疑問句： Be +主語+其它。如： -Are you a student?-Yes. I am. / No, Im not.特殊疑問句：疑問詞 +一般疑問句。如： Where is my bike?2. 行為動詞的變化。否定句：主

5、語 + dont( doesnt ) +動詞原形(+其它)。如：I dont like bread.當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用does nt 構成否定句。如：He doesnt often play.一般疑問句： Do( Does ) +主語+動詞原形 +其它。如：- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I dont.當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用does 構成一般疑問句。如：- Does she go to work by bike?小學英語語法及習題- Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.特殊疑問句：疑問詞

6、 +一般疑問句。 如： How does your father go to work?動詞+s 的變化規(guī)則1. 一般情況下，直接加-s,如：cook-cooks, milk-milks2. 以 s. x. sh. ch. o 結尾，力卩-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3 .以 輔音字母+y”結尾，變 y 為 i,再加-es,如：study-studies一般現(xiàn)在時用法專練 :一、 寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)drink _ go _ stay _ make _look _ have_ pass_ carry _co

7、me_ watch_plant_ fly _study_ brush_ do_ teach_二、 用括號內動詞的適當形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _ (be) in Class One.3. We _ (not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _ (not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _ (like) the World Cup?6. What _they often _ (do) on Saturdays?7. _ your parent

8、s _ (read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I _ (take) a walk together every evening.10. There _ (be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _ (like) cooking.12. They _ (have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _ (look) after her baby carefully.14. You always _ (do) your

9、 homework well.15. I _ (be) ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _ (go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE.18. The child often _ (watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang _ (have) eight lessons this term.20.What day _ (be) it today? It s Saturday.三、 按照要求改寫句子1. Daniel watc

10、hes TV every evening.改為否定句)2. I do my homework every day.改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)3. She likes milk.(改為一般疑問句，作肯定回答)4. Amy likes playing computer games.改為一般疑問句，作否定回答 )5. We go to school every morning.改為否定句)6. He speaks English very well.改為否定句)7. I like taking photos in the park.(對劃線部分提問)8. John comes from Canad

11、a 對劃線部分提問)9. She is always a good student 改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)10. Sim on and Da niel like goi ng skat in g.改 為否定句)五、改錯伐 U 出錯誤的地方，將正確的寫在橫線上)1. Is your brother speak En glish?_2. Does he likes going fish ing?_3. He likes play games after class._4. Mr. Wu teachs us En glish._5. She don t do her homework on S

12、un days._三、現(xiàn)在進行時1 .現(xiàn)在進行時表示現(xiàn)在正在進行或發(fā)生的動作，也可表示當前一段時間內的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進行 的動作。2. 現(xiàn)在進行時的肯定句基本結構為 be+動詞 ing.3. 現(xiàn)在進行時的否定句在 be 后加 not。4. 現(xiàn)在進行時的一般疑問句把 be 動詞調到句首。5. 現(xiàn)在進行時的特殊疑問的基本結構為：疑問詞+ be +主語+動詞 ing?但疑問詞當主語時其結構為：疑問詞+ be +動詞 ing?動詞加 ing 的變化規(guī)則1. 一般情況下，直接加 ing,如：cook-cooking2.以不發(fā)音的 e 結尾，去 e 加 ing，如: make-making, taste

13、-tasting3.如果末尾是一個元音字母和一個輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing， 如： run-running, stop-stopping現(xiàn)在進行時專項練習：一、寫出下列動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：play_run_ swim_make_go_ like_ write_ ski_read_ have_sing _ dance_put_ see_buy_ love_live_ take_ come_ get_stop_ sit_ begin_ shop_二、用所給的動詞的正確形式填空：1. The boy_ (draw) a picture now.2. Liste n .Some girls_

14、(sing) in the classroom.3. My mother_(cook) some n ice food now.4. What_ you_(do) now?5. Look. They_(have) an En glish less on.6. They_ (not, water) the flowers now.7. Look! The girls_ (dance )in the classroom .8. What is our gran ddaughter doing? She_ (liste n ) to music.9. It 5 os clock now. We_ha

