形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)

1、形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)英語中的形容詞通常用三種形式來表達(dá)事物的等級(jí)差別，分別是原級(jí)、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。大 部分形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)是通過變化詞尾來實(shí)現(xiàn)的，屬于規(guī)則變化，但也有少數(shù)是不規(guī)則變 化。英語中有些形容詞說明形狀、材質(zhì)等，還有形容詞沒有程度可分或其本身就表示某種程度， 故而沒有比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。常見的有：right正確的 last最后 的 empty空的 rou nd圓的wrong錯(cuò)誤的 P ossible可能的 woode n木制的 golden金色的excelle nt最好的 first第一的 imp ossible不可能 的 square方的final最后的 east東方的 favo

2、urite最喜歡的一、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成1規(guī)則變化單音節(jié)和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)形容詞變化規(guī)則如嚇：1）單音節(jié)詞末尾加-er （比較級(jí)），-est （最高級(jí)）【例】原級(jí)great small clea n比較級(jí) greater smaller clea ner最咼級(jí)greatest smallest clea nest2）單音節(jié)如以e結(jié)尾，只加-r'（比較級(jí)），【例】finefin erfin estnicen icernicestwidewiderwidest3）以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)單音節(jié)詞加-er （比較級(jí)），-est （最高級(jí)）【例】bigbiggerbiggesthothott

3、erhottestfatfatterfattest-st （最咼級(jí)）,須先雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母，再4）以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，將y變?yōu)閕，加-er （比較級(jí)），-est （最 咼級(jí)）【例】happyhapp ierhapp iesteasyeasiereasiestheavyheavierheaviestfunnyfunnierfunni est5）以-er， OW，【例】clever-ble結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，末尾加 -er （比較級(jí)），-est （最高級(jí)） cleverercleverestn arrown arrowerableabler（2）其他雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞在詞前加 【例】ti

4、redin terest ing difficultn arrowest ablestmoremore tired more in terest ing more difficult（比較級(jí)），most （最高級(jí)）most tiredmost in terest ing most difficult（注意：A :有詞根加級(jí)）女口 friendly-friend+ly 構(gòu)成，friendlyly構(gòu)成的形容詞，在詞前加 more （比較級(jí)），most （最高more friendlymost friendly；B :以形容前綴un構(gòu)成的三音節(jié)形容詞不適合上述情況，如unha ppy-unha pp

5、 ier-unha pp iest,untidy-untidier-untidiest ）2不規(guī)則變化形容詞的不規(guī)則變化如下:原級(jí)比較級(jí)最咼級(jí)good/wellbetterbestbad/illworseworstlittle/ fewlessleastmuch/manymoremostfarfarther更遠(yuǎn)的（只指距離）further更遠(yuǎn)的（指距離）； 更深入的（指程度）farthest; furthestoldolder較老的，較舊的；長(zhǎng)輩 的（指年齡、新舊、血緣）； elder長(zhǎng)輩的（只指血緣）oldest; eldest二、比較級(jí)的用法物體B.她比我的姐姐漂亮。 這瓶子比那瓶子大。（

6、1）高于或低于另一方的比較 運(yùn)用“比較級(jí)+than”的結(jié)構(gòu)可以表達(dá)一方超過或低于另一方的情況。 即： 物體 A + am / are / is + 形比 + than +She is more beautiful tha n my sister. This bottle is bigger tha n that one.比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)這種結(jié)構(gòu)表示事物本身程度的逐漸增長(zhǎng)，意為“越來越.”。She is beco ming fatter and fatter.她變得越來越胖。It is gett ing warmer and warmer.天氣變得越來越暖和。三、最高級(jí)的用法1.表示在三者

7、或三者以上中程度最高+比較范圍（of +人/物，in +地方） 露西是她學(xué)校最漂亮的女孩。吉姆是這三個(gè)男孩中最瘦的。最高級(jí)是表示在三者或更多者中程度最高的比較形式。此時(shí)應(yīng)運(yùn)用形容詞的最 高級(jí)，其句式為：the+形容詞最高級(jí)+ （名詞）+表示范圍的短語或從句，即:物體 A + am / are / is + the + 形最高級(jí) + （名詞）Lucy is the most beautiful girl in her school.Jim is the thinn est of the three boys.2.“最.”的其他表達(dá)方法。(1)運(yùn)用比較級(jí)表達(dá)最高級(jí)的概念。Ann is taller

8、 tha n any other girl in her class.Ann is taller tha n the other girls in her class.Ann is taller tha n the rest of girls in her class.以上三句表達(dá)的意思等同于最高級(jí)的含義：Ann is the tallest of the girls in her class.安是她們班上最高的女生。四、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的修飾語1. 比較級(jí)的修飾語修飾比較級(jí)的常用語和短語主要有：much（.得多），a lot （.得多），a little （.一點(diǎn)），a bit（.一點(diǎn)）， t

