英語排比Parallelism

1、Correction Symbol:=1 Definition2 Effects3 TypesCatalogue4 AttentionsDefinition In grammar, parallelism is a balance of two or more similar words, phrases, or clauses. The application of parallelism in sentence construction can sometimes improve writing style, clearness, and readability. 排比也被稱為對句法、平行

2、結(jié)構(gòu)或平行構(gòu)造排比也被稱為對句法、平行結(jié)構(gòu)或平行構(gòu)造, ,是由兩是由兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上結(jié)構(gòu)相同或相似、內(nèi)容相關(guān)、證據(jù)一致的個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上結(jié)構(gòu)相同或相似、內(nèi)容相關(guān)、證據(jù)一致的短語、句子或段落排列在一起，用來加強(qiáng)語勢強(qiáng)調(diào)內(nèi)容，短語、句子或段落排列在一起，用來加強(qiáng)語勢強(qiáng)調(diào)內(nèi)容，加重感情的修辭方式。特點(diǎn)是結(jié)構(gòu)上整齊勻稱，讀起來加重感情的修辭方式。特點(diǎn)是結(jié)構(gòu)上整齊勻稱，讀起來鏗鏘有力。鏗鏘有力。 英語平行結(jié)構(gòu)是指連接兩個(gè)或以上對等的詞和對等英語平行結(jié)構(gòu)是指連接兩個(gè)或以上對等的詞和對等的結(jié)構(gòu)，常見的有并列連詞的結(jié)構(gòu)，常見的有并列連詞and, but, as well as, or , both and, nei

3、thernor, eitheror, not onlybut also, than, rather than等等。The differences between English parallelism and Chinese parallelismEnglishChinese as a kind of text structureparallelismparallelism排比排比 at least 3 items 平行結(jié)構(gòu)平行結(jié)構(gòu) 或或 駢偶結(jié)構(gòu)駢偶結(jié)構(gòu) at least 2 itemsas a kind of figure of speech排比與排比與對偶對偶的區(qū)別：的區(qū)別：l、對稱性與

4、平列式。對偶是二個(gè)語言單位，而、對稱性與平列式。對偶是二個(gè)語言單位，而排比是三個(gè)以上語言單位。對偶必須對稱。排比要求排比是三個(gè)以上語言單位。對偶必須對稱。排比要求結(jié)構(gòu)大體相似，字?jǐn)?shù)要求不甚嚴(yán)格。結(jié)構(gòu)大體相似，字?jǐn)?shù)要求不甚嚴(yán)格。 l、排比經(jīng)常以同一詞語作為彼此的揭示語，使、排比經(jīng)常以同一詞語作為彼此的揭示語，使排體互相銜接、給人以緊湊、密集之感。而典型的對排體互相銜接、給人以緊湊、密集之感。而典型的對偶句上下兩聯(lián)是不重字的。偶句上下兩聯(lián)是不重字的。 l、對偶以要求平仄對仗為佳，排比則無此要求。、對偶以要求平仄對仗為佳，排比則無此要求。 EffectsIllustrate the idea cle

5、arly1.King Alfred tried to make clear laws that had precision and were equitable. 2.King Alfred tried to make the law clear, precise, and equitable.2. To lyricism, improve expressive force and appealEg: Sink or swim, live or die, survive or perish, I give my hand and my heart to this vote. ( (無論沉浮，無

6、論生死，無論幸存還是喪命，我都為這次選舉無論沉浮，無論生死，無論幸存還是喪命，我都為這次選舉盡心盡力。盡心盡力。) )What about sunriseWhat about rainWhat about all the thingsThat you said we were to gain. .What about killing fieldsIs there a time3. To argument, have a rigorous logic and the force of a thunderbolt with the balanced structure . 審訊員：審訊員：“你在本

7、市偷過幾次東西，都是些什么？你在本市偷過幾次東西，都是些什么？” ” 嫌疑人：嫌疑人：“我是來市里走親戚的，沒有偷東西。我是來市里走親戚的，沒有偷東西?！睂徲崋T：審訊員：“走親戚走親戚為什么為什么說不上親戚的名字？走親戚說不上親戚的名字？走親戚為什為什么么不帶禮物偏帶螺絲刀？走親戚不帶禮物偏帶螺絲刀？走親戚為什么為什么在半夜里四處亂跑？在半夜里四處亂跑？既然親戚在市里，你到郊區(qū)來干什么？既然親戚在市里，你到郊區(qū)來干什么？”sentence Types of Parallel StructuresphraseWordClauseTypes-Parallel words1.The fans cla

8、pped and screamed for more.2.China, Egypt and India are my favorite traveling destinations.3. His friend was witty, intelligent and experienced.他他正直正直, ,善良善良, ,坦蕩坦蕩, ,風(fēng)趣風(fēng)趣, ,可愛可愛, ,開朗開朗, ,樂觀樂觀, ,優(yōu)雅優(yōu)雅, ,迷人迷人, ,精力充沛精力充沛, ,愛憎分明愛憎分明, ,張揚(yáng)又內(nèi)斂張揚(yáng)又內(nèi)斂, ,專情又風(fēng)情專情又風(fēng)情, ,純真又性感純真又性感, ,溫柔又彪悍溫柔又彪悍最重要的是，他未婚。最重要的是，他未婚。

9、Types-Parallel phrases1.Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability.2. To walk in the rain and to smell bread baking are two of my greatest pleasure.3. She has traveled by land, by sea, and by air. Buying a car and beginning her job were the next steps in her life.Types-Parallel clauses

10、1.A father who spends time with his son and who thoughtfully answers his sons questions will be respected and loved.2.What we say and what we do somehow seem out of point.Types-Parallel sentencesWe shall fight him by land, we shall fight him by sea, we shall fight him in the air. -W.S. Churchill我們將在

11、陸地上與他作戰(zhàn)；我們將在海上與他作戰(zhàn)；我們將我們將在陸地上與他作戰(zhàn)；我們將在海上與他作戰(zhàn)；我們將在天空中與他作戰(zhàn)。在天空中與他作戰(zhàn)。I came; I saw; I conquered.We counted our losses;we cared for our woundded; and we advanced once againAttentions- The Tips for Parallelism Usage注意由并列連詞或等立連詞連接的成分在語法形式上是否相同，既都注意由并列連詞或等立連詞連接的成分在語法形式上是否相同，既都是形容詞，或都是介詞短語，或都是不定式，或都是動(dòng)名詞等。是形

12、容詞，或都是介詞短語，或都是不定式，或都是動(dòng)名詞等。Eg: In the teaching of mathematics, the way of instruction is generally traditional, with teachers presenting formal lectures and students taking notes.2. 注意比較結(jié)構(gòu)中相比較的內(nèi)容在語法形式上是否相同。注意比較結(jié)構(gòu)中相比較的內(nèi)容在語法形式上是否相同。Eg: It is better to die on ones feet than to live on ones knees.3. 如果平行的兩個(gè)成分在形式上是介詞短語，而且介詞相同，一般說來如果平行的兩個(gè)成分在形式上是介詞短語，而且介詞相同，一般說來第二個(gè)介詞不要省略。第二個(gè)介詞不要省略。Eg: At times, more care goes into the composition of newspaper and magazine advertisements than into the writing of the features and editorials.Exercise1. To say is easier than do.2. In many ways, riding a bicycle is a s