15、ve) supper now10. _ Helen_ (wash )clothes? Yes, she is.三、句型轉換：1. They are doing housework.分別改成一般疑問句和否定句)2The students are cleaning the classroom . 改（ 一般疑問句并作肯定和否定回答 ） 3I m playing the footballin the playgronud .（對劃線部分進行提問 ）4Tom is reading books in his study . 對（ 劃線部分進行提問 ）四、將來時一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及打

16、算、 計劃或準備做某事。 句中一般有以下時間狀語： tomorrow,n ext day（week, mon th, year）,so on, the day after tomorfOW 天）等。二、基本結構： be going to + do； will+ do.三、 否定句：在 be 動詞（am, is, are 后加 not 或情態(tài)動詞 will 后加 not 成 won。例如：I m going to have a pic nic this after noon. I m not going to have a pic nic this after noon.四、一般疑問句：be 或

17、 will 提到句首，some 改為 any, and 改為 or,第一二人稱互換。例如： We are going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?五、對劃線部分提問。一般情況,一般將來時的對劃線部分有三種情況。1.問人。 Who 例如： I m going to New York soon.Who s going to New York soon.2.問干什么。What do.例 如： My father is going to watch a race with

18、me this after noon. What isyour father going to do with you this afternoon.3.問什么時候。When.例如：She s going to go to bed at nine.When is sh going to bed?六、同義句： be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow （明天）.=I will go swimming tomorrow.練習：填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ have a picnic with my friends.I _ h

19、ave a picnic with my friends.2.下個星期一你打算去干嘛 ? 我想去打籃球。What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday? I _ _ _ playbasketball.What _ you do next Monday? I _ play basketball.3.你媽媽這個周末去購物嗎？是,她要去買一些水果。_ your mother _ _ go shopping this _ ?Yes, she _. She _ _ _ buy some fruit.4.你們打算什么時候見面。What time _ you _ _ meet?改句子。5.Nancy

20、is going to go camping.（改否定）Nancy_going to go camping.6.I ll go and join them（改否定）I_ go_ join them.7.I m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow 改一般疑問句）_ _ _ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?8.We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30（. 改一般疑問句）_ _ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.9.She is going to listen to music after

21、 school（. 對劃線部分提問）_ _ she _ _ _ after school?10.My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow 同 上） going to see aplay the day after tomorrowPEP 小學英語重點句型語法總結 人教版 PEP 教材在小學階段涉及的重要語法知識主要有7 種：to be 句型、there be 句型、一般現(xiàn)在時句型、現(xiàn)在進行時句型、一般過去時句型、情態(tài)動詞 引導的型、be going to 句型等。現(xiàn)以 5-8 冊書為例，簡要總結如下：

22、一to be 句型：用于介紹個人情況如姓名、健康狀況、身份、國籍、家庭成員、朋友、職業(yè)等，描述地點、顏色、四季、日期、星期幾等，該句型廣泛分布于各冊教材中，其中58 冊的句型主要有：1. Whos your English teacher?Mr. Carter.2. What s he likeH?es tall and strong.3. Is she quiet? No, she isn She isvet.ry active.4. Is she strict? Yes, she is, but shes very kind.5. What day is it today? Itednes

23、dsayW.6. What s your favourite fruit/food？7. They re sweet/ sour/ salty/ healthy/8. When is your birthday? Its in May.9. My birthday is in June. Uncle Bill s birthday is in June, too.10. Is her birthday in June? Yes, it is.11. What hsetdate?12. This is Zhang Peng.13. Where is the cinema, please? Its

24、 next to the hospital.14. How tall are you？ I m 164 cm tall.15. You are shorter than me.16. Youre 4 cm taller than me.17. How heavy are you? Im 48 kg.18. I m thinnernthyaou, and shorter.19. What s the matter with you?My throat is sore.20. How are you, Liu Yun / Sarah?二 there be 句型：表示存在，即： 某處有某物”或 某時