9、wice（.兩倍），five times （.五倍）等。Do you feel much better today tha n yesterday?你今天感覺比昨天好很多了嗎？2. 最高級(jí)的修飾語常用的最高級(jí)的修飾語有序數(shù)詞 the first，the seconc等以及almost（差不多，幾 乎）nearly （差不多，幾乎）。Africa is the sec ond largest continent.非洲是第二大洲。Amy 'writi ng is almost the best of all the stude nts.在所有學(xué)生中，艾米的書寫幾乎是最好的。五、需要注意的情

10、況1.使用比較級(jí)時(shí)常見的錯(cuò)誤（1）more不可修飾比較級(jí)，但是 much可以用來加強(qiáng)比較級(jí)，意為“.的多” “更.”She looks more youn ger tha n I.She looks much youn ger tha n I.（2）比較的對(duì)象或范圍出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤。The weather of Shanghai is hotter than Beijing.（比較的對(duì)象應(yīng)該是北京的天氣，而不是北京）The weather of Sha nghai is hotter tha n that of Beiji ng.紡 上海的天氣比北京的熱。Chi na is larger than a

11、ny cou ntry in Asia.()(出現(xiàn)了邏輯上的錯(cuò)誤，中國(guó)就是亞洲 的一個(gè)國(guó)家，應(yīng)當(dāng)排除在外)China is larger than any other country in Asia. (vj)中國(guó)比亞洲別的國(guó)家要大。2形容詞最高級(jí)前通常要加定冠詞 the,而以下幾種情況一般不需要加定冠詞the:(1)形容詞最高級(jí)前有序數(shù)詞、物主代詞、指示代詞或名詞所有格等限定詞修 飾時(shí),最高級(jí)前不用the。如：The Yellow River is the sec ond Ion gest river in China黃河是中國(guó)第二長(zhǎng)河。(2)形容詞最高級(jí)在句中作表語而比較范圍又不明確時(shí)，最

12、高級(jí)前不用the。如:They are happi est on Saturday他 們?cè)谛瞧诹羁鞓贰?3) 如果兩個(gè)形容詞最高級(jí)并列修飾同一個(gè)名詞時(shí)，第二個(gè)形容詞最高級(jí)前不加 the。如：He is the youn gest and tallest boy in his class.是班上年齡最小、個(gè)子最高的男孩。練習(xí) 形容詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)（一） 一、寫出下列單詞的反義詞1. hot2.new3. clea n4. high5. heavy6.cold7. bad12. Mr. LinMr. Brow n. (sad)二、寫出下列形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)1. old2. busy3. th

13、in4. many三、用適當(dāng)形式填空:5. slow6. delicious1. Bob is(young ) than Fred but(tall) thanFred.2. Yin gtia n is not as(tall) asY on gxia n.3. Almost all the stude nts' faces are the same but Li Demi ng looks(fat) thanbefore .4. Which is(heavy), a hen or a chicke n?5.- How(tall) is Sally?She' s 1.55 me

14、tres(tall). What about Xiaoli ng?-She' s only 1.40 metres(tall). She is much(short) than Sally. Sheis also the(short)girl in the class.6. He is(bad) at lear ning maths. He is much(bad) at Chin ese and heis the(bad) at En glish.7. Annie says Sally is the(kind) person in the world.8.He is one of t

15、he(frien dly) people in the class, I thi nk.9. A dictio nary is much(expen sive) tha n a story-book.10. An orange ia a little(big) tha n an app le, but much(small) tha na watermelo n.11.Miss Che n isthan Mr. Wang. (popu lar)13. The basketballthe baseball. (big)14. Question AQuesti on B. (im porta nt

16、)15. A rosea weeid(草).(beautiful)16. Toro nto iscity in Can ada. (large)17. P layi ng compu ter games isof all the activities.( in teresti ng).18. The Nile(尼羅河)isriver in the world. (lo ng)19. Good health isthing life. (imp orta nt)20. Taking a taxi isway to get to the air port. (easy)21. Test 1 iso

17、f all the tests. (difficult ) 22. He isthan any other boy in the class< clever)23. She isthan all the other stude nts. (young)24. The wi ndow isof the two. (n arrow)25. Where is thebus-stop? (n ear)26. He is one ofPoliticians. (famous)27. Tom drives muchthan Joh n. (careful)28. The white flower i

18、s(beautiful). The yellow flower is(beautiful)tha n the white flower. The red flower is theof the three.四、選擇題1. She istha nA. busier / us B. busier / we C. more busy / us D. more busy / we2. Jane isthan Betty.A. less taller B. less tallest C. less tall D. not as tall3. Chi na iscountry in the world.A

19、. the third largest B. the largest third C. the third large D. a third largest4. -Which isseas on in Beiji ng?-I thi nk it's autu mn.A.goodB.betterC.bestD.the best5. - Which is,the sun, the moon or the earth?-Of course, the moon is.A.smallB.smallerC.smallestD.the smallest6.The air in Beiji ng is

20、 gett ing muchnow tha n a few years ago.A. clea nB. clea nerC. clea nestD. the clea nest7. Mobile phones are very popu lar now and they arethan before.A.cheapB.cheaperC.cheapestD. the chea pest8. I study English asas my brother.9. Which isA.hard B. harder C. hardest,a bicycle or a compu ter?A. expen

