虛擬條件句及練習(xí)

1、虛擬條件句虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示主觀愿望和假想虛擬的情況，需掌握的內(nèi)容主要有虛擬條件句 中be動(dòng)詞的形式，虛擬語(yǔ)氣用在表示要求、建議、命令等名詞從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng) 詞的結(jié)構(gòu)及虛擬語(yǔ)氣用在 wish后面的賓語(yǔ)從句中等。1表示現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬條件句虛擬語(yǔ)氣用在非真實(shí)條件句中表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)不相符的假設(shè)，動(dòng)詞的形式如下：條件從句的謂語(yǔ)主句謂語(yǔ)一般過(guò)去時(shí)的形式would(should， could，might)+動(dòng)詞原形If I won a million dollars, I ' give it to charities.如果我贏了 100萬(wàn)美元，我要把它捐給慈善機(jī)構(gòu)。If you didn 'sta

2、y up till late every evening, you wouldn'feel so sleepy in themorni ng.如果你不是每晚熬夜，你早上不會(huì)這么困。【提示】在條件從句中，如果謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是be，一般要用were，特別是在較正式的文體中。If I were you, I would give him a good lesso n.如果我是你，我會(huì)好好教訓(xùn)他一頓。If she were trying harder, her parents would not be anxious.如果她再努力寫(xiě)，她的父母就不用那么憂慮了?！揪殹縄t is a pity she

3、isn 'here. If shehere, I would be happier.A was B is C were D will be2表示將來(lái)情況的虛擬條件句虛擬條件句用在非真實(shí)條件句中表達(dá)與將來(lái)事實(shí)不相符的假設(shè)，動(dòng)詞形式如下:條件從句的謂語(yǔ)主句謂語(yǔ)should +動(dòng)詞原形would(should ，could， might)were to + 動(dòng)詞原形+動(dòng)詞原形If it should rain tomorrow, what would you do?假如明天下雨，你怎么辦？If they were to hear you talking, they would think y

4、ou were a teacher.如果他們聽(tīng)到你講話，他們會(huì)認(rèn)為你是一名老師?！揪殹縄f Ihim toni ght, Iwith you.A should see; would go B saw; would go C see; should go D saw; will go3表示過(guò)去情況的虛擬條件句虛擬語(yǔ)氣用在非真實(shí)條件句中表達(dá)與過(guò)去事實(shí)不相符的假設(shè)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式如 下:條件從句的謂語(yǔ)主句謂語(yǔ)had +過(guò)去分詞would(should ，could，might)+ have + 過(guò)去分詞If they had left earlier, they would n 'have m

5、issed the pla ne.如果他們?cè)琰c(diǎn)動(dòng)身，他們就不會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)班機(jī)了。If I had known your telepho ne nu mber yesterday, I would have telepho ned you.如果我昨天知道你的電話號(hào)碼，我就會(huì)給你打電話了。【練】If hehim yesterday, he would have gone to the beach.A has net B was metC had metD meet ing【疑點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)突破】1在書(shū)面語(yǔ)中，如果條件句的謂語(yǔ)有 were , had或should等詞，可以將if省略, 但要把were，had或s

6、hould放在句首來(lái)表示虛擬語(yǔ)氣，在意義上與帶有 if的條 件從句相同。Were she in charge ( = If she were in charge), she would do thi ngs differe ntly.如果是她負(fù)責(zé)，她會(huì)有另一種做法Should I be free tomorrow(= If I should be free tomorrow), I would come.如果我明天有空，我就會(huì)來(lái)。2 wish后賓語(yǔ)從句a、表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的愿望，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式eg. I wish Ihad your brains.我希望我有你那樣的頭腦。（事實(shí)：我根本比不

7、上你）b、表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的愿望，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：had+d oneeg:.I wish I had knownthe truth of the matter.我希望我那時(shí)就知道這件事情的真相。（事實(shí)：那時(shí)還不知道）c、表示將來(lái)難以實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：should/would +動(dòng)詞原形eg. I wish Ishould havea cha nee aga in.我希望我還能有一次這樣的機(jī)會(huì)。（事實(shí)：很難再有這樣的機(jī)會(huì)了）（注：if only 和as if/as though也有相同用法）3用“hould + 動(dòng)詞原形”或只用動(dòng)詞原形的that從句，作為suggest，propose， requ

8、ire等動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)。He suggested that we should leave early.他建議我們?cè)琰c(diǎn)動(dòng)身。They require that I go at on ee.他們要求我立刻走。虛擬條件句專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)單項(xiàng)選擇1 If Iyou, Ijoin the En glish club.B were; would C am; wouldA was; wouldD am; will2 If ittomorrow we will have a picnic.A not rain B won 'rain C doesn 'rain D didn 'rain3 If

9、you were more frien dly to people, you wouldfrien ds.A to have more B have more C has less D to has less4 If Iwith her last summer, Iwith her now.A worked; am gett ing on very wellB had worked; would get on very wellC had worked; would have got on very wellD had worked; will get on very well5 I wish

10、 Imy un cle yesterday.A met B have met C would met D had met6 If Ithat she was ill. I would have gone to see her.A knew B know C have known D had known7 I would help you if I, but I am afraid it's bey ond my ability.A am able B can C had bee n able D could8 If I had win gs, Ito the moon.A would

11、have flow n B would fly C can flyD fly9 If youto see Mary, what would you tell her?A are B will going C mustD were10 If what you said was true, what I heard about youfault.A is B was C would beD will be用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1 If they(teleph one) me, I will let you know.2 If I(speak) French well, I would take a trip to Fran ce.3 If today(be) Sun day, I would have to work.4 If he(wait) a little Ion ger, he could have see n her.5 Whatyou(do) if you(win) that match?三用虛擬語(yǔ)氣完成下列句子1如果我是你，我就不會(huì)那樣回答問(wèn)題。If Iyou, Ithe questi on like that.2如果他有許可證，就可以找到一份工作。If hea permit, hea job.3如果沒(méi)有空氣和水，地球上就不會(huì)存在生物。Ifno air