25、有某事”句型基本結構為：There is+可數(shù) 名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞+時間或地點。There are+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)+地點。該句型主要分布在第 5 冊的 Unit 5 和 Unit 6 中，如：1. There are two bedrooms, a kitchen, a bathroom and a living room.2. There is a mirror, a bed and a big closet.3. Is there a forest in the park? Yes, there is.4. Is there a river? No, there isn t.5. Are

26、there any pandas in the mountains?No, there aren t.6. Are there any fish in the rivers? Yes, there are.三一般現(xiàn)在時句型：表示習慣性的動作或行為，或現(xiàn)在存在著的狀況。句型基本結構為：主語+行為動詞+其他。當主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時，要在動詞原形后面加s 或 es,其他人稱作主語時則用動詞原形，在問句及否定句中需要用助 動詞 do 或 does。這種句型通常 有一些 標志詞，女口：usually often sometimes never always 等。該句型主要分布在第 5 冊 Unit2&a

27、mp;3，第 6 冊 Unit1 &2,第 7 冊 Unit4,5,6,第 8 冊 Unit2 中。如：Book5:1. What do you have on Thursdays? We have English, math and science on Thursdays.2. What do you do on Saturdays? I watch TV on Saturdays.3. I do my homework.4. What do you have for lunch on Mondays? We have tomatoes, tofu and fish.5. I li

28、ke fruit. But I dont like grapes.Book6:can1. When do you eat dinner? I eat dinner at 7:00 in the evening.2. When do you get up? I usually get up at 12:00 noon.3. What do you do on the weekend? Usually I watch TV and go shopping.4. Sometimes I visit my grandparents. I often play football. Sometimes I

29、 go hiking.5. Which season do you like best? I like winter best.6. Why do you like summer/winter?Book7:1. How do you go to school, Sarah?2. Usually I go to school on foot. Sometimes I go by bike.3. I like collecting stamps. He likes collecting stamps, too.4. Does she teach math?Yes, she does.5. Does

30、 she teach English？ No, she doesn Sht.e teaches math.6. What does your mother do? What does your father do?7. Where does she work? She works in a car company.8. How does she go to work? She goes to work by bus.9. Where does the rain come from? It comes from the clouds.10. Where does the cloud come f

31、rom? It comes from the vapour.11. Where does the vapour come from? It comes from the water in the river.12. The sun shines and the water becomes vapour.13. How do you do that?Book8:1. My nose hurts.2. How do you feel? I feel sick. How does Amy feel?3. You look so happy. You look sad today.四現(xiàn)在進行時句型：表

32、示說話時正在進行的動作或事件，或在短期內正在進行的動作或存在的情況。標志詞是：now 也常用在 Look! Listen!等后面。句型主要結構為：be 動詞(am, is, are) +動詞現(xiàn) 在分詞(v. ing)。該句型主要分布在第 6 冊 Unit4, 5, 6 中。如：1. What are you doing? I m doing the dishes.I m reading a book.2. Grandpa is writing a letter. Brother is doing homework. Mom is cooking dinner in the kitchen.3.

33、 He is writing an e-mail in the study.3. What is it doing ? It s eating bananas.4. What is she doing ? Shes jumping.5. What are they doing ? Theyre swimming.They re climbing trees.6. Are you eating lunch? No, we aren t.7. Are they eating the honey? Yes, they are.8. Is he playing chess? Yes, he is.9. Is she counting insects? No, she isn t.五一般過去時句型：表示過去發(fā)生的而現(xiàn)在已經結束的事件、動作或情況。句型基本結構為：主語+動詞過去式 +其他。標志詞通常是： yesterday, last week , last year 等，在問句與否定句中要用助動詞 did。該句型分布在第 8 冊 Unit3&4 中。如：1. What did you do last weekend? I played football.2. Did you help them clean their room? Yes, I did.3. What did you