21、 sive B.more expen sive C.the most expen siverivers in Chi na.10. The Yellow River is one ofA long B Ion ger C the Ion gest11.She is the seco ndstude nt in our class.A. tall B. taller C. talles形容詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)（二）、用括號(hào)里的詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Tom can jump(high). He jumps(high) tha n the other boys inhis class.2. Janet

22、 sing(well) in her class. She can sing(well) tha n her musicteacher, too.3. My father is(han dsome). But my brother is(han dsome) tha n him.He is(han dsome) in my family.4. I have(many) books in my class. But my teacher has(many) booksthan(I).5.(they) house is much(old) than(we).6.(she) dan ces(well

23、) than(he).7.(he) house are(small) of the four.8. Does(she) mother get up(early) tha n(you)?9. Which eats(many), the mouse, the dog or the horse?10. Are(we) going to p lay football with(they)?寫出下列形容詞與副詞的比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)形式:longwidefatheavyslowfewfarhappy_三.用所給詞的正確形式填空:unhappy1. Of the two girls, I find Lucy t

24、he(clever).2. Gold(黃金)is(little) useful than iron(鐵).3. My sister is two years(old ) than I.4. Joh n s parents have four daughters, and she is the(young) child.5. The(chea p) bags are the not usually the best ones.6. The short one is by farexpen sive of the five.7. The boy is not so(in teresti ng) a

25、s his brother.8. Dick sings(well), she sings(well) than John, but Marysings(well) in her class.9. She will be much(happy) in her mew house.10. This dress isthat.(twice, as as,expensive)四.選擇填空:1. He feelstoday tha n yesterday.A. tired B. more tired C. more tireder D. much tired2. Which do you like,co

26、ffee, tea or milk?A. the worst B. worse C. the worse D. worst 3. Of the two toys, the child choseA. the expen sive one B. one most expen siveC. a least expen siveD. the most expen sive of them4. The line isthan that one.A. more Ion ger B. not Ion ger C. much more Ion ger D. many more longer5. The ea

27、rth isthe moon.A. as 49 times big as B. 49 times as bigger asC. 49 times as big as D.as big as 49 times6. The book isof the two.A. thi nner B. the thinner C. more thi nner D. the thi nn est7. She looksthan she does.A. the more older B. very older C. much older D. more older8. The garde n is beco min

28、gA. more beautiful and more B. more beautiful and beautifulC. more and more beautiful D. more beautiful and beautifuler9. They comp eted (比賽)to see who could workA. the fastest and bestB. the faster and the betterC. fastest and betterD. faster and better10.hurry,sp eed.A. More, less B. Much, little

29、C. The more, the less D. The much, the little五.翻譯句子:1.本書跟那本書一樣有趣。This book isthat one.2.你游泳沒有你弟弟好。You can t swimyour brother.3.今天比昨天冷的多。It istodayit was yesterday.4.對(duì)這個(gè)故事我比另一個(gè)喜歡的多。This story isthan thatone.5.他比我大兩歲。He isthan I.6.這個(gè)故事不如那個(gè)有趣。This story isthan that one.7.她的身體狀況一天天好起來。He is gett ingever

30、y day.8.他對(duì)英語越來越感興趣。He is becomi ngEn glish.he gets.of two.9.他吃的越多，人越胖。The more he eats, the10.你的問題是兩個(gè)中比較難的那個(gè)Your question is六、用適當(dāng)形式填空:1. Bob is(young ) tha n Fred, but(tall) than Fred.2. Alice is not as(tall) as Mike.3. Li Deming looks(fat) tha n before after the summer holidays.4.Which is(heavy), a

31、 hen or a chicke n?5.- How(tall) is Sally?is the(dan gerous) ani mal in the world.-She' s only 1.40 metres(tall). She is much(short) than Sally. Sheis also the6. He is(bad) at lear ning maths. He is much(bad) at Chin ese andhe is the(bad) at En glish.7. Annie says Sally is the(kind) person in th

32、e world.(short) girl in the class.8. He is one of the9. A dictio nary is much10. An orange is a little(big) tha n an appi e,but much(small) tha na watermelo n.11. The Chan gjia ng River is the(lo ng) river in China.12. Sue is a little(beautiful) tha n her sister.13. My room is not as(big) as my brot

33、her' s.14. -How difficult is physics?-I' m not sure.-Is it(difficult) than maths?-I don' t thi nk so.15. - Annie p lays the piano very(well).-Sue p lays it(well) than Annie. And Sally p lays it the(well).16. Saturday is my(busy) day in a week.17. Her mother is gett ing(fat) and(fat).18.

34、I think it' s too expen sive. I' d like a(chea p) one.19. He comes to school much(early) tha n I.2O.This book is not as(in teresti ng) as that one.21. Your classroom is(wide)and(bright) tha n ours.22. P ractise as(much) as you can.23. The(much), the(good).(frien dly) people in the class, I think.24. Nowadays(現(xiàn)在)En glish is(important ) than any other subject, Ithi nk.25. Most of the stude nts thi nk a lion is much(dan gerous) tha n a bear and it(expen sive) tha n a story-book.26. The app les in the other shop areand.(chea p; good)27. Many of the stars are s